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Pharmacology 283 > Exam 1 Drugs > Flashcards

Exam 1 Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Buproprion

Category, I, CI, route, SE

A

behavioral antidepressant/smoking cessation
I: Short terms withdrawal
SE: dry mouth/insomnia
CI: history of seizures/use of CNS stims

*Prion=brain= CNS stims
*pro+ also antidepressant
Pr.pr+ can’t speak, seizures
smoke=dry. can’t sleep when withdrawal

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2
Q

Varenicline

Category, MOA, I, SE, AE

A 
Cat: substance abuse/ nicotine
MOA: nicotine receptor/partial agonist 
I: short term relapse
SE: htn/hyperglycemia
AE: depression/suicidal ideation/N/V

***inclined….to kill self
varys (GOT)-> not actually an antagonist, an agonist!
varys=fat-> hyperglycemia, and high BP (HTN)
GOT suicide

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3
Q

PRN Nicotine

Cat, I, CI, NI, route

A

Cat: nicotine
Ro: lozenge/patch/gum
I: short term withdrawal
CI: other replacement therapy, pregnancy/lactation
NI: avoid eating/drinking 15 mins before the lozenge
-avoid >20 in 24hrs
AE: patch: skin rxn

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4
Q

Chlordiazepoxide

Cat, MOA

A

Alcohol withdrawal
Cat: benzodiazepine (scheduled and PRN)
MOA: CNS suppressant

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5
Q

Disulfiram

use, ma, AE, route

A

Use: behavioral anti etoh (NOT for acute detox)
MA: PO daily
AE: if with alcohol: flushing, tachycardia, hypotension, weakness, cardio collapse, seizure, death

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6
Q

Vitamin A

Def, I, CI, MR

A

Fat soluble Vitamins, skin
Fat malabsorption, skin problems
CI: parental during pregnancy (X)
MR: PO/IM, topical (acne/wrinkles)

A=parenteral, not during preg

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7
Q

Vitamin E

Def, I, MR

A

Fat soluble vitamin (antioxidant)
I: low birth weight (hemolysis), topical: irritated/chapped lips/mucous membranes
MR: PO/topical

*E-emo=hemolysis babies

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8
Q

Phytonadione

A 
Vit K (fat-soluble),  CLOTTING
MOA: active vit K
I: reversal for warfarin
MA: PO/SQ/IV
NI: AVOID IV if possible (extravasation)

K=Klotting
clots dont pass through IV

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9
Q

Calcitriol

def, MOA, I, SE, MA

A

Vit D (fat-soluble), inc absorption of others. RENAL
MOA: inc absorption of Ca++/phos
I: hypocalcemia in ESRD, hypoparathyroidism (it d deficiency), psoriasis,
SE: dizziness/vertigo (FALL), metallic taste, hyperphosphatemia
MA: PO/IV/Topical
??inc breakdown of bone??

Ca&D
tree= FALL
calc= metal
wont get much D with psoriasis
inc absorp -> hyper phos
triol=renal
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10
Q

Ascorbic Acid

def, I, CI, SE, NI

A

Vit C (water sol) Protects body
I: scurvy/alcohol abuse
CI: DM, lactation, renal calculi, anemia
SE: dec effects warfarin, renal calculi, crystalluria, hyperuricemia (gout)

helps Iron

*aSC=SCurvy (eat fruits and veggies avoid sugar/alcohol)
CI: DM, bc makes sugar weird
Scurvy=pirates, pirates want crystalluria. Pirates work together= joint. Hyperuricemia. Pirates are calcuated= renal calculi
anemia/warfarin?

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11
Q

Folic Acid

def, I, CI, PE

A

Active B9 (water-soluble)- anemia/neural tube. BLOOD.
I: B9 def, macrocytic anemia, malabsorption, ETOH, all women childbearing (neural tube defect)
CI: methotrexate/sulfonamides
PE: liver, leafy greens, citrus

nine. anemia
ACID=ABX

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12
Q

cyancobalamin

def, I, MA, MI, PE

A

B12- water-soluble. anemia/metabolism. Neuro/DNA synth.
I: B12 def, macrocytic anemia, malabsorption
SE; Hypokalemia (bc inc RBC)
MA: PO, SQ, IM, IV, IN
NI: Monitor HR, K+ levels
PE: eat dairy

