Exam 1 (Chapters 1-3)

Question 1

What are primary and secondary sources?

Answer 1

Primary source: Produced at the time the event took place by someone who experienced it.
Secondary source: Produced after the event by someone who was not there.

Question 2

What determines the type of source?

Answer 2

The author is the key

Question 3

Rhetorical Situation

Answer 3

The circumstance of an event/source that consists of a message, an intended audience and the speaker.

Question 4

Thesis

Answer 4

Something to be proved or denied and it must contain evidence to build arguments that supports it.

Question 5

Agricultural Revolution

Answer 5

Neolithic age - 800BCE - Shift from a Hunter-gatherer society to the use of aggriculture and settlement of societies.

Question 6

MESOPOTAMIA

Answer 6

Today Iraq - first civilizations - Assyrians, Hittities, Babilonians, Akkadians and sumerians

Question 6

BABYLON

Answer 6

United first by king Sargon in 2300 - Sumeria and Babylon - King hammurabi - Hammurabi code - After assyrians fall: Chaldeans (Neo-Babylon)

Question 7

EGYPT

Answer 7

Independent citites along the Nile –> 3100BCE united= Old, middle and New kingdom - ruled by Pharaos - Conquered by the Assyrians

Question 8

PERSIANS

Answer 8

Modern Iran - Cyrus the great=first big king - gentle policies - Monarchy - Zoroastrianism: religion (good god Ahura vs. demon Ahriman) fought with the hebrews and Greeks - destroyed by Alexander

Question 9

Polytheism VS. Monotheism

Answer 9

Mono: Only one god
Poly: Multiple deities

Question 10

LEGITIMATION

Answer 10

To legitimize and support laws, actions or power by using God or a divine power

Question 11

ANCIENT HEBREWS (History) (Abraham-Moses Exodus-David-Solomon-Diaspora)

Answer 11

1st: Abraham and the covenant (protection from God=Worship only him)
THEN: Moses frees the people from Egypt (Exoduds) - Passover: celebration of this event - 1000BCE: King David - conquest of capital Jerusalem
King Solomon: Son of David - made the temple and the ark of the cov.
With SOLOMON´S death, they are conquered and sent in exile (Diaspora-Babylonian captivity)

Question 12

Yahweh (I AM-MORAL UNIVERSE-FREE WILL)

Answer 12

I AM: Name of God revealed to Moses
MORAL UNIVERSE: Universal concepts of right and wrong that applies the same for everyone
FREE WILL: Agency of humans to decide which path to take

Question 13

What are the 2 Proto-greek civilizations that composed the start of Greece? Who discovered them?

Answer 13

Minoan civ, discovered by Arthur Evans and the Mycenaean Civ, discovered by Heinrich Schliemann

Question 14

Minoans (Location-important info)

Answer 14

Located: Island of Crete
They had the palace of Knossos which has simmilarities with greek culture and the Labrynth of Crete that could explain a Greek myth.

Question 15

Mycenaeans

Answer 15

Found because of the Iliad of Homer that guided Heinrich. The fight takes place in the past city of Troy. Their history was told by Homer. Mycenaean went to rescue Hellenes from the trojans and lost.

Question 16

Poleis characteristics (Athens-Sparta)

Answer 16

After the dark age, polis were born. Autonomous places, not too many citizens=everyone was the same- rights, duties, gov, protection:

Athens: Culture and knowledge craddle - democracy
Sparta: Culture dedicated to war and it was a military society

Question 17

Athens (Democracy histroy)