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Bio 189 > Exam 1 flashCards > Flashcards

Exam 1 flashCards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Which statement best describes a system?

A

A group of objects tht affect, or influence, each other

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2
Q

Which statement best describes the structure of a system?

A

The structure of a system describes how it’s parts are arranged in space.

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3
Q

Which statement best describes emergent properties?

A
  • Emergent properties of a whole system that cannnot be predicted from the properties of its parts
  • the emergent properties of a system depend on the arrangement of its parts, or its structure
  • the emergent properties of a system depend on the ways that different parts affect each other, or it’s functioning
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4
Q

True or False

The emergent properties of a system result from the structure and functioning of a system.

A

TRUE

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5
Q

Which property must a system exhibit to be considered as living?

A

A)Homeostasis

B)Growth

C)Reproduction

D)Heredity

E)all of the above

                                         Answer= E
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6
Q

Which statement accurately describe the property of homeostasis

A

A) Homeostasis refers to the ability of a loving system to keep its internal physical and chemical conditions the same as physical and chemical conditions in its surroundings
B) homeostasis refers to the ability of a living system to keep its internal physical and chemical conditions different than physical and chemical conditions in its surrounding
C) Homeostasis refers to the ability of a living system to keep its internal physical and chemical conditions constant
D) all of the above

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7
Q

True or False

The ability of a living system to maintain homeostasis is equivalent to survival.

A

TRUE

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8
Q

True or False

Living systems must grow so that they can reproduce.

A

TRUE

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9
Q

Which statement accurately describe the property of heredity

A

A) heredity refers to the fact that the offsprings of a living system are more similar to their parents than to other, non-related living systems
B) heredity refers to the fact that the offsprings of a living system are identical to their parents
C)heredity refers to the fact that living systems become larger in size as time progress
D)all of the above

ANSWER= A

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10
Q

True or False

A viruses is the simplest system tht is alive.

A

FALSE

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11
Q

True or False

A cell is the simplest system tht is alive.

A

TRUE

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12
Q

Which statement best describes a genome?

A

A) a genome is two or more series of chemical reactions that are linked together to form a complex network
B) a genome is a bolster that forms an enclosed compartment
C) a genome is a group or population of replicators
D) all of the above

ANSWER= C

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13
Q

Which statement accurately describes a sequence?

A

A) a sequence is the number and order of building blocks in a replicator
B) a sequence always acts as a template for its own replication
C) a sequence May contain information for building proteins tht influence the properties of the membrane and metabolism
D) all of the above

ANSWER= D

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14
Q

True or False

All replicators within a genome can act as templates for their own replication.

A

TRUE

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15
Q

True or False

Only some of the replicators within a genome contain information for building proteins that influence the properties of the membrane and metabolism.

A

TRUE

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16
Q

Which statement best describes the membrane?

A

A) the membrane surrounds the genome and metabolism, protecting them from harmful chemicals and radiation
B) the membrane limits what goes in and out of a cell and is thus critical to Homeostasis
C) the membrane forced replicator sequences in a genome to maintain a certain degree of cooperation
D) all of the above

ANSWER= D

17
Q

True or False

Because it limits what goes in and out of a cell, the membrane is critical for the property of homeostasis.

A

TRUE

18
Q

Which statement accurately describes metabolism?

A

A) the metabolism provides raw materials (building blocks) for the replicators so they can be replicated
B) the metabolism provides building blocks (phospholipids) for the membrane so that it can be repaired and ultimately increase in size
C) the metabolism provides energy
D) all of the above

ANSWER= D

19
Q

For a living system to exhibit the property of heredity, the genome must be capable influencing the properties of the membrane and metabolism. In the abstract model of a cell that we built, which of the following statements must be true for the genome to influence the properties of the membrane and metabolism?

A

A)some replicators must be long enough to act as genes
B) genes must contain information on how to construct functional molecules such as proteins
C) proteins must be capable of influencing the metabolism and membrane, by acting as enzymes that speed up chemical reactions or transports that help move chemical substance across the membrane
D) all of the above

ANSWER= D

20
Q

True or False

The ability of a cell to interact with its environment (bring in food, export waste, avoid becoming food) determines how well it is able to maintain homeostasis, grow, and divide.

A

TRUE

21
Q

True or False

The set of proteins tht occurs within a cell has strong influence on its structure and functioning and hence its ability to interact with its environment.

A

TRUE

22
Q

True or False

Cells with different replicators sequences will exhibit differences in their abilities to maintain homeostasis, grow, and reproduce?

A

TRUE

23
Q

Which statement accurately describes ecology?

A

A) within a population, cells interact with physical and biological aspects of their environment
B) within a population, cells tht interact with their environment well will tend to survive, grow, and reproduce at higher rates than competing cells
C) within a population, replicator sequences carried by cells tht survive, grow, and or reproduce at higher rates will increase relative to replicator sequences carried by competing Cells
D) a and b
E) b and c

ANSWER= A

24
Q

Which statement accurately describes natural selection?

A

A) within a population, cells interact with physical and biological aspects of their enviroment
B) within a population, cells that interact with their environment well will tend to survive, grow, and reproduce st higher rates than competing cells
C) within a population, replicator sequences carried by cells that survive, grow, and or reproduce at higher rates will increase relative to replicator sequences carried by competing cells
D) a and b
E) b and c

ANSWER= B

25
Q

Which statement accurately describes evolution?

A

A) within a population, cells interact with physical and biological aspects of their enviroment
B) within a population, cells that interact with their environment well will tend to survive, grow, and reproduce st higher rates than competing cells
C) within a population, replicator sequences carried by cells that survive, grow, and or reproduce at higher rates will increase relative to replicator sequences carried by competing cells
D) a and b
E) b and c

ANSWER= C

26
Q

Which statement accurately describes evolution by natural selection?

A

A) within a population, cells interact with physical and biological aspects of their enviroment
B) within a population, cells that interact with their environment well will tend to survive, grow, and reproduce st higher rates than competing cells
C) within a population, replicator sequences carried by cells that survive, grow, and or reproduce at higher rates will increase relative to replicator sequences carried by competing cells
D) a and b
E) b and c

ANSWER= E

27
Q

Which statement accurately describes an element?

A

A) an element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances via chemical reactions
B) an element is a substance that can be broken down into simpler substances via chemical reactions
C) an element consists of two or more elements in a fixed ratio
D) a and b
E) b and c

ANSWER= A

28
Q

Which statement accurately describes a compound?

A

A) a compound is a substance that Cabot be broken down into simpler substances via chemical reactions
B) a compound is a substance that can be broken down into simpler substances via chemical reactions
C) a compound consists of two or more elements in a fixed ratio
D) a and b
E) b and c

ANSWER= E

29
Q

Which element is not an important element in living systems such as a cell?

A 
A) carbón
B) hydrogen 
C) nitrogen
D)oxygen
E) none of the above, they are all important

ANSWER= E

30
Q

The atomic number of an element describes how many ________ and _______ an electrically neutral atom of that element contains

A

A) protons and neutrons
B) protons and electrons
C) neutrons and electrons
D) all of the above

ANSWER= B

31
Q

The mass number of an element describes how many ________ and _______ an electrically neutral atom of that element contains

A

A) protons and neutrons
B) protons and electrons
C) neutrons and electrons
D) all of the above

ANSWER= A

32
Q

How many protons does a typical phosphorous atom (symbol p) have?

A

A) 7
B) 14
C)30
D)15

ANSWER= D

33
Q

How many electrons does a typical phosphorous atom have?

A

A) 7
B) 14
C) 30
D) 15

ANSWER= D

34
Q

How many neutrons does a typical phosphorous atom have?

A

A) 14
B) 15
C) 16
D) 30

ANSWER= C

35
Q

How many valence electrons does phosphorus have?

A

A) 4
B) 5
C) 6
D) 7

ANSWER= B

36
Q

Which shell are phosphorous valence electrons located in?

A

A) the first
B) the second
C) the third
D) the fourth

ANSWER= C

37
Q

How many unpaired electrons are there in a phosphorous valence shell?

A

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

ANSWER= C

38
Q

Nitrogen has three isotopes. How do isotopes of the same element differ from each other?

A

A) they have different numbers of protons
B) they have different numbers of electrons
C)they have different numbers of neutrons
D) they have different electron configurations

ANSWER= C

Bio 189 (2 decks)

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