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d-health promotion(former alteration) > exam 1 in class stuff > Flashcards

exam 1 in class stuff Flashcards

1
Q

When to call doctor COPD

A

stage 4- very severe

severe airflow limitaiton

impaired QOL

sp02 less then 80

cyanosis

dyspnea

tachypenia

increase hr/bp

worsening lung sounds

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2
Q

pulmonary hygiene -copd

A

SMOKING CESSATION

cough +DB

postural drainage

avoiding allergy+ pollutants

min dairy + salt intake

avoid cough suppreseants

mouth care before meals

Increase cal intake and nutrient dense foods

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3
Q

meds copd

A

Bronchodialters

corticosteroids

02 therapy

inluenxsa, pneumococcal, covid vaccine

Antibiotics

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4
Q

what is cf

A

automosal recessive disorder.

leads to excessive exocrine gland secretion

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5
Q

life expectancy of CF

A

41 is median

kids born after 2018 ar expected to live past 50

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6
Q

treatment for CF

A

flu vaccine + pertussis/measles booster

bronchodilator

antibiotics

dornase alfa

chest physiotherapy

huff cough

Increase ntruitoin -protien and fat soluble vitamins

02 therapy

lung tranplant is only definitive treatment

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7
Q

TB sputum

A

3 early morning treatments

collect specific in ultra violet room

wear n95 mask

step outside

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8
Q

meds tb

A

isoniazid

rimpafmpin

pyazinimde

ethambutol

streptomycin

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9
Q

se + adverse affects of tb meds

A

hearing loss

vision loss
hepatitis

body fluids orange/red

neuropathy-feet/hadns

ototoxicty-hearing

hepato/nephro toxicity –kidney and liver

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10
Q

what is tonsillectomy

A

surgical removal of tonsils

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11
Q

what to do w/ tonsillectomy

A

apply cold packs to neck

encourage intake of cold beverages

assess for pain

semi fowlers w/ head turned to side

warm saline mouth washes

semi/liquid diet

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12
Q

complications of tonsillectomy

A

hemorrhage

tissue swelling

spread of infection

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13
Q

teaching for tonsillectomy

A

complete full course of antibiotics

warm saline gargles

s/s of complciations

monitor temp

dispose tissues

0 aspirin for 2 weeks

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14
Q

what iS asthma

A

chronic inflammation of airway

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15
Q

side effects od asthma

A

wheezing

dyspnea

sob

chest tightness

coughing

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16
Q

meds for asthma

A

adrenergic stimulants

methylanine

antichilinergics

corticosteroids

mast cell stabilzers

loekotrine modifiers

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17
Q

peal flow asthma

A

80-100%- all good

50-80%- caution

0-50%- use bronchodilator immediately

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18
Q

assessment of asthma

A

lung sounds

spo2

respirations

subjective data

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19
Q

inhalers when

A

acute- when needed for rapid relief

prevention- everyday-ling term

use brinchodialter first, then other inhaler

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20
Q

how to use inhaler

A

shake fot 3-5 inhaler

hold mouthpiecee near mouth

press down and inhale completely

hold for 10 seconds

rinse mouth

wait 1-2 mins between puts

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21
Q

s/e of inhaler

A

tachycardia

jittery

thrush

cough

headache

22
Q

abg purpose

ph
pc02
pa02

A

ssess alterations in acid–base balance caused by a respiratory disorder, a metabolic disorder, or both.

PH 7.35=7.45

pco2-35-35

pa-02-75-100

23
Q

abg nursing interventions

A

notify if taking antiocagualtns/aspirin

indicate oxygen intake

apply pressure to puncture site

don’t collect blood from same arm used for iv

24
Q

biopsy/brinchoscopy what is it

A

A biopsy of the lung is done to obtain tissue to differentiate benign from malignant tumors of the lungs

A bronchoscopy is the direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi through a bronchoscope

25
Q

biopsy/brinchoscopy nursing interventions

A

assess for pregnancy, hypersensitivity to antibiotics, iodine or dyes

do not eat/drink fluids 8-12 hrs before

remove all stuff

assess for complications

monitor for respiratory difficulty

don’t smoke for 6-8 hrs before

26
Q

chest x ray- what is it

A

identify abnormalities in chest structure and lung tissue, for diagnosis of diseases and injuries

27
Q

chest x ray nursing interventio s

A

no preparation

28
Q

ct/mri- what is it

A

CT of the thorax may be performed when x-rays do not show some areas well, such as the pleura and mediastinum.

