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Pharmacotherapy 2 > Exam 1 Drugs > Flashcards

Exam 1 Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Sympatholytic agents

A 
Interfere with sympathetic control of blood pressure (decreases CCA release)
CNS
Arterioles A1
Venules A1
Heart B1
JGA B1
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2
Q

Vasodilators

A 
Relax arterial vascular smooth muscle
Target arterioles (can also relax veins)
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3
Q

Vasopeptidase Inhibitors

A

Inhibit angiotensin 2 formation (or receptor actions)

Inhibit metabolism of endogenous vasodilator and natriuretic peptides (stop breakdown of bradykinin and NP)

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4
Q

Diuretics

A

Inhibit renal absorption of sodium and water

promote Na excretion and water removal

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5
Q

A1

A

on blood vessels (constriction)

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6
Q

A2

A

Sympathetic nerves (decrease NE)

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7
Q

B1

A

heart (increase HR, increase contractility)

JGA (increase renin)

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8
Q

B2

A

Blood vessels (relax)

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9
Q

Clonidine

A

A2 adrenoceptor agonist in CNS and periphery

Sympatholytic centrally acting

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10
Q

Methyldopa

A

A2 adrenoceptor agonist in CNS

Sympatholytic centrally acting

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11
Q

Moxonidine,

Rilmenidine

A

Imidazoline I1 agonist in CNS
A2 adrenoceptor agonist in CNS and periphery

Sympatholytic centrally acting

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12
Q

Reserpine

A

Inhibits VMAT2
Decreases uptake of NE, DA, 5HT so they get degraded

Sympatholytic Adrenergic neuron-blocking

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13
Q

Prazosin,
Terazosin,
Doxazosin,
Trimazosin

A

Blocks vasoconstrictor effects of CCA on arterioles and veins

Sympatholytic A1 adrenoceptor antagonists

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14
Q

-olol

A

Block B receptors (selective vs nonselective)