Beatles: lots of dairy (white)
MA: beatles are always good

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13
Q

Ferrous sulfate/iron sucrose

def, I, SE, MA, NI, IN

A

iron micromineral, (blood, growth-enzymes)
I: iron-deficient anemia (temporary), growth (child), blood loss, CKD/ESRD
SE: constipation, black stool, liquid PO stains teeth
MA: PO (ferrous), IV/IM (iron sucrose)
NI: with food (avoid N/heartburn)
IN: antacids/abx dec absorption, vit c inc absorption

Iron= black. stool=constipation. charcoal=stains teeth
iron= strong alone- no antacids/abx
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14
Q

MVI

def, CI

A

Fat sol, Bs, Ca++, Mg++

CI: CKD, pregnancy

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15
Q

Modified MVI (neprhocap)

A

no minerals

I: CKD/ dialysis

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16
Q

Bananabag

def, I, MA

A

I: ETOH abuse, CNS damage
-thiamin (B1), B9 folic acid, MVI, minerals
MA: IV

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17
Q

Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate

def, I, MA, NI

A

def: potass binder (long term)
I: hyperkalemia
MA: PO/PR
NI: I/Os, neuro changes, ECG

hyperkalemia–electrolytes, anything with charge: ECG/neuro.

potass-> pss

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18
Q

Insulin D50

Def, MOA, I, MA, NI

A 
Def: short term hyperkalemia
MOA: shifts K+ into cell
I: hyperkalemia
MA: IV push
NI: I/Os, neuro, ecg
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19
Q

sodium bicarb

def, MOA, MA, NI

A

def: short term hyperkalemia
MOA: K+ shifts into cell
MA: IV
NI: I/Os, neuro, ECG

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20
Q

Potassium Chloride/Potassium Phosphate

def, I, SE, MA, NI

A 
def: hypokalemia
I: hypokalemia
SE: phlebitis
MA: PO (dilute powder)/IV (infused slowly) 
NEVER IV PUSH
NI: ECG, dysrhythmia

*P Ch= push. never push

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21
Q

Magnesium Oxide

I, se, ma, ni, pe

A 
Mag up, Body down
I: hypomagnesia. Laxative and antacid.
SE: diarrhea, dysthymia, resp depression, depressed DTR
MA: PO
NI: I/O, HR
PE: whole grain cereals/nuts

ox=lax
mmmm=food

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22
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

I, se, ma, ni, pe

A

Mag up, body down
I: dysrythmia, preterm labor, preeclampsia, eclampsia, convulsions, hypomagnesia
SE; diarrhea, dysthymia, resp depression, depressed DTR
MA: IV/IM
NI: I/O, HR. rhythm
PE: whole grain cereals/nuts

*magneSIA= eclampSIA
Suffer without cereal

23
Q

Calcium citrate/calcium carbonate

i, se, ma, ni

A

Ca up, body down
I: hypocalcemia, supplement for preg/lact, peds, postmenopausal, tetany, GERD/PUS
SE: constipation, renal calculi, milk-alkali syndrome, hypercalcemia
MA: PO
NI: with vit D for inc absorption, Excersize, water, move for constipation
-monitor for brady// dec BP/hypotonia/weakness

*Calcium= basic. less acidity for GERD/PUS
stops you up

24
Q

Calcium Chloride

def, i, SE, ni

A

RESCUE
I: CARDIAC ARREST, low ca, emergency high K/Mg
SE: extravasation/constipation/renal calculi/milk alkali
NI: monitor ca, HR
reversal for hypercalcemia/D

