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Pharmacotherapy 2 > Exam 1 Drugs > Flashcards

Exam 1 Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Sympatholytic agents

A 
Interfere with sympathetic control of blood pressure (decreases CCA release)
CNS
Arterioles A1
Venules A1
Heart B1
JGA B1
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2
Q

Vasodilators

A 
Relax arterial vascular smooth muscle
Target arterioles (can also relax veins)
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3
Q

Vasopeptidase Inhibitors

A

Inhibit angiotensin 2 formation (or receptor actions)

Inhibit metabolism of endogenous vasodilator and natriuretic peptides (stop breakdown of bradykinin and NP)

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4
Q

Diuretics

A

Inhibit renal absorption of sodium and water

promote Na excretion and water removal

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5
Q

A1

A

on blood vessels (constriction)

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6
Q

A2

A

Sympathetic nerves (decrease NE)

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7
Q

B1

A

heart (increase HR, increase contractility)

JGA (increase renin)

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8
Q

B2

A

Blood vessels (relax)

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9
Q

Clonidine

A

A2 adrenoceptor agonist in CNS and periphery

Sympatholytic centrally acting

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10
Q

Methyldopa

A

A2 adrenoceptor agonist in CNS

Sympatholytic centrally acting

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11
Q

Moxonidine,

Rilmenidine

A

Imidazoline I1 agonist in CNS
A2 adrenoceptor agonist in CNS and periphery

Sympatholytic centrally acting

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12
Q

Reserpine

A

Inhibits VMAT2
Decreases uptake of NE, DA, 5HT so they get degraded

Sympatholytic Adrenergic neuron-blocking

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13
Q

Prazosin,
Terazosin,
Doxazosin,
Trimazosin

A

Blocks vasoconstrictor effects of CCA on arterioles and veins

Sympatholytic A1 adrenoceptor antagonists

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14
Q

-olol

A

Block B receptors (selective vs nonselective)

Sympatholytic B adrenoceptor antagonists

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15
Q

Nadolol

A

Non-selective B blocker

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16
Q

Propranolol

A

non-selective B blocker

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17
Q

Timolol

A

Non-selective B blocker

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18
Q

Atenolol

A

B1 selective B blocker

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19
Q

Bisoprolol

A

B1 selective B blocker

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20
Q

Metoprolol

A

B1 selective B blocker

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21
Q

Carteolol

A

Non selective + ISA

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22
Q

Penbutolol

A

Non selective + ISA

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23
Q

Pindolol

A

Non selective + ISA

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24
Q

Acebutolol

A

B1 selective + ISA

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25
Q

Carvedolol

A

B blocking + A antagonist

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26
Q

Labetalol

A

B blocking + A antagonist

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27
Q

Nevibolol

A

B1 + releases NO

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28
Q

Verapamil

Diltiazem

A

Blockade of L-type VOCC
Arteriolar dilation and depresses heart

Vasodilator Calcium Channel Antagonist

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29
Q 
Dihydropyridines
Amlodipine
Felodipine
Isradipine
Nicardipine
Nifedipine
Nimodipine
Nisoldipine
A

Blockade of L-type VOCC
Arteriolar dilation

Vasodilator Calcium Channel Antagonist

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30
Q

Hydralazine

A

Hyperpolarization of vascular smooth muscle by activating K channel, relaxes arteriolar smooth muscle by endothelium dependent NO release

Vasodilator

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31
Q

Minoxidil

A

ATP sensitive K channel activation to inhibit VOCC which relaxes arteriolar smooth muscle

Vasodilator

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32
Q

-pril

A

Inhibits angiotensin 2 formation and prevents bradykinin degradation

Vasodilator
ACE Inhibitor

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33
Q

Catopril

A

ACE inhibitor

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34
Q

Lisinopril

A

ACE inhibitor

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35
Q

Enalapril

A

ACE inhibitor

36
Q

Enalaprilat

A

ACE inhibitor

37
Q

Moexapril

A

ACE inhibitor

38
Q

Perinodopril

A

ACE inhibitor

39
Q

Benazepril

A

ACE inhibitor

40
Q

Fosinopril

A

ACE inhibitor

41
Q

Perindopril

A

ACE inhibitor

42
Q

Quinapril

A

ACE inhibitor

43
Q

Ramipril

A

ACE inhibitor

44
Q

Trandolapril

A

ACE inhibitor

45
Q

-artan

A

Inhibits angiotensin 2 type 1 receptors

Vasodilator Angiotensin 2 Receptor Antagonist (ARBs)

