Exam 1 Materials Flashcards
Causative Agents
Some diseases are closely linked with etiologic factors, such that they are said to be the causative agents.
Clinical Course
The aspect of time in a clinical course, as some manifestations are only evident early in a course, whereas others unfold in late stages of a disease/disorder
Convalescence
Convalescence is the stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical operation.
exacerbation
is a relatively sudden increase in the severity of a disease or any of its signs and symptoms
Latent period
The interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the irst appearance of signs and symptoms
Pathogenesis
- Refers to the development or evolution of a disease, from the initial stimulus to the ultimate expression of the manifestation of the disease.
- The proposed mechanisms whereby a causative stimulus leads to typically observed clinical manifestations. this includes a description of the direct effects of the initiating event, as well as the usual physiologic responses and compensatory mechanisms
Pathology
study and diagnosis of disease through examination of organs, tissues, cells and bodily fluids.
Pathophysiology
Physiology is the study of the mechanical, physical and biochemical functions of living organisms. Together, pathophysiology refers to the study of abnormalities in physiologic functioning of living things
Prodrome
refers to the appearance of the irst signs and symptoms indicating the onset of a disease. Prodromal symptoms often are nonspeciic, such as headache, malaise, anorexia, and nausea.
remission
is an abatement or decline in severity of the signs and symptoms of a disease.
Risk Factors
Risk Factor is when the link between an etiologic factor and development of a disease is less than certain, but the probability is increased when the factor is present.
sequela
Occasionally a disease produces a subsequent pathologic condition.
For example, the sequela of an inlammatory process might be scarring.
Signs
Manifestations of disease that are observed
Silent period
Sometimes during the course of a disease, the signs and symptoms may become mild or even disappear for a time
Subclinical stage
during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are well established.
Symptoms
The subjective feelings of an abnormality in the body
Treatment implications
- the (sometimes) logical connection between causative disease trigger, disease process, and theoretical implications for prevention/ treatment.
Example: understanding that a person with septic shock has excessive dilation of blood vessels that contributes to hypotension implies that fluid administration would likely be helpful.
syndrome
When the etiology of a particular set of signs and symptoms has not yet been determined
Clinical manifestations
describes the signs and symptoms that typically accompany a particular pathophysiologic process. Manifestations may vary depending on the stage of the disorder, individual variation, and acuity or chronicity.
idiopathic
When the cause is unknown
Iatrogenic
If the cause is the result of an unintended or unwanted medical treatment, the resulting condition is said to be iatrogenic.
Etiology
is the study of the causes or reasons for phenomena. A description of etiologic process includes the identiication of those causal factors that, acting in concert, provoke a particular disease or injury.
Congenital (Inborn) diseases or birth defects
birth defects
usually caused by teratogens
