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Pediatrics > Exam 1 Immunizations > Flashcards

Exam 1 Immunizations Flashcards

1
Q

How many diseases are currently targeted by childhood immunizations?

A

17 vaccine-preventable diseases

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2
Q

Diptheria vaccine type

A

toxoid

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3
Q

Diptheria vaccine <7 yo

> 7 yo

A

<7 yo: DTap or DT

> 7 yo Tdap or Td (lower diptheria dose)

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4
Q

Tetanus vaccine type

A

toxoid

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5
Q

What is included in DTaP Vaccine?

A

Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids, and selected Bordetella pertussis components

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6
Q

What age is DTaP Vaccine given?

A

start at 2 mo

only used < 7 yo

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7
Q

DTaP Vaccine adverse rxns

A

Local reactions, fever

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8
Q

What age is Tdap Vaccine given

A

> or = 7 yo (usually 11-12yrs)

(then every 10 yrs bc immunity wanes ~10%/yr)

also give maternal (for each pregnancy ~30 wks) vaccination to ↓ risk for infant pertussis exposure

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9
Q

Tdap Vaccine adverse rxns

A

Local reactions

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10
Q

Tdap Vaccine CI

A

Anaphylaxis after receiving any Tdap component

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11
Q

Pertussis Vaccine Relative CI

A

Prior vaccine adverse event

Anaphylactic reaction

Encephalopathy within 7 days

Deferral due to neuro d/o

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12
Q

Polio Vaccine (IPV) type

A

inactivated

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13
Q

Polio Vaccine adverse rxns

A

Minor local reactions, rare

No vaccine-associated paralytic polio

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14
Q

Polio Vaccine adverse age

A

start at 2 mo then final dose > 4 yrs (at least 6 mo from previous)

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15
Q

Haemophilus influenza type B (HiB) adverse rxns

A

Minor local reactions

Rare fever

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16
Q

Haemophilus influenza type B (HiB) age

A

start at 2 mo

need 3-4 doses depending on vaccine type used

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17
Q

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV13, Prevnar13) age

A

start at 2 mo

If ↑ risk → given at 6-18 years of age, single dose

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18
Q

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV13 Prevnar13) adverse rxns

A

Local reactions, fever

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19
Q

What children are at ↑ risk of invasive pneumococcal disease?

A

Anatomic or functional asplenia (sickle cell disease)

HIV or other immune compromise

Cochlear implant or CSF leak

Chronic renal failure, nephrotic syndrome

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20
Q

Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (Pneumovax PPSV23) adverse events

A

Local reactions, low grade fever

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21
Q

Pneumovax PPSV23 indications

A

> 2

high risk children (revac again in 5 yrs)

must be > 8 wks from last PCV13 dose

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22
Q

MenACWY-D (Menactra)
or
MenACWY-CRM (Menveo)

A

Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine

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23
Q

Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine adverse events

A

Local reactions

24
Q

Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine age

A

1st dose at 11-12 yo

25
Q

Meningococcal B Vaccine min age at admin

A

10 yrs, 2-3 doses

high risk pop and during outbreak

26
Q

Hepatitis B Vaccine content

A

HBsAg

27
Q

Hepatitis B Vaccine adverse events

A

Local tenderness, low-grade fever

28
Q

Hepatitis B Vaccine age of admin

A

1st dose at birth

3rd dose by 18 mo

29
Q

Hepatitis B Vaccine age of admin for preterm infants <2 kg bw

A

1st dose at 1 month of age or hospital discharge—which ever is first

30
Q

Hepatitis A age

A

routine 1st dose 1 yr

2 doses total at least 6 mo apart

31
Q

Exceptions to Hep A vaccine outside 1 yr routine

A

Travelers to endemic areas
Close contact with international adoptees • Hepatitis A outbreak
Chronic liver disease

32
Q

9vHPV (Gardasil) adverse effects

A

Local reactions

33
Q

HPV Vaccine age

A

Routine
11-12 years of age
As early as 9 years

34
Q

HPV catch up

A

Female up to 26 years, male up to 21 years

35
Q

HPV dosing

A

9-14 years: 2 doses, 6 months apart •

Minimum interval 5 months

≥ 15 years and immune comp: 3 dose series

36
Q

Measles vaccine type

A

live

37
Q

Measles vaccine adverse effects

A

7-12 days after immunization

fever, rash

38
Q

Measles CI

A

Pregnancy
Immunocompromised (except for HIV if CD4 >15%)
Recent immunoglobulin

Egg allergy is NOT a contraindication
ST (ppd) may be performed on day of vaccination or 1 month later

39
Q

Measles vaccine age

outbreak considerations?

A

2 doses after 1st birthday

outbreak can give dose as young as 6 months of age (but doesn’t count toward 1st dose)

40
Q

Mumps vaccine type

A

Live Virus

41
Q

Mumps vaccine adverse effects

A

Rare

42
Q

Mumps vaccine CI

A

Pregnancy, immunocompromised, recent immunoglobulin

43
Q

Rubella Vaccine type

A

Live virus

44
Q

Rubella Vaccine adverse effects

A

Mild rash, fever, adenopathy, transient arthralgias

45
Q

Rubella Vaccine CI

A

Pregnancy, immunocompromised, recent

immune globulin

46
Q

Varicella Vaccine type

A

Live attenuated virus

47
Q

Varicella Vaccine AE

A

local erythema, soreness

Papulovesicular rash around inj site

48
Q

Varicella Vaccine age recommendations

A

Routine immunization at 12-15 months and 4-6 years

2 doses separated by at least 3 months

49
Q

Varicella Vaccine catch up schedule

A

2 doses separated by at least 4 weeks

50
Q

Varicella Vaccine CI

A 
Immunocompromised host (except HIV if CD4 >15%)
Pregnancy
Presence of passive antibody
Avoidance of aspirin 6 weeks post-vaccination due to risk of rye syndrome
51
Q

Rotavirus Vaccines type

A

Two live vaccines

oral

52
Q

Rotavirus Vaccines AE

A

Possible small increased risk of intussusception

53
Q

Rotavirus Vaccines CI

A

SCID

Intussusception history

54
Q

Rotavirus age

A

Routine administration for all infants
1st dose 6 wks (2-3 doses total depending on type)
Max age for last dose is 8 mo

55
Q

What vaccination coverage is at or above target levels for healthy ppl 2020?

A

MMR, Hepatitis B, IPV, and Varicella

56
Q

Natural Immunity vs Vaccine Acquired

Immunity

A

Natural immunity lasts longer but risks are higher

Pediatrics (7 decks)

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