Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy and Physiology Lecture > Exam 1 - Chapters 1-3 > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Chapters 1-3 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

study of form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Physiology

A

study of function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Levels of biological organization

A
  1. Atom
  2. Molecule
  3. Macromolecule
  4. Organelle
  5. Cell
  6. Tissue
  7. Organ
  8. Organ system
  9. Organism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

3 principles of cell theory

A
  1. All living things are composed of cells
  2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
  3. All cells are produced from other cells.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Anabolic

A

a building reaction when we build new cells and tissues
(Ex. Body being in a starved state)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Catabolic

A

How we break down reactions and release energy and use it to move and grow all cellular activity.
(Ex. Your body after a calorie heavy meal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Afference

A

Response to stimuli
(Your senses)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Efference

A

Cellular movement
(Ex. Muscle contracting)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which type of feedback is more common in maintaining homeostasis?

A

Negative feedback

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Example of Negative Feedback Loop

A

Blood pressure, Maintaining body temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Example of Positive Feedback Loop

A

Blood clotting, giving birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hypertrophy

A

when individual cells get larger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hyperplasia

A

when the number of cells increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Four main catergories of macromolecles

A
  1. Nucleic Acids
  2. Proteins
  3. Lipids
  4. Carbohydrates
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Concentration gradient

A

When chemicals flow Down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What determines the atomic number of an element?

A

Protons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do you find mass number

A

Number of electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

4 forces/bonds that atoms and molecules can exhibit

A
  1. Van der Waals force
  2. Hydrogen bond
  3. Ionic bond
  4. Covalent bond
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are positively charged ions called?

A

Cation

21
Q

Negatively charged ions called?

A

Anion

22
Q

What differs in an isotope

A

Number of neutrons

23
Q

Does the atomic number change in isotopes?

A

No

24
Q

What bond does water form

A

It forms hydrogen and covalent bonds

25
Q

What can water dissolve

A

It can dissolve solutes

26
Q

adhesion

A

When water molecules are attracted to foreign surfaces and cling to those surfaces

27
Q

Cohesion

A

water molecule to water molecule attraction

28
Q

Less than 7 pH

A

acidic

29
Q

More than 7 pH

A

basic

30
Q

dehydration synthesis

A

taking out the water to dehydrate and synthesize to make a larger molecule

31
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Adding water so we can split a larger molecule apart into smaller molecules

32
Q

Do lipids dissolve in water?

A

Hydrophobic, don’t dissolve well in water, has lots of C, H; Few O

33
Q

Polysaccharide

A

many glucose are put together they form glycogen or starch

34
Q

What 3 elements are lipids made of?

A
  1. Carbon
  2. Hydrogen
  3. Oxygen
35
Q

what are the storage form of lipids called, and what makes them up?

A

Triglyceride and Saturated and Unsaturated fats

36
Q

3 Functions of lipids

A
  1. secondary energy source
  2. formation of communications molecules - steroids and prostaglandins
  3. structural component like phospholipids we find in the plasma membrane.
37
Q

amphipathic and what molecule is a amphipathic

A

Phospholipid
Amphipathic - being both hydrophilic and hydrophobic

38
Q

what do amino acids form

A

Proteins

39
Q

What drives passive transport in cell membranes?

A

Concentration gradients

40
Q

Passive transport

A

Doesn’t use energy

41
Q

Active transport

A

Uses carrier protein, includes pumps, goes against gradient

42
Q

How many ions are pumped in the sodium-potassium pump

A

3 sodium outside cell and 2 potassium inside cell

43
Q

which component of the cytoskeleton functions to transport cargo throughout the cell, much like a highway?

A

Microtubules

44
Q

Organelle directly attached to the nuclear membrane

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

45
Q

Smooth Er

A

produces steroids and detoxes

46
Q

Rough ER

A

protein production

47
Q

synthesizes proteins need to travel in order to be modified for exocytosis

A

Golgi apparatus

48
Q

what do microfilaments do, what is the most common microfilament

A

a. movement of membranes
b. Micovilli

Anatomy and Physiology Lecture (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions