EXAM 1 Definitions Flashcards
p value
the probability of obtaining the observatory results (or something more extreme) if the null hypothesis were true
null hypothesis
the parsimonious or “no effect” prediction (no biological mechanism)
type I statistical error
rejecting a true null hypothesis (“false positive”)
type II statistical error
accepting a false null hypothesis (“false negative”)
semelparous
all reproduction occurs in one age class (“big bang” reproduction)
iteroparous
repeated reproduction in two or more age classes
r-selection
conditions occur at bottom of logistic growth model when individuals are born in uncrowded conditions with unlimited resources
K-selection
occurs at top of logistic growth model when individuals are born in crowded conditions with limited resources
type I survivorship curve
high likelihood of survival at birth and chance of death increases with age
type II survivorship cure
chance of death is constant over lifetime
type III survivorship curve
high likelihood of death at birth and chance of death decreases proportionally with age
tragedy of the commons
overexploitation of an area for the benefit of individuals over the public
paradigm
a view of nature that implicitly defines legitimate questions and problems (theorized by Kuhn)
density dependence
as population size (N) increases, intrinsic birth rate (b) decreases and/or intrinsic death rate (d) increases
density independence
as population size (N) increases, intrinsic birth rate (b) and intrinsic death rate (d) do not change
