Exam 1 - Multiple Choice Flashcards
Eadweard Muybridge
horse motion studies for Leland Stanford
Kinetescope
early motion-picture device, Edison and Dickson
The Cinématographe
invented by the Lumiere brothers, 35 mm camera that could print positive copies then form part of the projector
Black Maria
Edison and Dickson’s original studio
Grand Café
December 18, 1895 screening of ten films by the Lumiere brothers
Phantom rides
designed to give spectators the illusion of traveling
What were the three key genres of the post-novelty period (1897-1898)
Boxing Films, Passion plays, and views of the Spanish-American War
Who is Edwin S. Porter?
The first American Filmmaker, responsible for The Great Train Robbery, Life of American Firemen, and Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Between 1905-1912, which country had the largest film industry?
France
What is vertical integration?
A practice in which a single company engages in
all three basic activities of the film industry (production, distribution, and exhibition). In the US film industry, the Majors (slang for powerful film companies) were vertically integrated from the 1920s on, owning production facilities
What is horizontal integration?
A practice in which a company in one sector of
the motion-picture industry acquires or gains control over other companies in that sector. For example, a production company may expand by purchasing other production firms.
What was the Motion Picture Patents Company?
A company formed within the industry that invoked competition to increase quality of films, dominated by Edison
What was the national board of censorship?
A private company partly funded by the MPPC, would examine films and censor them justly
What is pixilation?
a stop motion technique where live actors are used as a frame-by-frame subject in an animated film, by repeatedly posing while one or more frame is taken and changing pose slightly before the next frame or frames
What is the 9-foot line?
film from 9 feet away cutting off just below the hips to better se facial expressions, (The Painted Lady, 1912, D.W. Griffith)
What is crosscutting?
Editing that alternates shots of two or more lines of action occurring in different places, usually simultaneously.
What is analytical editing?
editing that breaks down a single space into separate areas
What is contiguity editing?
Showing characters move between contiguous spaces Rescued by Rover (Cecil Hepworth, 1905)
What were the major reasons America took over the film industry in 1913-1919?
-Disruption of World War I
-Higher budgets, based on large domestic and international audiences
-Sold abroad cheaper than local productions
What was the Cabria movement?
Sweeping European historical spectacles
Cabiria (Giovanni Pastrone, 1914) 12 reels
What made swedish cinema so distinctive?
-Prominent use of northern landscape*
-Use of local literature, costumes, and culture*
-“Swedish qualities” allowed for successful export
-Recognized as the first alternative Hollywood to emerge after WWI
What is block booking?
a system of selling multiple films to a theater as a unit any exhibitor who wanted films with high box-office potential had to rent other, less desirable films from the company.
What is effects lighting?
Effect-lighting is any type of lighting which attempts to reproduce the effect of the illumination you’d actually see in a particular place under the conditions of the story.
What were the state of production facilities in France and how did it affect filmmaking?
Outmoded production facilities
-The transition to artificial lighting was costly
-Few backlots
-Low budgets and fewer spectacle films
-Increased location shooting
