exam 1 material Flashcards

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1
Q

when scientists generate a single informed, logical and plausible explanation for a question and observations of the natural world, they are proposing a scientific

A

hypothesis

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2
Q

a scientific hypothesis must be___;if not, science cannot evaluate it

A

testable

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3
Q

a scientific hypothesis must be constructed with which of the following characteristics

A

provides a reasonable explanation to a question and is consistent with current observations;it must also be testable and falsifiable

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4
Q

is it important for scientists to undergo peer review of their results by fellow scientists

A

yes. the quality and accuracy of the scientific work can be enhanced by input, further review, and possibly even repetition by other scientists working in the same field

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5
Q

what could not be used to develop a testable hypothesis

A

do ghosts impact how children sleep

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6
Q

some questions fall outside the realm of science. which could not be answered using the scientific method

A

why is it unethical to test newly developed drugs in animals

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7
Q

david blehert and his research team had 117 healthy bats to study in the lab and divided them into 4 groups. group 1 was housed in an area free from Geomyces destructoans known to cause white nose syndrome. group 2 was in an area that shared same air as bats infected with WNS, but did not have direct contact with the infected bats. group 3 was in direct contact wth other WNS bats. Group 4 directly exposed to Geo. dest. when it was applied to their wings. during the study period, the bats were monitored for signs of wns. what were independent and dependent variables

A

independent variable=type of exposure to geomyces destructans
dependent variable=whether or not bats became sick with WNS

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8
Q

scientists are human and susceptible to personal and group biases that may influence how they interpret evidence. before original research work is accepted and added to a growing body of scientific understanding, perhaps even contributing to our understanding of an important scientific theory, it must be scrutinized by experts in the field who have no direct connection to the research under review. the main mechanism for doing this is

A

peer reviewed publications

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9
Q

scientific understanding can always be challenged, and even changed, with new ways of observing and with different interpretations

A

scientific knowledge can change given increased knowledge

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10
Q

carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen are all examples of

A

elements

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11
Q

central element found in organic molecules

A

carbon

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12
Q

a group of astronauts returning from outer space studied samples taken from their lunar landing. they found that one of their samples was coated with organic compounds. which of the following statements must be correct about their samples

A

the samples must contain carbon atoms

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13
Q

in the chemical reaction that forms water, hydrogen, ad oxygen share electrons creating __ bonds between the 2 atoms

A

covalent

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14
Q

which of the following explains why ice floats on water

A

the distance between water molecules in ice is greater than in liquid water

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15
Q

oil and water don’t mix together well because

A

water is polar and oil is nonpolar

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16
Q

you’re given an unknown substance and asked to determine whether it is polar or non polar. the easiest way to do this would be to

A

determine whether the compound dissolves in water

17
Q

in making your morning tea, you drop a sugar cube into some hot water. you stir the mixture but no longer see the sugar cube at the bottom of your mug. based on your observation of sugar dissolving in hot water, you probably concede that the sugar is

A

hydrophilic

18
Q

a carwash attendant offers to treat your windshield with a protective agent. this substance coats the glass, causing beads of water to easily roll off during a rain shower. which of the following must be correct about the protective agent

A

must be hydrophobic

19
Q

which is most acidic ph out of these: 5.7.8.10

A

5

20
Q

most basic

A

10

21
Q

which of the following would NOT be a situation where your own scientific literacy would be helpful

A

do i have ghosts in my closet

22
Q

which statement about the process of science is not accurate

A

science can answer all questions regarding human experience and personal values

23
Q

which of the following is least likely to include unchecked claims when making scientific statements

A

peer reviewed scientific journals

24
Q

Vicky wants to be a zoologist and measured lengths of earthworms and made a graph. is this scientific

A

no, because she had no hypothesis to direct her data collection or interpretation

25
Q

most supportive in determining if a researcher was fit to evaluate the scientific claim

A

has a phd, md, or at least an ms and years of experience in the field in which he is making a scientific claim

26
Q

a protein

A

is composed of amino acids, is folded and this folding is important to its function, and can denature if the temperature is increased

27
Q

positive correlation

A

is not a cause and effect

28
Q

the fact that the onset of autism symptoms typically occurs at about the same age children receive many of their vaccinations including the MMR is an example of

A

an observed correlation but not necessarily evidence of a cause and effect relationship

29
Q

in the miller-urea experiment, the experiment included methane. why was this important

A

it was in the earth’s early atmosphere; given our organic molecules are made from carbon this would serve as the carbon source for these molecules

30
Q

developing a scientific understanding of a natural phenomenon typically begins by

A

observing a quantifiable natural phenomena