k (potassium)- basic- renal calculi/constipation/milk alkali

25
alendronate/ibandronate | I, CI, MA, NI, PE, IN
``` MOA: inhibits resorption of bone- osteoclast activity I: osteoporosis CI: dysphagia, retrosternal pain, heartburn MA; PO SE: low CA++ (check before dose) NI: esoph irritation (sit up) PE: exercise, avoid alcohol IN: photosensitivity ``` ibandronate: PO/IV * drones: strong bones. drones never lie down. always are exercising. don't drink ETOH
26
sevelamer/calcium acetate | MOA, I, NI
MOA: binds phosphate. too acidic. I: ALL RF NI: only with food (PRN)
27
D5W/PPN | I, NI
I: parenteral nutrition, short term NI: I/o, electrolyte, CMP, RF, weight, breath sounds
28
TPN | I, MA, NI
long term nutrition central IV NI: I/O, electrolyte, cmp, RF, weight, breath sounds
29
Lactobaciliius acidophilus | MOA, I, CI
MOAL probiotics I: antibiotics CI; lactose intolerance
30
Nystatin | def, I, AR, MA, PE
def: antmycotic I: thrush SE; flushing, fever, chills, headache, phelbitis AR: neurotox, hepatotox, neprhotox, leukjocytopenia, thrombocytopenia MA: swish and swalow, Intravagina, topical PE: treatment adherence staten island-> small penises stat island-> v toxic
31
metroNIDIZOLE/tiNIDIZOLE | def, I,CI, se, ni, in
antimalarial I: c-diff/protozoa infection CI: preg/lact SE; hepato/nephro/ototoxicity, dysrhythmia, retinal damage, AMS, dark urine, neurotox, poor taste NI: always r/o c-diff before (want to clear out GI), urine, eat In: disulfiram. MANY FATAL. ``` DI: diff DI: disulfiram urine N word= toxic tox N= dark ```
32
``` Cillins types (diff), SE, NI ,PE, in ```
``` against bacteria with no B lactam Narrow: pennicillin Broad: ampi/amoxi/methi SE: cross allergy with ceph AR: hepato/nephro NI: liver/kidney fxn, monitor for high Na/K PE: avoid acidic fruits IN: acetaminophen and NSAIDS compete (toxicity) -lowers warfarin -lowers OC ``` ill= bad=competition acet/nsaids nsaid what? dicks warfarIN/cillIN oC-C. penis
33
Cephs | I, ci, se, ni ,in
I: G-/anaerobic bacterial infection (with B lact resistance). stronger, crossing BBB CI: penicillin/AC SE: coagulopathy, diarrhea NI: bleeding, bruising, diarrhea (test for c-diff( In: disulfiram rxn, no warfarin ciff->cdiff cid=co (work together) cif=no drinking together
34
Panem/nams | I, ci, se, ma, ni, in
``` panem=broad, nam= narrow I: resistance for B lactam.. SERIOUS CI: cross sensitivty cillins/cephs, C-diff SE: diarrhea, nephro/neurotox MA: parenteral ``` In: valproic acid: seizsures PANEM= big/serious hunger games panem seized contraband. Excretion and brain. top and bottom
35
VANcomycin | def, CI, SE, NI
abx CI: VRE/VRSA, preg/lact SE: toxicity, red man syndrome, steven johnson NI: close serum monitoring (high trough) ``` Van gogh. think of men. high trauma (ear) ```
36
tetraCYCLINE (doxy/mino) | def, se, ma, ni, pe, in
``` abx CI: X in 1st trimester SE: esoph irritation (sit up) MA: PO/topical/IV/IM NI: drug and light, water PE: avoid dairy, take laxatives (mg), stains teeth IN; PHOTOSENSITIVITY, oc ``` line=light cyc=sick (dairy) /esoph irr/ stains teeth cyclic: 1st trimester
37
AZITHROmycin/erythromycin | I, NI, IN
I: bacterial, 2: antifungal NI: dysrhythmia, hepato, oto In; benzos, antihistamin, digoxin, warfarin, theophyline (CNS stim), Carbamazepine, phenytoin. BADWTCPH AZ BADWTCPH
38
ciproFLOXACIN, levoFLOXACIN | MOA, I, CI, SE, NI, IN
abx, broad spectrum MOA: bactericidal I: severe infection CI: preg, lact, peds <18 mos SE: ACHILLES/tendinitis, crystalluria, seizure, oral diabetic agents (monitor low BG), bleeding NI: monitor low BG IN: dec effect of phenytoin (seizures), inc warfarin, OC, inc oral diabetics (monitor BG) INteractions: toIN, warfarIN F=ph fuck=war
