Exam 1-Ch. 1, 7, 8, 11, 13, & 14

Question 0

The world’s first organization devoted entirely to child protection was _________________________________________ founded in ____.

Answer 0

New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. 1875.

Question 1

3 Eras

Answer 1

I. Colonial-1875: before child protection
II. 1875-1962: non-gov’t protection societies
III. Modern era: CPS began in 1962

Question 2

What was the first school of social work?

Answer 2

The New York School for Philanthropy

Now known as the School of Social Work at Columbia University

Question 3

What was Toynbee Hall?

Answer 3

A settlement created by Oxford and Cambridge students that advocated for the poor who chose to live in humble surroundings.

Question 4

What/who started organized child protection? Who were the key players?

Answer 4

The case of Mary Ellen Wilson in Hell’s Kitchen: rescued by Etta Wheeler. Henry Bergh (ASPCA-friend) and Elbridge Gerry (lawyer) helped Etta save Mary, then started organized child protection.

Question 5

From whom did Etta Wheeler seek advice?

Answer 5

Henry Bergh (ASPCA)

Question 6

By 1922, how many Societies for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (SPCC) were there?

Answer 6

300

Question 7

Who wrote the “Child Battered Syndrome” paper?

Answer 7

Henry Kempe

Question 8

By what year did each state have their own reporting laws?

Answer 8

1967

Question 9

Some experts contend that __________ is the central feature of all child maltreatment.

Answer 9

Neglect

Question 10

5 subtexts of neglect

Answer 10

1. Physical
2. Psychological
3. Health
4. Mental health
5. Educational

Question 11

3 attachment types

Answer 11

1. Secure
2. Avoidant
3. Resistantly

Question 12

What impact does Psychological Maltreatment have?

Answer 12

1. Problems of intrapersonal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
2. Emotional problem symptoms
3. Social competency problems and antisocial functioning
4. Learning problems
5. Physical health problems associated w/ PM

Question 13

Define Physical Abuse

Answer 13

Nonaccidental injury inflicted upon a child

Question 14

How do we decide whether the child’s injury was an accident of abuse?

Answer 14

1. Social context
2. Likely biases and motives of witnesses
3. Physical exam of child
4. Probability that injuries could be accidental
5. Investigations
6. Use of lab imaging
7. Age and dev status of child
8. Child’s medical history
9. Does history provided by caretakers change over time–are they lying?
10. Do different caretakers tell different stories?

Question 15

Shaken baby syndrome

Answer 15

Violent shaking that can cause injury or death. More fatalities are due to abusive head injuries.

Question 16

Abusers who have shaken or hurt a child estimate an episode to last _________________ to _______________.

Answer 16

A few seconds to 15 seconds.

Question 17

What are the long term effects of head trauma?

Answer 17

Severe learning disabilities, tetraplegia, blindness, chronic seizure disorders, and persistent vegetative state (in severe cases).

Question 18

What factors increase concern that the fracture is from abuse?

Answer 18

1. Absence of credible history
2. Very young age of patient
3. Other abusive injuries accompany fracture
4. Delay in seeking medical care
5. Explanation provided does not make medical sense.

Question 19

Define Child Sexual Abuse

Answer 19

Any sexual activity below the age of consent (14-18) 17 in Texas.

Question 20

What percent of sexual abuse is committed by fathers or stepfathers?

Answer 20

16% of cases.

Question 21

Are most sexual abuse cases committed by parents?

Answer 21

No.

Question 22

Do African American and Caucasian women have similar rates of sexual abuse?

Answer 22

Yes.

Question 23

Asian women have slightly lower or slightly higher rates of sexual abuse?

Answer 23

Slightly lower.

Question 24

Hispanic women are at a higher risk for what type of abuse?

Answer 24

Incestuous abuse.

Question 25

Are Latino report rates higher than Anglo?

Answer 25

Yes.

Question 26

Characteristics of Sexual Abuse Experiences

Answer 26

• multiple episodes are common.
• compared to girls, boys are older at onset of victimization; more likely to be abused by non-family members and more likely to be abused by women and repeat.

Question 27

Adolescents who perceive the abuse as consensual–

Answer 27

• Have multiple episodes

- offenders engage in a gradual process of sexualizing the relationship over time.

Question 28

What is a “polyvictim”?

Answer 28

Children who have had an average of four victimizations.

Question 29

Risk factors for adverse affects

Answer 29

1. Preabuse risk factors: PTSD and existing problems will get worse.
2. Nature of the abuse as a risk factor
3. The response when a child discloses CSA

Question 30

Define “sophisticated rape track”

Answer 30

Offenders who work with or are involved with the children.

Question 31

Define “family infiltrator”

Answer 31

Becomes aquatinted with the family and offers different types of services, especially babysitting. Specifically targets women living alone with children.

Question 32

Sexual offenders (SO) often claim they have a special ability to identify vulnerable children. Why might this be?

Answer 32

Child’s status (divorced home, young age) and emotional or psychological state (needy, depressed, unhappy).

Question 33

Steps a typical SO (sexual offender) takes to abuse

Answer 33

1. Befriend child
2. Desensitize child to sexual touch through progressively more invasive sexual touch and talk.
3. SO initiates overtly sexual acts- often involves mixtures of bribes and threats; sometimes physical coercion- 2/3 of SOs frightened victims in some way/used physical force.
4. SOs must then maintain secrecy- keep child from disclosing.