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Physical & Health Assessment Spring 2025 (Steele) > Exam 1: Physical Exam PPT AI > Flashcards

Exam 1: Physical Exam PPT AI Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary purpose of health assessment?

A

To gather data about the patient’s general health status, integrating multiple dimensions.

These dimensions include physiological, psychological, cognitive, socio-cultural, development, and spiritual aspects.

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2
Q

List the components of health assessment.

A
  • Health History
  • Physical Assessment

Health history includes a collection of subjective and objective data regarding the client’s health status.

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3
Q

What are the examination techniques used in a physical examination?

A
  • Inspection
  • Palpation
  • Percussion
  • Auscultation
  • Olfaction
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4
Q

Identify the general approach to physical examination.

A

Establish a client relationship and gather relevant health data.

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5
Q

What are the steps in a comprehensive physical examination?

A

Outline the steps of the examination including patient history, vital signs, and physical assessment techniques.

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6
Q

What factors can influence health assessment outcomes?

A
  • Gender
  • Race
  • Age
  • Body type
  • Posture
  • Gait
  • Hygiene and grooming
  • Dress
  • Body odors
  • Speech
  • Affect and mood
  • Client and substance abuse
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7
Q

What is the significance of obtaining a patient’s health history?

A

To establish a detailed profile of the client’s health status, identify strengths, and detect potential health problems.

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8
Q

Fill in the blank: Health history is a collection of _______ and _______ data.

A

[subjective] and [objective]

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9
Q

What does the term ‘palpation’ refer to in physical examination?

A

A technique using hands and fingers to gather information by touch.

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10
Q

Describe the types of palpation.

A
  • Light palpation
  • Deep palpation
  • Bimanual palpation
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11
Q

What is the purpose of percussion in a physical examination?

A

To evaluate the size, borders, consistency of body organs, and to discover fluid in body cavities.

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12
Q

What are the sounds produced by percussion and their characteristics?

A
  • Tympany: Loud, High pitch, Drumlike
  • Resonance: Moderate to Loud, Low pitch, Hollow
  • Hyper-resonance: Very Loud, Very Low pitch, Booming
  • Dullness: Soft to moderate, High pitch, Thudlike
  • Flatness: Soft, High pitch, Flat
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13
Q

What does auscultation involve?

A

Listening to sounds produced by movement of fluids or gases in the patient’s organs or tissues.

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14
Q

True or False: The auscultation process requires a quiet environment.

A

True

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15
Q

What is the first step in assessing the integumentary system?

A

Inspect skin color and vascularity.

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16
Q

List the abnormal skin conditions that can be assessed.

A
  • Erythema
  • Cyanosis
  • Jaundice
  • Pallor
  • Vitiligo
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17
Q

What is the significance of the general patient survey?

A

To distinguish between normal and abnormal findings in the patient.

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18
Q

What factors should be considered in the patient’s family history?

A
  • Hypertension
  • Diabetes Mellitus
  • Cancer
  • Arthritis
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19
Q

Fill in the blank: The patient’s pulse should be assessed for ______, ______, and ______.

A

[Rate], [Rhythm], [Quality]

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20
Q

What should be included in the baseline data during health assessment?

A
  • Weight
  • Height
  • Temperature
  • Pulse
  • Blood Pressure
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21
Q

What are the components of a mental status examination?

A

Identify abnormal findings and assess cognitive functions.

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22
Q

What is the importance of assessing hygiene and grooming during a physical examination?

A

To evaluate personal hygiene maintenance and possible health issues related to poor hygiene.

23
Q

Describe the significance of observing body movement during a physical examination.

A

To assess purposeful movement or identify immobility.

24
Q

What does the term ‘psychosocial history’ refer to?

A

Assessment of recent stressors, support systems, and care arrangements.