An MRI of the thorax is used to diagnose alterations in lung tissue that are more difficult to visualize

29
Q

ct/mri nursing interventions

A

lay still

assess for metallic implants

remove transdermal medication pathcess

don’t do if pregnant

don’t eat 4 hrs before

assess for allergies to shellfish/iodone

30
Q

pulse ox what is it

A

his noninvasive test is used to evaluate or monitor oxygen saturation of the blood.

31
Q

pulse ox nursing interventions

A

Assess for factors that may alter findings, including faulty placement, movement, dark skin color, and acrylic nails. Light

32
Q

sputum what os it

A

ulture and sensitivity of a single sputum specimen is done to diagnose bacterial infections, identify the most effective antibiotic, and evaluate treatment.

33
Q

sputum nursing interventions

A

collect early in morning

2-3 deep breaths then cough

if unstable get sputum during brinchocspy

34
Q

thoracentesis what is it

A

A large-bore needle is inserted through the chest wall and into the pleural space

done to obtain a specimen of pleural fluid for diagnosis

35
Q

thoracentesis nursing interventions

A

verify conset

admisnter a cough suppresant

position upright

pressure may be felt

36
Q

pulmonary ventilation scan what is it

A

his test is performed with two nuclear scans to measure breathing (ventilation) and circulation (perfusion)

A ventilation scan is performed by scanning the lungs as the patient inhales radioactive gas.

A perfusion scan is performed by injecting radioactive albumin into a vein and scanning the lungs.

37
Q

pulmonary ventilation nursing interventions

A

Tell the patient to remove all jewelry from the neck and chest.

38
Q

acute bacterial pneumonia

A

acute- rapid onset, most common

acute shaking chills, fever, rust collored sputum

localized chest pain that increases with breathing

resolves uneventfully

39
Q

legionnaires

A

caused by bacteria found in water, warm standing

dry cough, general fever-dyspnea, malaise, chills, fever headaches confusion

40
Q

primary atypical

A

not typical presentation, more similar to bronchitis. known as walking pneumonia

fever, headache, myalgias, and arthralgias , dry non prudctuve cough

41
Q

viral pneumonia

A

complication of influenza

Flulike symptoms of headache, fever, fatigue, malaise, and muscle aches are common, along with a dry cough.

42
Q

pneumocystis pnempnia

A

parasitic, immunoocomprimised are at risk

patch lungs, filled with thickened alveoli

brupt onset with fever, tachypnea and shortness of breath, and a dry, nonproductive cough.

43
Q

aspiration pneumonia

A

content entering lungs

risk factors are depressed cough/gag reflexes, impaired swallowing

Common complications of aspiration pneumonia include abscesses, bronchiectasis (chronic dilation of the bronchi and bronchioles), and gangrene of pulmonary tissue

44
Q

nursing diagnosis/ proirteis of care
pnemonia

A

respiratory support

oxygen is priority

promote airway clearence

promote efective breathing

reduce energy demands

45
Q

complementary therapy/health promotion pneumonia

A

echinacea- treat uri

goldenseal-treat bacteria/fungal

46
Q

diagnosis pneumonia

A

chest x ray

sputum gram stain

sputum culture

CBC/WBC

pulse ox

abg

47
Q

immuncaition pneumonia

A

2 rypes of vaccine

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 13 (PCV13, Prevnar-protects against 13- used in children 12-15 months and 2-6 evens

pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23, Pneumovax-protects against 23- used in adults

48
Q

meds pneumonia

A

antibiotics to eradicate the infection

bronchodilators to reduce bronchospasm and improve ventilation.

49
Q

treatments/interventions pnemonia

A

increase fluid intake to 2500-3000

incentive spirometry

oxygen therapy

chest physiotherapy

50
Q

complications pneumonia

A

,hypoxemia

,oxygen is proirty,

confused d/t not getting enough o2,

respiratoy failure

51
Q

nursing priories of care pneumonia

A

assess rest status

assess cough/sputum

place in fowlers

assis to cough and db

fluid of 2500-300

incentive spirometry, postural drainage, percussion, vibration

provide rest periods

administer oxygen

slow breathing

relaxation techniques

assist with activities

schedule rest periods

d-health promotion(former alteration) (10 decks)

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