Exam 1 (Chapter 1-5) Flashcards

1
Q

Foreign Marketing

A

Marketing with foreign countries

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2
Q

4 P’s of Marketing

A

The key aspects of any marketing program: product, price, place and promotion

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3
Q

Global Environment

A

A business environment in which business transactions take place between and within different country environments

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4
Q

Global Marketing

A

Coordinating marketing in multiple markets in the face of global competition

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5
Q

International Marketing

A

The act of marketing across borders including marketing between countries as well as within each country

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6
Q

Marketing

A

The collection of activities undertaken by a firm to assess and satisfy customer needs, wants and desires

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7
Q

Marketing Management

A

The planning and coordinating of activities to achieve a successfully integrated marketing program

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8
Q

Point of Sale (POS)

A

The location at which a transaction occurs between buyer and seller

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9
Q

Absolute Advantage

A

A country’s ability to produce a good at a lower cost, in terms of real resources, than another country

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10
Q

Comparative Advantage

A

A country’s ability to produce a good at a lower cost, relative to other goods, compared to another country

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11
Q

Product Life Cycle

A

When referring to international trade and product patterns, a trade cycle that many markets go through wherein one nation is initially an exporter, then loses its export markets, and finally may become an importer of the product

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12
Q

Product Innovation

A

A new or substantially different way of meeting customers’ needs through the development of a new product

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13
Q

Balance-of-Payments

A

Statements of the economic transactions between one country and all other countries over a period of time, usually one year

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14
Q

Deficits

A

In the context of balance-of-payments, the shortfall that results when country-level spending exceeds country-level saving

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15
Q

Surpluses

A

In the context of balance-of-payments, an overage that results when country-level saving exceeds country-level spending

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16
Q

Current Account

A

A specific balance-of-payment account that includes transactions in manufactured goods and services as well as unilateral transfers

17
Q

Captial Account

A

A specific balance-of-payment account that includes flows such as direct and portfolio investments, private placements, and bank and government loans

18
Q

Tariff

A

A tax on products imported from other countries

19
Q

Specific Duty

A

A tariff levied based on quantity

20
Q

Tariff Engineering

A

A process of minimizing the impact of tariffs by modifying the form in which the product is exported

21
Q

NAFTA

A

A free trade agreement between Canada, U.S. and Mexico

22
Q

Quotas

A

Quantitative restrictions that limit the amount of goods that may enter a country

23
Q

Exchange Control

A

A government monopoly on all dealings in foreign exchange, often resulting in a government’s rationing it out according to its own priorities

24
Q

Non-tariff Barriers

A

Trade barriers that include customs documentation requirements, marks of origin, food and drug laws, labeling laws, antidumping laws, “buy national,” policies, and subsidies

25
Q

World Trade Organization (WTO)

A

An association of over 150 countries focused on cooperation and agreements concerning the trade of goods and services. Its primary goal is to provide a framework for multilateral trade negotiations

26
Q

International Monetary Fund (IMF)

A

An organization that acts as a forum for monetary and fiscal discussions that affect the world economy and that supplies financial assistance

27
Q

Foreign Exchange Rate

A

The domestic price of a foreign currency

28
Q

Regional Economic Integration

A

Economic cooperation within geographic regions to pursue common economic gains

29
Q

National Sovereignty

A

A nation’s right to govern itself without outside interference

30
Q

Free-trade area

A

Member countries that agree to have free movement of goods among themselves, so no tariffs or quotas are imposed against goods coming from other members

31
Q

Multilateral Trade Agreement

A

Trade agreement between more than two countries

32
Q

Bilateral Trade Agreement

A

Trade agreement between two countries

33
Q

Customs Union

A

Similar to a free-trade area, but adds the requirement that members also have a uniform tariff on trade with nonmembers