Exam 1: Chapter 1

Question 1

Microorganisms/ Microbes

Answer 1

All organisms are too small to be seen without a microscope.

Question 2

Taxonomic system

Answer 2

A system used for naming plants and animals and grouping similar organisms together.

Question 3

Viruses

Answer 3

tiny infectious a-cellular agent with nucleic acid surrounded by protein coat, can only be seen with a electron microscope

Question 4

Bacteria

Answer 4

has cell walls that are composed of a polysaccharide called peptidoglycan.

Question 5

Archaea

Answer 5

lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls

Question 6

Prokaryotic

Answer 6

cells do not have nuclei to hold the DNA

Question 7

Fungi

Answer 7

obtain their own food from other organisms and has cells walls

Question 8

Eukaryotic

Answer 8

each cell contains a nuclei

Question 9

Molds

Answer 9

multi cellular rod shaped fungi that reproduce sexually and asexually

Question 10

Yeasts

Answer 10

unicellular and oval fungi that are typically oval to round that reproduce asexually

Question 11

Protozoa

Answer 11

single celled eukaryotes that are similar to animals in needs and cell structure. Are also capable of locomotion

Question 12

Algae

Answer 12

uni or multi-cellular photosynthetic organisms

Question 13

Parasitic Worms

Answer 13

are microscopic at birth

Question 14

Spontaneous Generation

Answer 14

creation of living matter from non living matter.

Question 15

Scientific Method

Answer 15

provides a framework for conducting an investigation into phenomena

Question 16

Theory

Answer 16

Why a phenomena happens

Question 17

Laws

Answer 17

What phenomena happens

Question 18

Control Groups

Answer 18

groups that are not given independent variables

Question 19

Fermentation

Answer 19

formation of alcohol from sugar and other chemical reactions

Question 20

Facultative Anaerobes

Answer 20

organisms that can live with or without oxygen

Question 21

Pasteurization

Answer 21

heading grape juice just enough to kill most of

Question 22

Industrial Microbiology

Answer 22

microbes are intentionally used to manufacture products

Question 23

Enzymes

Answer 23

cell-produced proteins that promote chemical reactions

Question 24

Biochemistry

Answer 24

the study of metabolism

Question 25

Metabolism

Answer 25

the sum of all chemical reactions within an organism

Question 26

Germ Theory of Disease

Answer 26

Microorganisms are responsible for diseases

Question 27

Pathogen

Answer 27

viruses and bacteria that cause disease

Question 28

Etiology

Answer 28

the study of causation of disease

Question 29

Filterable Viruses

Answer 29

pathogens that can pass through a filter with small pores

Question 30

Suspected Causative Agent

Answer 30

refers to any suspected pathogens

Question 31

Gram Stain

Answer 31

widely used staining technique

Question 32

Nonsocial infections

Answer 32

infections acquired in a healthcare setting

Question 33

Epidemiology

Answer 33

study of the occurrence, distribution, and spread of disease in humans

Question 34

Vaccine

Answer 34

injecting with small amounts of the virus to make them immune

Question 35

Immunology

Answer 35

the study of the bodies immune system response to pathogens

Question 36

Chemotherapy

Answer 36

destroy pathogens while remaining non toxic to humans

Question 37

Molecular Biology

Answer 37

concerning genome sequences

Question 38

Recombinant DNA technology

Answer 38

uses genetic engineering which is developed using microbial models

Question 39

Gene Therapy

Answer 39

inserting a missing gene or repairing a defective gene

Question 40

Environmental Microbiology

Answer 40

study of the conditions influencing the microorganisms

Question 41

Bioremedition

Answer 41

the use of living bacteria, fungi and algae to detoxify polluted environment

Question 42

Biofilms

Answer 42

aggregates of cells on a surface