Exam 1 (Chapters 1-3) Flashcards
What are primary and secondary sources?
Primary source: Produced at the time the event took place by someone who experienced it.
Secondary source: Produced after the event by someone who was not there.
What determines the type of source?
The author is the key
Rhetorical Situation
The circumstance of an event/source that consists of a message, an intended audience and the speaker.
Thesis
Something to be proved or denied and it must contain evidence to build arguments that supports it.
Agricultural Revolution
Neolithic age - 800BCE - Shift from a Hunter-gatherer society to the use of aggriculture and settlement of societies.
MESOPOTAMIA
Today Iraq - first civilizations - Assyrians, Hittities, Babilonians, Akkadians and sumerians
BABYLON
United first by king Sargon in 2300 - Sumeria and Babylon - King hammurabi - Hammurabi code - After assyrians fall: Chaldeans (Neo-Babylon)
EGYPT
Independent citites along the Nile –> 3100BCE united= Old, middle and New kingdom - ruled by Pharaos - Conquered by the Assyrians
PERSIANS
Modern Iran - Cyrus the great=first big king - gentle policies - Monarchy - Zoroastrianism: religion (good god Ahura vs. demon Ahriman) fought with the hebrews and Greeks - destroyed by Alexander
Polytheism VS. Monotheism
Mono: Only one god
Poly: Multiple deities
LEGITIMATION
To legitimize and support laws, actions or power by using God or a divine power
ANCIENT HEBREWS (History) (Abraham-Moses Exodus-David-Solomon-Diaspora)
1st: Abraham and the covenant (protection from God=Worship only him)
THEN: Moses frees the people from Egypt (Exoduds) - Passover: celebration of this event - 1000BCE: King David - conquest of capital Jerusalem
King Solomon: Son of David - made the temple and the ark of the cov.
With SOLOMON´S death, they are conquered and sent in exile (Diaspora-Babylonian captivity)
Yahweh (I AM-MORAL UNIVERSE-FREE WILL)
I AM: Name of God revealed to Moses
MORAL UNIVERSE: Universal concepts of right and wrong that applies the same for everyone
FREE WILL: Agency of humans to decide which path to take
What are the 2 Proto-greek civilizations that composed the start of Greece? Who discovered them?
Minoan civ, discovered by Arthur Evans and the Mycenaean Civ, discovered by Heinrich Schliemann
Minoans (Location-important info)
Located: Island of Crete
They had the palace of Knossos which has simmilarities with greek culture and the Labrynth of Crete that could explain a Greek myth.
Mycenaeans
Found because of the Iliad of Homer that guided Heinrich. The fight takes place in the past city of Troy. Their history was told by Homer. Mycenaean went to rescue Hellenes from the trojans and lost.
Poleis characteristics (Athens-Sparta)
After the dark age, polis were born. Autonomous places, not too many citizens=everyone was the same- rights, duties, gov, protection:
Athens: Culture and knowledge craddle - democracy
Sparta: Culture dedicated to war and it was a military society
Athens (Democracy histroy)
