Exam 1 (Except Maxillary and Madibular Divison) Flashcards
What does the olfactory epithelium line with a thin layer of mucus
The superior nasal concha
What do olfactory hairs function as
Receptors
The central processes (axons) of 10-20 olfactory nerves convey info where
The olfactory bulbs
T/F: OIfactory neuron axons are unmyelinated, but still covered by Schwann cells
True
What are formed at the synapses of Olfactory n. axons and the dendrites of mitral cells
Synaptic glomeruli
Are mitral cells covered by Schwann cells and myelin
Yes
Where are the cell bodies of mitral cells located
In the olfactory bulb
At the anterior perforated substance, what happens to mitral cell tract fibers
The split into medial and lateral olfactory striae
What is the course of the Medial stria fibers
Cross the midline via ant. commissure and travel to the opposite olfactory bulb
Where do Lateral stria fibers end up
Carry info to primary olfactory cortex on the medial aspect of the temporal lobe
What makes up the Primary Olfactory Complex
Periamygdaloid and prepiriform area including the uncus (Bdmn. area 34)
What is significant about olfactory and mitral fibers
The DO NOT pass through the Thalamus. They go directly to the cortex
What does the outermost layer (Fibrous tunic) of the eye consist of
Sclera and Cornea
What does the Middle layer (Vascular tunic) of the eye consist of
Ciliary Body, Iris, and Choroid
How many layers does the innermost layer (retina) of the eye have
10 (PAGE 174)
What are the 2 types of Photoreceptors
Rods and Cones
What are the 3 types of cones
Red, Green, Blue
Where are cones more concentrated
Toward the center of the retina (Fovea centralis is all cones)
What is the MC color blindness
Red/Green
Which gender is typically affected by colorblindness more
Males
What do rods sense, and where are they more concentrated
Only light vs. dark. Periphery of retina is almost all rods
Where are bipolar cell bodies found
Inner nuclear layer
Where does the synapse btwn. Bipolar and Ganglion cells occur
Inner plexiform layer
Where do axons from ganglion cells go to
The optic disc to be carried in the optic nerve
Where do the optic nerves enter the skull
The optic canal. They unite to form the optic chiasma
Are optic nerve axons myelinated
Yes
What cells form the myelin for the optic nerve
Oligodendrocytes
Why do oligodendrocytes form the myelin for the optic nerve
Because it is a CNS structure
What happens to the medial and lateral fibers of the optic nerves within the optic chiasma
Medial will cross, lateral will not cross
What 2 m. are influenced by the Tectospinal tract
SCM and Trapezius
Where do a majority of fibers of the optic tract synapse
In the Lateral geniculate body, then relayed to Bdmn. area 17 in the occipital lobe
Where do fibers that take info to tectospinal tract sypnapse (which nucleus)
Superior colliculus
Where do the fibers that deal with light reflexes synapse (which nucleus)
Pretectal nucleus
How many neurons are in the vision pathway
4
What would a lesion in the optic nerve cause
Loss of vision in that eye
What would a lesion in the decussating fibers of the optic chiasma
Tunnel vision
What would a lesion of the optic tract cause
Loss of half of visual field
How would you test the Afferent only component of Direct and consensual light reflexes
Pen/Flashlight
How would you test the Afferent only component of the accommodation reflex
Changing shape of the lens (looking at something up close and far away)
How would you test the Afferent only component of Corneal reflex
Blink and flinch (cotton ball to eye very lightly)
How would you test the Afferent only component of Convergence
Look at a pen as draws nearer to face
What n. supplies the levator palpebrae superioris
Oculomotor n.
