Exam #1 Condense Flashcards by Marissa Mendoza

What is Occupational Therapy?

holistic approach, client integrating in therapy

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What is Occupation as life itself?

it is everything

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What is occupations: both ordinary and special?

centered around individual and their values

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What is the difference of ADL and IADL?

ADL- things needed for everyday function

IADL- support daily living

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Occupation does what over time?

change

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Occupations can be what?

harmful or maladaptive

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What is occupation as a means and end?

End: goal or outcome
Means: the activity you are wanting to accomplish

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What is Ontology?

what is most real based on our core beliefs within the profession

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What is Axiology?

right actions we are taken towards values

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What is Epistemology?

the knowledge we have within the feild

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What is the Top down approach?

evaluates every aspect of the client

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What are the cornerstones of OT?

(K-CUP)
Knowledge 	
Core beliefs and values
Therapeutic use of self 
Professional behavior

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What is the way OT communicate:

client centered, occupations, interventions, gross motor, fine motor

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What is the ICF and its components?

ICF - international classification of function
- is the classification of function
- BABAPPIE
Body Function
Activities
Body Structures 
Activity Limitations
Participation 
Participation restrictions 
Impairments
Environmental factors

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What are the domains of occupation?

(OCPPC)
Occupation
Context
Performance patterns
Performance skills 
Client factors

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What are the components of the OTPF?

Process, domain, outcome

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What are the principle that guide the OT Practice?

(CEOC)
Client centered care
Evidence based 
Occupational centered
Culturally relative

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What are the 4 pillars of OT?

(Lace) 
Leadership
Accessibility 
Collaborative 
Effectiveness

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What are the major events of 1700-1899?

Age of enlightenment: challenge authority and conventional thinking
Birth of OT → world war 1
Arts and crafts movement
moral movement: made the change on how we view mental illness
Settlement house - created opportunity for everyone to recipe therapy

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What are the major events of 1900-1919?

Progressive era or social progress

settlement house movement: rich and the poor of society together in both physical proximity and social interconnectedness

OT was established as our own profession at Clifton Springs of 1917

19th amendment occurred
- Sets the stage for women to work

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What are the major events of 1920-1939?

Roaring 20s
Great depression
Treating polio

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What are the major events of 1940-1959?

World war 2 
GI Bill
Mental Health Act
Big Pharma became the norma of mental health treatment
COTA'S

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What are the major events of 1960-1979?

Civil rights movement
Medicare - medicaid
Advancements in OT
60s: legitimize profession, return us back to roots

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What are the major events of 1980-1999?

Digital tech
HIPPA
IDEA: individuals with disabilities education act

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What are the major events of 2000-Present?

Obama care - affordable care act COVID-19 Roe vs. Wade

John Locke

sensory learning and pragmatism

Phillippe Pinel

pioneer for humanitarian treatment in asylums

Adolf Meyer

improved mental illness (hull house) indidvualized treatment intro for OT to mental health made the distinguished connection between occupation and mental illness (went to hull house)

Herbert Hall:

work cure

Susan tracy

First OT book on therapeutic book of occupation and trained nurses in OT

Elenor Clark Slagle

first meeting, created national office, founder of AOTA

Karel and Berta Bobath

Neurodevelopmental treatment (NDT)

Col. Ruth A. Robinson

Helped army develop OT programs

Margaret Rood

Early Motor Control theorist/facilitation and rehab techniques/USC OT program

A. Jean Ayres

sensory integration

Ann Mosey

groups in therapy

Gail Fidler

used occupations as an emotional assessment | Book: Therapeutic Use of Self

Wilma L. West

Helped create first research journal

Elizabeth Yerxa

research that focuses on unique aspects of OT

``` Rapid growth Primitive reflexes/motor Supposed to disappear periodically through the first year Social skills Cognitive skills ```

Infancy

``` What setting is: NICU Diagnostic clinics Outpatient Home health Community-based programs ```

Infancy

Developmental tasks of infancy

``` Exploration phase Sleep/wake cycle Gross Motor Oral motor Language Fine motor Social Cognitive ```

What time period is Infancy?

Birth - 1 year

What time period is Early childhood?

1-6 years

What time period is Later childhood?

6-12 years

Play | School

Childhood

School-based OT | Outpatient

Childhood

Developmental tasks of childhood at what stage: Regulate behaviors Refine motor, cognitive, and social skills Play Right and wrong Relate emotionally

Early Childhood

Developmental tasks of childhood at what stage: - Student role - Develop cognitive skills in reading, writing, calculating - Achieves personal independence - Independent in self care skills - Develop IADL skills - Develop self-awareness and identify

Later childhood

What time period is Adolescence?

12-20 years

Identity and independence Puberty Sexual identity Leisure and social participation Work with same diagnoses found in early years Higher expectations in adolescence in school Start looking into more mental health OT services Respect persons autonomy and their choices however, they are still considered minors.

Adolescence

Hospitals School based Rehabilitation centers

Adolescent settings

Developmental tasks of adolescence

Developing identity Learning habits for adult roles Develop sexual identification Prepare for workforce/career

What time period is Young and Middle Adulthood?

Young: 20-40 years Middle: 40-65 years

Career establishment Marriage and starting a family Midlife crisis

Young and Middle Adulthood

``` Hospitals Rehabilitation settings Outpatient Vocational Psychological Settings ```

Young and Middle Adulthood

Developmental tasks of young adulthood

``` Select and establish career Significant relationships Establish family Child-rearing Balancing family, work, self ```

Developmental tasks of middle adulthood

``` Legacy to others Leisure Sandwich generation Financial responsibility Become “empty nesters” if children decide to leave home ```

What time period is Later Adulthood?

65+

Retirement Physical decline Cognitive changes/decline Diagnoses

Later Adulthood

Independent living Wellness programs Hospice

Later Adulthood Settings

Developmental tasks of older adulthood

Adjustment to physical and psychosocial changes Retirement Loss of social group Independent living

What are some OT settings consideration?

Administration Levels of care Area of practice

What are the 3 administrations?

Public Private not-for profit Private for-profit

What are the Areas of Practice?

Biological (medical): Can only provide care for what they came in for Sociological (social): Can focus on occupational justice Physiological: focus is more on cognition (memory/emotions)

Emerging practice area

Primary care settings Correction facilities Climate charge

What are the levels of care?

High and low: - Continuum of Care Level - Pediatric Levels of Care

``` Acute care Long term acute care Inpatient rehabilitation Outpatient rehabilitation Home health Skilled nursing ``` is what type of care?

Continuum of Care Levels

``` Early intervention Home health School Community agencies Outpatient Clinics ``` is what type of care?

Pediatric Levels of Care

what is Transformation Theory and its components?

``` people that acquire, change or discontinue their occupations (TAD) transformation: learning to do acquisition: changing roles discontinuation: maladaptive occupation ```

What individuals where in the prehistory error?

Johne Locke Philippe Pinel William Tuke Aldolf Meyer

What individuals where in the 1900-1919 error?

Herbert Hall Susan Tracy Eleanor Clark Slagle George Edward Barton

What individuals where in the 1920-2939 error?

Thomas Kinder | Aldolf Meyer

What individuals where in the 1940-1959 error?

Karel & Berta Bobath Col. Ruth Robinson Margret Rood

What individuals where in the 1960-1979 error?

``` Mary Riley A Jean Ayres Ann Mosey Gail Fidler Wilma L. West Elizabeth Yerxa Lela A. Llorens ```

What individuals where in the 1980-1999 error?

Florence Clark | Mary Law

What individuals where in the 1999-Present error?

Ann Wilcock | Elizabeth Townsend