Exam 1 Mental Health/Mental Illness Flashcards
Cultural Idioms of Distress
ways of expressing distress that may not involve specific symptoms or syndromes, but provide collective, shared ways of experiencing and talking about personal or social concerns e.g. everyday talk about nerves/depression may refer to suffering
Cultural explanations
or perceived causes are labels, attributions, or features of an explanatory model that indicate culturally recognized meaning or etiology symptoms, illnesses, or distress. e.g. the client functions this way due to their culture (religious background)
Cultural syndromes
are clusters of symptoms and attributions that tend to co-occur among individuals in specific cultural groups, communities, or contexts and that are recognized locally as coherent patterns of experience (e.g. symptoms that occur based on individuals that run in the same circles)
Culture
refers to systems of knowledge, concepts, values, norms, and practices that are learned and transmitted across generations. (e.g. language, religion, spirituality, life-cycle stages)
Race
is a social, (not biological) construct that divides humanity into groups based on a variety of superficial physical traits such as skin color that have been falsely viewed as indicating attributes and capacities assumed to be inherent to the group
Ethnicity
is a culturally constructed group identity used to define people and communities
Cultural Formation Interview
is a set of protocols that clinicians may use to obtain information during mental health assessment about the impact of culture on key aspects of an individual’s clinical presentation and care
What does the CFI include?
- a set of 16 questions used to obtain an initial assessment from any individual
- an informant version of the CFI for collateral information
- a set of supplementary modules to expand evaluation as needed
Neurodevelopmental Disorders (onset/manifestation/co-occurence)
a group of conditions with onset in the developmental period
Manifest early in development before a child enters grade school
Frequently co-occur with other disorders
Neurodevelopmental Disorders (definition)
characterized by developmental deficits or differences in brain processes that produce impairments of personal, social, academic, or occupational functioning
presence of both symptoms & impaired function for diagnosis
Intellectual Developmental Disorder (definition)
characterized by deficits in general mental abilities such as reasoning, problems solving, planning, abstract thinking, judgment, academic learning, and learning from experience.
results in impairments of adaptive functions (failing to meet 1 or more of daily life standards e.g. communication, social participation, personal independence at home or in community settings, etc.
Global Developmental Delay
when an individual fails to meet expected developmental milestones in several areas of intellectual functioning
Global Developmental Disorder (onset)
reserved for individuals UNDER the age of 5 years who are unable to undergo systematic assessments of intellectual functioning therefore, clinical severity level cannot be reliably assessed
Language Disorder/ Speech Sound Disorder
characterized by deficits in development and use of language, speech, and social communication
Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder
characterized by deficits in both verbal and non-verbal communication that result in social impairment and are not better explained by low abilities in structural language, IDD, or ASD
begin early in life