Exam 1: chapter 1 Flashcards
mega-
Symbol: M
Decimal Equivalent: 1,000,000
Power of 10: Base x 10^6
kilo-
Symbol: k
Decimal Equivalent: 1,000
Power: Base x 10^3
deci-
Symbol: d
Decimal Equivalent: 0.1
Power: Base x 10^-1
centi-
Symbol: c
Decimal Equivalent: 0.01
Power: Base x 10^-2
milli-
Symbol: m
Decimal Equivalent: 0.001
Power: Base x 10^-3
micro-
Symbol: mc or µ
Decimal Equivalent: 0.000001
Power: Base x 10^-6
nano-
Symbol: n
Decimal Equivalent: 0.0000001
Power: Base x 20^-9
What are the three sig fig zero rules?
1) Zeroes at the beginning of a number are not significant
2) Zeroes in between nonzero digits are significant
3) Zeroes at the end of numbers are only significant if there is a decimal point
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
Total mass of reactants = total mass of products
Who proposed the Law of Conservation of Mass?
Lavoisier 1989
What is the Law of Definite Proportion?
A pure substance will obtain the same ratio of element masses no matter where it is from or its sample size
Who proposed the Law of Definite Proportion?
Proust 1794
What is the Law of Multiple Proportions
When two elements (A&B) form different compounds, the masses of element B that combines w 1 gram of element A are a ratio of a whole number
Who proposed the Law of Multiple Proportions
Dalton 1808
What is Dalton’s atomic theory?
1) Each element is composed of indestructible atoms
2) Atoms of an element are identical
3) Compounds combine atoms
4) Chemical reactions involve rearranging atoms
