Exam 1: CH 3, 'Syndromes and Sequences'

Question 1

Down’s syndrome speech-language problems (3).

Answer 1

• Speech intelligibility
  
  • The oral cavity is small which limits the movement of the tongue.
• Articulation errors
  
  • Hypotonia (low muscle tone)
  • Submucous cleft (the cleft is covered by the mucous mem)
• Hearing loss
  
  • Over 75% suffer from a hearing loss (mild to severe)

Question 2

Down’s syndrome speech and language characteristics (1st 4).

Answer 2

1. Speech and language delays
2. Abnormal vocal quality (low pitched/breathy/husky)
3. Stuttering fairly common
4. Communication problems but very social

Question 3

Down’s syndrome speech and language characteristics (2nd 4).

Answer 3

1. Auditory and short-term memory problems.
2. Receptive language more intact than expressive.3. Syntactic expression deficits
   
   • Morphology/syntax and phonology compared to lexicon
3. As they are getting older, their problems become evident.

Question 4

Down’s syndrome physical characteristics:

1. _____ palmar crease
2. _____ (aka flat head syndrome)
3. Heart:
4. Eyes:
5. Ears:
6. Abdomen:
7. Extremities:

Answer 4

1. SINGLE palmar crease
2. BRACHYCEPHALY
3. Heart: CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE IS COMMON
4. Eyes: ABNORMAL DISTANCE BETWEEN EYES
5. Ears: ABNORMAL STRUCTURES AND SIZE OF EARS
6. Abdomen: ENLARGED ABDOMEN
7. Extremities: SMALL EXTREMITIES