Sympatholytic B adrenoceptor antagonists

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15
Q

Nadolol

A

Non-selective B blocker

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16
Q

Propranolol

A

non-selective B blocker

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17
Q

Timolol

A

Non-selective B blocker

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18
Q

Atenolol

A

B1 selective B blocker

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19
Q

Bisoprolol

A

B1 selective B blocker

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20
Q

Metoprolol

A

B1 selective B blocker

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21
Q

Carteolol

A

Non selective + ISA

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22
Q

Penbutolol

A

Non selective + ISA

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23
Q

Pindolol

A

Non selective + ISA

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24
Q

Acebutolol

A

B1 selective + ISA

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25
Carvedolol
B blocking + A antagonist
26
Labetalol
B blocking + A antagonist
27
Nevibolol
B1 + releases NO
28
Verapamil | Diltiazem
Blockade of L-type VOCC Arteriolar dilation and depresses heart Vasodilator Calcium Channel Antagonist
29
``` Dihydropyridines Amlodipine Felodipine Isradipine Nicardipine Nifedipine Nimodipine Nisoldipine ```
Blockade of L-type VOCC Arteriolar dilation Vasodilator Calcium Channel Antagonist
30
Hydralazine
Hyperpolarization of vascular smooth muscle by activating K channel, relaxes arteriolar smooth muscle by endothelium dependent NO release Vasodilator
31
Minoxidil
ATP sensitive K channel activation to inhibit VOCC which relaxes arteriolar smooth muscle Vasodilator
32
-pril
Inhibits angiotensin 2 formation and prevents bradykinin degradation Vasodilator ACE Inhibitor
33
Catopril
ACE inhibitor
34
Lisinopril
ACE inhibitor
35
Enalapril
ACE inhibitor
36
Enalaprilat
ACE inhibitor
37
Moexapril
ACE inhibitor
38
Perinodopril
ACE inhibitor
39
Benazepril
ACE inhibitor
40
Fosinopril
ACE inhibitor
41
Perindopril
ACE inhibitor
42
Quinapril
ACE inhibitor
43
Ramipril
ACE inhibitor
44
Trandolapril
ACE inhibitor
45
-artan
Inhibits angiotensin 2 type 1 receptors Vasodilator Angiotensin 2 Receptor Antagonist (ARBs)
46
Losartan
ARB
47
Irbesartan
ARB
48
Candesartan
ARB
49
Olmesartan
ARB
50
Valsartan
ARB
51
Telmisartan
ARB
52
Eprosartan
ARB
53
Azilsartan
ARB
54
Omapatrilat
Inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme and neutral endopeptidase (ACE + NEP) Vasodilator Vasopeptidase Inhibitor
55
Aliskiren
Blocks Renin from converting angiotensinogen to angiotensin 1 Vasodilator Renin Inhibitor
56
Ambrisentan | Bosentan
Blocks ETa receptor (blocks vasoconstriction) Vasodilator Endothelin Receptor Antagonist
57
Acetazolamide
CA inhibitor
58
Dorzolamide
CA inhibitor
59
Brinzolamide
CA inhibitor
60
Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors
Block CA, this increases bicarb in tubule lumen which inhibits Na/H exchange and therefore decreases fluid retnetion
61
Furosemide
Loop diuretic
62
Bumetanide
Loop diuretic
63
Torsemide
Loop diuretic
64
Loop diuretic
Inhibits Na/K/2Cl symporter which increases concentrations in lumen (urine), does not allow medullary interstitium to become hypertonic and this blocks the kidney's ability to concentrate urine
65
Chlorothiazide | Hydrochlorothiazide
Thiazide diuretic
66
Chlorthalidone
Thiazide diuretic
67
Indapamide
Thiazide diuretic
68
Metolazone
Thiazide diuretic
69
Thiazide diuretic
Inhibits Na/Cl symporter which increases concentrations in lumen (urine), blocks kidney's ability to dilute urine (can still concentrate urine)
70
Amiloride | Triamterene
K sparing diuretics
71
K sparing diuretics
Inhibit the Na influx through ion channels in the luminal membrane of the collecting tubules
72
Sprionolactone | Epleronone
Aldosteorne Antagonists
73
Aldosterone antagonists
Competitively inhibit the binding of aldosterone to mineralocorticoid receptors preventing the transcription and translation of aldosterone induced proteins
74
Bisoprolol | Starting Dose and Target Dose
1.25mg qd | 10mg qd
75
Carvedilol | Starting Dose and Target Dose
3.125 mg BID | 25-50 mg BID
76
Metoprolol XL | Starting Dose and Target Dose
12.5-25 mg qd | 200 mg qd
77
Hypertensive Urgency Drugs
``` Captopril Clonidine Labetalol Nicardipine Minoxidil ```
78
Aortic Dissection Drugs
Nitroprusside Esmolol Nicardipine Labetalol
79
Angina; MI drugs
Nitroglycerin + esmolol or metoprolol* Labetalol Avoid nitroprusside
80
Acute pulmonary edema; L ventricular failure drugs
Nitroprusside* Nitroglycerin Loop diuretics Avoid Non-DHP CCBs and Beta-blockers
81
Acute renal failure drugs
Nicardipine Fenoldopam Avoid nitroprusside or enalaprilat
82
Cocaine overdose; sympahtetic crisis drugs
``` Nicardipine Nitroprusside* Phentolamine Nitroglycerin Avoid beta-selective blockers ```
83
Phenochromocytoma drugs
Nitroprusside* Phentolamine Fenoldopam Avoid beta-selective blockers
84
Hypertensive encephalopathy; intracranial hemorrhage; subarachnoid hemorrhage; thrombotic stroke
Nicardipine Labetolol Nitroprusside* Avoid clonidine
85
Pre-eclampsia; eclampsia
Labetalol* | Nicardipine*

Pharmacotherapy 2 (3 decks)

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