Exam 1: Community Assessment and Evaluation, Community Health Promotion and Culture of Health Flashcards
Define: Public Health Nursing Practice
Population-focused, focuses on clients living in the community
Looking at community as a whole, working w/ community to improve population’s health status
Define: Community-Oriented Nursing Practice
Philosophy of nursing delivery using community dx, investigation of major health and environmental problems, health surveillance, monitoring and evaluation of community and population health status for purpose of preventing disease and disability, promoting, protecting and maintaining health to create conditions in which people can be healthy.
Define: Community-Based Nursing Practice
provision or assurance of personal illness care to individuals and families in the community vs community-oriented nursing which focuses on health promotion of overall community
Define: Community
A group of people who share common culture, values and/or interests based on social identify and/or territory, and who have some means of recognizing and (inter)acting upon these commonalities.
Nursing Process w/ Community as Client
Nurse focuses on collective or common good of population instead of individual health.
Direct nursing care can be a part of population-focused community health practice.
Community Health
Reflected in the health behaviors and subsequent outcomes of its residents and also by the ability of the community to support healthy individuals as a system.
Levels of Prevention
Primary: Promote and prevent development of disease (vaccination)
Secondary: Stopping progress of disease by early detection, tx. Reducing prevalence and chronicity
Tertiary: Stopping deterioration in a pt, relapse, or disability and dependency by anticipatory nursing and medical care.
What is a Community Assessment?
Using ADPIE to promote health in a community:
- Community needs
- Community strengths
- Locating confirmation data to address a recognized community problem.
How do you conduct a community assessment?
Pt. 1
- Windshield survey
- Identify community “place” and “people”
- Seven A’s (Aware, Accessible, Available, Acceptable, Affordable, Adequate, Appropriate)
- Data Analysis
- Nursing Dx
- Program planning, implementation, evaluation
Pt 2:
- Identify model to guide assessment
- Visit and interact w/ community
- Collect/Gather data about people, place and function for a month+ to get a feel for the community
- **Active listening to community members: stories and perspectives
- engage w/ community coalitions and practice inclusion of stakeholders.
***Look at community assessment model bullshit
What are indicators for assessing community health status?
Primary Sources - residents/members of community
Secondary Sources: Health status indicators: numerical measures of health outcomes from IHI, Census etc
What is the role of data collection and interpretation in community assessment
Data collection from primary and secondary sources must be accurately collected and analyzed to develop the appropriate nursing Dx.
What is a community partnership?
Promote community members’ investment in the success of efforts to improve the health of their community
Nurse-community Partnerships:
- Coalitions
- Passive participation: primary stakeholders are being informed about what is going to happen with minimal or zero feedback. Participation assessed through “head count” or similar method
- Active participation: Coalitions.
What is community health promotion?
General aim of nursing and health care, working with community to promote health environment for residents/members
What is meant by a ‘Culture of Health’?
“where good health flourishes across geographic, demographic, & social sectors; where being healthy & staying healthy is an esteemed social valve, & everyone has access to affordable, quality health care” - Concept by RWJF 2013 (courtney)
Individual-focused health care services
vs.
Population-focused services
Population-focused: Dx, interventions, tx carried out for population and subpopulations.
- Levels of prevention
- Population-level vs. individual-level healthcare decision making
- Concerned w/ more than one subpopulation
Individual-Focuses services focus interventions, tx and dx on single individual rather than entire population.
