Exam 1 (Chapter 1)

Question 1

Describe the properties of life

Answer 1

Cellular Organization
Energy utilization
Homeostasis
Growth, Reproduction, Heredity
DNA

Question 2

What is a cell?

Answer 2

The smallest level of life that processes all other basic characteristics of life

Question 3

What are cells always enveloped by?

Answer 3

Cells are always enveloped by a Cell Membrane

Question 4

What do cells not always have?

Answer 4

Cells do not always have a nucleus

Question 5

What are the two types of cells?

Answer 5

Unicellular and Multicellular

Question 6

Describe the characteristics of a prokaryotic cell

Answer 6

Primitive cell
Always unicellular
Lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
Small

Question 7

Give two examples of a Prokaryote

Answer 7

Bacteria, Algae

Question 8

Describe the characteristics of a Eukaryote

Answer 8

Can be unicellular or multicellular
Contains a nucleus
Vary in size
Contains membrane bound organelles

Question 9

Give examples of a Eukaryote

Answer 9

Plant, Fungi, Animal

Question 10

What is energy utilization?

Answer 10

All living things use energy to power cell processes

Question 11

What is an autotroph?

Answer 11

An autotroph is an organism that can produce it’s own energy.

Question 12

What is a heterotroph?

Answer 12

An organism that cannot produce its own energy and must extract energy molecules from other sources such as plant or animal matter

Question 13

What is homeostasis?

Answer 13

An organisms ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment

Question 14

What is growth?

Answer 14

When a unicellular or multicellular organism grows larger

Question 15

What is reproduction and heredity?

Answer 15

Reproduction is the production of offspring. Heredity is the process in which traits are passed from parents to offspring

Question 16

Which of the following properties will let you determine that a cell is eukaryotic and not prokaryotic?
A. it has a nucleus
B. It is multicellular
C. It has a cell membrane
D. A and B
E. A, B, C

Answer 16

A, B, C
A Eukaryotic cell has a nucleus and cell membrane, and can be multicellular
A Prokaryote cannot be multicellular, and does not have a nucleus or cell membrane

Question 17

Which of the following statements is FALSE about eukaryotes?
A. All eukaryotes have a nucleus
B. All eukaryotes are multicellular organisms
C. All eukaryotes are much larger in size than prokaryotes.
D. The four kingdoms of domain eukarya are plants, animals,
protists, and fungi.

Answer 17

B, all Eukaryotes are multicellular

Not all Eukaryotes are multicellular organisms

Question 18

List the first four hierarchies of life from smallest to largest

Answer 18

Atom
Molecule
Organelle
Cell

Question 19

List the other 8 hierarchies of life

Answer 19

Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Biosphere

Question 20

What is an emergent property

Answer 20

A property that a complex system has, but the individual members of that system does not have

Question 21

Give an example of an emergent property

Answer 21

Multiple organelles working together can perform more complex function, unlike a single organelle which can only do a particular function alone

Question 22

Which of the following is an example of the “tissue” level of life
A) Many prokaryotes interacting with one another.
B) The many plant cells comprising a portion of a leaf on a plant.
C) A single liver cell.
D) Multiple organs working together in an organism.

Answer 22

B: The many plant cells comprising a portion of a leaf on a plant

Question 23

What is taxonomy?

Answer 23

The branch of biology that names and classifies organisms

Question 24

What are the basic taxonomic rules

Answer 24

Species are always referred to by their binomial name
The genus is always capitalized, species is always written in lowercase
The genus and species is always written in italics

Question 25

List the levels of taxonomy from most general to specific

Answer 25

Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Question 26

What are the three domains

Answer 26

Domain Bacteria Domain Archaea Domain Eukarya

Question 27

List the characteristics of Domain Bacteria

Answer 27

Unicellular Prokaryotic Small

Question 28

List the characteristics of Domain Archaea

Answer 28

Unicellular Prokaryotic "extremophile" - lives in extreme conditions

Question 29

List the characteristics of Domain Eukarya

Answer 29

Unicellular or multicellular eukaryotic includes most familiar organisms

Question 30

List the four kingdoms of domain eukarya

Answer 30

Superkingdom Protista Kingdom Plantae Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Animalia

Question 31

List the characteristics of Superkingdom Protista

Answer 31

Protists have a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles Most diverse group, they are not easily classified as a fungi, plant, or animal Examples: amoeba, diatom, ciliates, algae

Question 32

List the characteristics of Kingdom Fungi

Answer 32

Have chitin cell walls A type of heterotroph that decomposes Examples: mushrooms, yeast, mold

Question 33

List the characteristics of Kingdom Animalia

Answer 33

All multicellular Do not have cell walls All heterotrophs Example: insects, fish, amphibians, birds, reptiles, mammals

Question 34

List the characteristics Kingdom Plantae

Answer 34

All multicellular Have Cellulose cell walls Almost all autotrophs Produce Chlorophyll Example: flowering plants, conifers, ferns, mosses, liverworts, some algae

Question 35

You have a bacterial infection that is “eating” away at you. What has infected you and what is its preferred metabolism method? A) A eukaryote - heterotroph B) A eukaryote - autotroph C) A prokaryote - heterotroph D) A prokaryote – autotroph

Answer 35

C: A prokaryote that is a heterotroph Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms, if it is eating away at you to gain energy, it is a heterotroph

Question 36

Which of the following is not a characteristic of fungi? A) all members are multicellular B) chitin cell walls C) decomposers D) eukaryotes

Answer 36

A: All members are multicellular Fungi can be either unicellular or multicellular

Question 37

Which of these is not a characteristic of animals? A) Eukaryotes B) Cell wall C) Cell membrane D) Heterotrophs E) Usually have appendages

Answer 37

B: Cell wall Animals have cell membranes, but they do not have cell walls