25
What is erythema?
Redness of the skin caused by increased blood flow. ## Footnote Erythema can indicate inflammation or infection.
26
What does cyanosis indicate?
A bluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen. ## Footnote Cyanosis can be a sign of respiratory or cardiovascular issues.
27
Define jaundice.
A yellowing of the skin and eyes due to excess bilirubin. ## Footnote Jaundice can indicate liver dysfunction.
28
What is pallor?
An abnormal paleness of the skin. ## Footnote Pallor can be a sign of anemia or shock.
29
What is vitiligo?
A condition characterized by patches of skin losing their pigment. ## Footnote Vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder.
30
What is ecchymosis?
A discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath. ## Footnote Ecchymosis often appears as a bruise.
31
What are petechiae?
Small, red or purple spots on the skin caused by bleeding. ## Footnote Petechiae can indicate a variety of medical conditions.
32
What is pitting edema?
Swelling that retains an indentation when pressed. ## Footnote Pitting edema is graded from 0 to +4 based on severity.
33
What is the grading scale for pitting edema?
Grade 0: none, Grade +1: trace (2 mm), Grade +2: moderate (4 mm), Grade +3: deep (6 mm), Grade +4: very deep (8 mm). ## Footnote The duration of indentation varies by grade.
34
What is the normal angle between the nail and its base?
160 degrees. ## Footnote This angle is indicative of healthy nails.
35
What does a pinkish nail bed indicate?
Good blood circulation and healthy oxygen levels. ## Footnote Nail color can be an important indicator of overall health.
36
What is koilonychia?
A condition where nails are abnormally thin and concave. ## Footnote Often referred to as 'spoon nails'.
37
What is clubbing of the nails?
Enlargement of the fingertips and curvature of the nails. ## Footnote Clubbing can be associated with respiratory or cardiovascular diseases.
38
What is a common sign of dehydration in the tongue?
Fissured tongue. ## Footnote This can also appear with other conditions.
39
What is the purpose of a Romberg test?
To assess balance and proprioception. ## Footnote A positive Romberg test indicates issues with balance.
40
What does the term 'dysphagia' refer to?
Difficulty swallowing. ## Footnote Dysphagia can result from various conditions affecting the esophagus.
41
What is the significance of the apical pulse?
It indicates the heart rate and rhythm. ## Footnote The apical pulse is found at the 5th intercostal space.
42
What does hemoptysis mean?
Coughing up blood. ## Footnote Hemoptysis can indicate serious respiratory issues.
43
What is the purpose of the Rinne test?
To evaluate hearing loss by comparing air conduction to bone conduction. ## Footnote A tuning fork is typically used for this test.
44
What does a cherry-colored lip indicate?
Carbon monoxide poisoning. ## Footnote This is a medical emergency.
45
What is the normal color of healthy gums?
Pink, smooth, and moist. ## Footnote Healthy gums should not bleed easily.
46
What is gingivitis?
Inflammation of the gums. ## Footnote Gingivitis is often caused by poor dental hygiene.
47
What is lordosis?
An exaggerated inward curve of the lumbar spine. ## Footnote It can lead to discomfort and postural issues.
48
Fill in the blank: The thyroid gland lies ________ in the neck.
anterior and lower. ## Footnote This gland is responsible for metabolism regulation.
49
True or False: Alopecia is a condition characterized by excessive hair growth.
False. ## Footnote Alopecia refers to hair loss.
50
What is the significance of checking capillary refill?
To assess peripheral circulation. ## Footnote Normal capillary refill time is less than 2 seconds.
51
What is the purpose of palpating the abdomen?
To assess for tenderness, masses, or organ size. ## Footnote Palpation can reveal underlying issues.
52
What is the definition of anuria?
Absence of urine production. ## Footnote Anuria can indicate severe kidney dysfunction.
53
What does the term 'halitosis' refer to?
Bad breath. ## Footnote It can be caused by poor oral hygiene or underlying health issues.

Physical & Health Assessment Spring 2025 (Steele) (1 decks)

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