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Public Speaking Exam 1 > Exam 1 Class Review > Flashcards

Exam 1 Class Review Flashcards

1
Q

How are public speaking and conversations different? Similar?

A

Different: PS is more prepared, formal than regular conversation. There is a clearly defines role between the speaker and the audience.

Similar: they both follow the 5 step method, just conversation is more of an informal version of it.

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2
Q

What are different kinds of noise audience members experience?

A

Internal and external

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3
Q

Define encoding

A

Turning your thoughts into a picture for the audience by using verbal and non verbal symbols.

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4
Q

When speaking, what are some good sources of feedback to help you know to adjust yourself to continue conveying the material successfully?

A

Nodding, murmuring, facial expressions

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5
Q

Decoding is…

A

A process done when we listen to something or someone to understand the full verbal and non verbal symbols in a message.

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6
Q

“Communication as interaction” models are…

A

Feedback- audiences responses to a speech.

Context- elements that effect a speech such as time, place, lighting.

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7
Q

“Communication as transaction” is…

A

Focuses on communication as a simultaneous process

Source/receiver receiver/source

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8
Q

What are various ways to build your confidence as a public speaker?

A

Be prepared, organized, not procrastinating etc.

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9
Q

What are ways you can better understand your nervousness?

A

Nervousness is your brain trying to help you

Your biology affects your psychology and vice versa

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10
Q

How does the NCA talk about and define ethical communication?

A

It is important to responsible thinking, decision making and the development of relationships within and across cultures, channels and media. It enhances human worth by fostering truthfulness, fairness, and respect for self and others.

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11
Q

What is free speech and how do speakers balance their right to free speech?

A

Being aware of their audience and the words and phrases they choose for a particular speech.

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12
Q

Name a few guidelines for ethical speaking.

A

If objective is to inform or persuade; ethical

If objective is to coerce or manipulate; unethical ex./ hitler

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13
Q

What is oral plagiarism?

A

Not orally citing a source while giving a speech.

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14
Q

What is information overload?

A

A lot of information at one time, overloading the brain with unknown information and fear that you will get lost or misinterpret the information.

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15
Q

How can speakers keep the audiences attention and promote good listening?

A

By effective listening:
Select (a message from several competing messages)

Attend (focus on it)

Understand (making sense of our experiences and sharing it with others)

Remember (ideas and information)

Respond (react with behavior to what you’ve heard)

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16
Q

How can audience members be better listeners, even when speakers do not hold their attention or have poor delivery?

A

Managing information overload, not being prejudice, managing receiver apprehension.

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17
Q

What is the difference between receiver apprehension and listener distraction?

A

Receiver apprehension is being fearful of the Information or feeling stupid as a listener while listener distraction is the internal/external distractions that happen while listening to a speech.

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18
Q

What are the different listening styles? How does the listening style affect the listening process?

A

People oriented- highly empathetic and seeking common ground with the person you’re listening to.

Action oriented- wants people to get to the point and listens for actions that need to be taken.

Content oriented- like information laced with facts and details, reject messages that lack support.

Time oriented- interested in saving time and getting essential ideas in brief sound bites.

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19
Q

Define the different types of listening.

A

Critical listening- listening to evaluate quality, appropriateness, and importance of the info you hear.

Critical thinking- mental process of making judgements about the conclusions that are presented in what you see, hear, and read.

20
Q

What are the different types of audience analysis and components of each?

A

Analyzing the audience before, during and after the speech.

Before- survey, asking around
During- non verbal cues
After- applause, questions

21
Q

What is being audience-centered? What is targeting in audience- centered speaking?

A

Keeping the audience at the forefront of your thoughts through the entire speech.

22
Q

How do personal experiences shared by speakers affect audiences?

A

Target certain memories toward certain audiences for a better response and feedback.

23
Q

What is ethnocentrism?

A

Thinking you, your race, culture, religion is superior to everyone else’s.

24
Q

What are cues that help a speaker adapt to the audience during the speech?

A

Yawning, moving around, looking around, talking, questions etc.

25
Q

Identify examples of three types of general purpose

A

To inform, persuade, entertain.

26
Q

General purpose is…

A

Overachieving goal of the speech whether to be inform, persuade or entertain.

27
Q

Specific purpose is…

A

The concise statement of what you want your listeners to know, feel or be able to do when you finish speaking.

28
Q

Central idea can be defined as…

A

The thesis, the one sentence summary of the speech.

29
Q

The definition of a main idea is…

A

Subdividing your key points of your speech into 2-4 main ideas to talk about in your speech.

30
Q

How do speakers generate and determine main ideas?

A

Coming up with logical divisions, establishing 3 reasons why you believe in these points.

31
Q

How can you review your main ideas?

A

At the beginning of the speech at the end of your intro, list your points to talk about that will lead you into the body of the speech fluently.

32
Q

How can personal knowledge and experience be used in a speech?

A

Credibility, accuracy, believability.

33
Q

How do you apply the criteria for evaluating internet sources?

A

Accountability- who’s responsible for the site?
Accuracy- is the Info correct?
Objectivity- is the site free of bias?
Timeliness- is the site current?
Usability- do the layout and design of the site facilitate its use?
Diversity- is the site inclusive?

34
Q

What are the advantages of different kinds of library materials?

A

Books, periodicals, newspapers, and reference resources.

35
Q

Be able to identify examples of different kinds of illustrations.

A

Brief- unelaborated example that is only s sentence or two.
Extended- longer, more detailed and resembled a story.
Hypothetical- describe situations or events that have not actually occurred.

36
Q

What are the important guidelines for the use of statistics in a speech?

A

Use reliable sources, authoritative sources, unbiased sources, and interpret statistics accurately.

37
Q

Define primacy.

A

Idea that the audience remembers the first thing thing they hear best.

38
Q

What is recency?

A

The idea that the audience remembers the last thing they heard.

39
Q

Complexity can be defined as…

A

Remember the simplest points first and the most complex points last.

40
Q

Soft/hard evidence can be identified as…

A

From opinion or hypothetical illustration, ex./ from statistic to fact.

41
Q

What sign posts are commonly used in organizing a speech? What purposes do they serve?

A

Words or ideas that allow you to move smoothly from one idea to another throughout your speech. They serve to transition, preview and summaries.

42
Q

What are the purposes of an introduction and which is most Important?

A

Audiences attention, introduction subjects, etc.

43
Q

How do you define proximity in an introduction?

A

The degree to which the information affects your listeners directly.

44
Q

What are ways to establish credibility as a speaker?

A

Be well prepared for your speech, appear confident.

Tell the audience of your personal experiences with your topic.

45
Q

Identify the textbooks 10 ways to do an introduction On a speech.

A 
Illustrations or anecdotes
Starting facts or stats
Quotes
Humor
Questions
References to historical items 
References to recent events 
Personal references
References to the occasion 
References to preceding speeches.
46
Q

What’s re the elements of the public speaking process?

A

Message, channels, receiver, noise, source.

Public Speaking Exam 1 (2 decks)

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