46
Q

Losartan

A

ARB

47
Q

Irbesartan

A

ARB

48
Q

Candesartan

A

ARB

49
Q

Olmesartan

A

ARB

50
Q

Valsartan

A

ARB

51
Q

Telmisartan

A

ARB

52
Q

Eprosartan

A

ARB

53
Q

Azilsartan

A

ARB

54
Q

Omapatrilat

A

Inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme and neutral endopeptidase (ACE + NEP)

Vasodilator Vasopeptidase Inhibitor

55
Q

Aliskiren

A

Blocks Renin from converting angiotensinogen to angiotensin 1

Vasodilator Renin Inhibitor

56
Q

Ambrisentan

Bosentan

A

Blocks ETa receptor (blocks vasoconstriction)

Vasodilator Endothelin Receptor Antagonist

57
Q

Acetazolamide

A

CA inhibitor

58
Q

Dorzolamide

A

CA inhibitor

59
Q

Brinzolamide

A

CA inhibitor

60
Q

Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors

A

Block CA, this increases bicarb in tubule lumen which inhibits Na/H exchange and therefore decreases fluid retnetion

61
Q

Furosemide

A

Loop diuretic

62
Q

Bumetanide

A

Loop diuretic

63
Q

Torsemide

A

Loop diuretic

64
Q

Loop diuretic

A

Inhibits Na/K/2Cl symporter which increases concentrations in lumen (urine), does not allow medullary interstitium to become hypertonic and this blocks the kidney’s ability to concentrate urine

65
Q

Chlorothiazide

Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Thiazide diuretic

66
Q

Chlorthalidone

A

Thiazide diuretic

67
Q

Indapamide

A

Thiazide diuretic

68
Q

Metolazone

A

Thiazide diuretic

69
Q

Thiazide diuretic

A

Inhibits Na/Cl symporter which increases concentrations in lumen (urine), blocks kidney’s ability to dilute urine (can still concentrate urine)

70
Q

Amiloride

Triamterene

A

K sparing diuretics

71
Q

K sparing diuretics

A

Inhibit the Na influx through ion channels in the luminal membrane of the collecting tubules

72
Q

Sprionolactone

Epleronone

A

Aldosteorne Antagonists

73
Q

Aldosterone antagonists

A

Competitively inhibit the binding of aldosterone to mineralocorticoid receptors preventing the transcription and translation of aldosterone induced proteins

74
Q

Bisoprolol

Starting Dose and Target Dose

A

1.25mg qd

10mg qd

75
Q

Carvedilol

Starting Dose and Target Dose

A

3.125 mg BID

25-50 mg BID

76
Q

Metoprolol XL

Starting Dose and Target Dose

A

12.5-25 mg qd

200 mg qd

77
Q

Hypertensive Urgency Drugs

A 
Captopril
Clonidine
Labetalol
Nicardipine
Minoxidil
78
Q

Aortic Dissection Drugs

A

Nitroprusside
Esmolol
Nicardipine
Labetalol

79
Q

Angina; MI drugs

A

Nitroglycerin + esmolol or metoprolol*
Labetalol
Avoid nitroprusside

80
Q

Acute pulmonary edema; L ventricular failure drugs

A

Nitroprusside*
Nitroglycerin
Loop diuretics
Avoid Non-DHP CCBs and Beta-blockers

81
Q

Acute renal failure drugs

A

Nicardipine
Fenoldopam
Avoid nitroprusside or enalaprilat

82
Q

Cocaine overdose; sympahtetic crisis drugs

A 
Nicardipine
Nitroprusside*
Phentolamine
Nitroglycerin
Avoid beta-selective blockers
83
Q

Phenochromocytoma drugs

A

Nitroprusside*
Phentolamine
Fenoldopam
Avoid beta-selective blockers

84
Q

Hypertensive encephalopathy; intracranial hemorrhage; subarachnoid hemorrhage; thrombotic stroke

A

Nicardipine
Labetolol
Nitroprusside*
Avoid clonidine

85
Q

Pre-eclampsia; eclampsia

A

Labetalol*

Nicardipine*

Pharmacotherapy 2 (3 decks)

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