39
Gentamicin (tobramicin) | CI, SE< ME, NI, IN
CI: PREG/LACT SE: bleeding, NM block (resp depression) ME: enteral (empty stomach) NI: organ tox, empty stomach (PEAK TROPH) IN: muscle relacants, anesthsis, MG (causes neuromuscular block). inc AC (bleeding) gent -> gentle -> preg/lact ent-> enteral empt: empty stomach gent: men are always RELAXED, and ANESTHETIZED to the world no connection btw MUSCLES and NEURO
40
RIF
``` antitubercular orange output (PO/IV) I: tuberculosis CI: RF, lact, ETOH. MA: empty stomach NI: monitor weight, ct pregnancy PE: 6 mo-2 yrs ``` rifle=hunting=orange vest
41
INH
``` antitubercular neurotox (paresthesia)- give B6, avoid foods with tyramine/histamine (tana/cheese/wine( PO/IV I: tuberculosis CI: RF, lact, ETOH. MA: empty stomach NI: monitor weight, ct pregnancy PE: 6 mo-2 yrs ```
42
PZA
``` PO non-goutypolyarthalgia. inc fluids I: tuberculosis CI: RF, lact, ETOH. MA: empty stomach NI: monitor weight, ct pregnancy PE: 6 mo-2 yrs ``` PA=Polyarthalgia
43
EMB
``` PO ocular tox (stop imm!) check /month vision I: tuberculosis CI: RF, lact, ETOH. MA: empty stomach NI: monitor weight, ct pregnancy PE: 6 mo-2 yrs ``` EMergengy to lose vision
44
Amphotericin B | def, I, CI, SE, AR< MA< NI, PE
antimycotic I: systemic fungal infection MA: IV amphibian=fungal
45
fluCONAZOLE, miCONAZOLE | def, CI, SE< AR< MA, NI, PE
local antimycotic MA: IV/PO/intravag * *con+ against, all the toxicities * *con: work with =premedicate
46
amantadine
I: parkinsons (also Flu- not recommended) SE: nausea **parkinsons= a man nauseous from men
47
oseltamiVIR | def, SE, NI
antivira;: flu A/B SE: GI,self injury, delirium, RF NI: w/in 48 hrs exposure VIR=VR: reality/delirium VR -> RF VIR=3, Flu=3
48
aCYCLOVIR, valaCYCLOVIR | def, moa, I, se, ma, NI
antiviral: herpes MOA: interrupts DNA synthesis (not for LATENT) I: herpes SE: malaise, N/V/D, gingival hyperplasia (check gums), neprho/hepatotox, cns MA: PO/IV/top (use gloves) NI: check gums LOVER= nice mouth -> check gums, herpes Cycle: interrupts active DNA synth
49
hydroxychloroquine sulfate
antimalarial I: malaria Off label: RA/LUPUS loopy if for lupus (ie Trump), he's Republican
50
Mebendazole/ ivermectin | SE, MA, PE
antihelminth (topical for lice) SE: Gi distress, drowsiness, HA, weakness MA: PO/topical PE: no driving (dizziness), wash hands, sleep alone helminth: HT in it, GI, wash hands, sleep alone, helmet for driving
51
bethanechol | def, I, CI, SE, NI
Cat: direct acting parasympathomimetic (cholinergic) urinary stim I: HYPOTONIC bladder, urinary retention, neurogenic bladder MOA: detrusor inc CI: peptic ulcer SE: cholinergic: GI distress dizziness, fainting (HR/BP) NI: take on EMPTY STOM * beth= don't pee much * beth= always cold (Chol) * beth= not peppy. CI=peptic ulcer
52
oxybutynin | MOA, I, CI, SE
``` urinary spasmodic MOA: anticholinergenic. relaxes detrusor I: OVERACTIVE bladder CI: glaucoma, BPH SE: anticholinergic: dizziness, tachycardia, fainting, blurred vision/photophobia, constipation ``` * BUT=beautiful= can't sett it with glaucoma. blurred vision/photophobia * Oxy= want to keep oxy in. so keep pee in.
53
phenazopyridine | MOA, I, SE, MA, NI
urinary analgesic MOA: local anesthetic I: relieves pain/burning with urination. use with cystitis SE: RED/orange urine, neprho/hepatotox, hemolysis MA: PO NI: urine color * pyridine: killed a lot of people building pyramids: hemolysis. blood is red. Urine is red. * phenzo=benzo=no pain
54
cholestyramine
cholesterol binder. prevents absorption of fat-soluble vitamins

Pharmacology 283 (6 decks)

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