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Principles of Biology I > Exam 1 (Ch 1, 20.1) > Flashcards

Exam 1 (Ch 1, 20.1) Flashcards

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1
Q

An organism’s adaptations to it’s environment are the result of

A

evolution

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2
Q

process of change that has transformed life on Earth

A

evolution

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3
Q

scientific study of life

A

biology

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4
Q

In __________, complex systems are reduced to simpler components to make them more manageable to study

A

reductionism

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5
Q

T/F: Biosphere > Ecosystem

A

True

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6
Q

T/F: Community > Populations

A

True

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7
Q

Organisms > Tissues

A

True

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8
Q

Tissues > Organelles

A

True

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9
Q

result from the arrangement & interaction of parts within a system

A

emergent properties

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10
Q

__________ ____________ characterize non-biological entities

A

emergent properties

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11
Q

an organism’s basic unit of structure & function

A

cell

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12
Q

the _____ is the smallest unit of life that can perform all the required activities

A

cell

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13
Q

all cells share certain characteristics, such as being enclosed by a

A

plasma memebrane

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14
Q

what are the 2 main types of cells

A

prokaryotic & eukaryotic

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15
Q

bacteria are ____________ cells

A

prokaryotic

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16
Q

contains membrane-enclosed organelles, including a DNA-containing nucleus

A

Eukaryotic cell

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17
Q

Eukaryotic cells are

A

large

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18
Q

Prokaryotic cells are

A

small

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19
Q

chromosomes contain most of a cell’s genetic material in the form of

A

DNA

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20
Q

the units of inheritance that transmit info from parents to offspring

A

genes

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21
Q

the four kinds of chemical building blocks found in DNA

A

nucleotides

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22
Q

the four nucleotides are

A

Adenosine, Thymine, Cytosine, & Guanine

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23
Q

_________ the major player in building & maintaining a cell

A

protein

24
Q

genes control protein production indirectly, using ______ as an intermediary

A

RNA

25
Q

the study of sets of genes within and between species

A

Genomics

26
Q

use of computational tools to store, organize, and analyze huge volume of data

A

bioinformatics

27
Q

the core theme of biology

A

evolution

28
Q

accounts for the unity and diversity of life

A

evolution

29
Q

the most inclusive (biggest) grouping of life

A

domain

30
Q

the least inclusive (smallest) grouping of life

A

species

31
Q

the kingdoms of life are divided into ________ domains

A

3

32
Q

the 3 domains of life are

A

Bacteria, Archaea, & Eukarya

33
Q

which domains are prokaryotes

A

bacteria & archaea

34
Q

Domain _________ includes 4 multicellular kingdoms

A

Eukarya

35
Q

What are the 4 multicellular kingdoms

A

Plantae, Fungi, Animalia, & Protista

36
Q

_____ is the universal genetic language common to all organisms

A

DNA

37
Q

Who wrote the book Origin of Species by Natural Selection

A

Charles Darwin

38
Q

Darwin’s term for when the environment “selects” for the propagation of beneficial traits

A

natural selection

39
Q

the search for info & explanation

A

inquiry

40
Q

recorded observations

A

data

41
Q

data in descriptions rather than measurements

A

qualitative data

42
Q

data in recorded measurements which are sometimes organized into tables and graphs

A

quantitative data

43
Q

draws conclusions through the logical process of induction

A

inductive reasoning

44
Q

extrapolates from general premises to specific predictions

A

deductive reasoning

45
Q

compares an experimental group with a control group

A

controlled experiment

46
Q

in a controlled experiment, ________ _______ are used to cancel effects of unwanted variables

A

control groups

47
Q

A _______ is broader in scope than a hypothesis

A

theory

48
Q

A _______ is general enough to lead to a new testable hypothesis

A

theory

49
Q

A ______ is supported by a large body of evidence in comparison to a hypothesis

A

theory

50
Q

the ordered division & naming of organisms

A

taxonomy

51
Q

who started binomial nomenclature

A

Carolus Linnaeus

52
Q

in binomial nomenclature the _________ always begins with a capital letter and the __________ is always lowercase

A

Genus, species (specific epithet)

53
Q

the two-part scientific name of a species is called a

A

binomial

54
Q

In binomial nomenclature, the first part of the name is the

A

Genus

55
Q

In binomial nomenclature , the second part of the name is the

A

specific epithet

56
Q

the taxonomic groups from narrow to broad are

A

species < genus < family < order < class < phylum < kingdom < domain

57
Q

the taxonomic groups from largest to smallest are

A

(Domain King Phillip Came Over For Green Salad)

Domain > Kingdom > Phylum > Class > Order > Family > Genus > Species

Principles of Biology I (1 decks)

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