Exam 1 (Ch. 1 & 2)

Question 1

Lifespan Development

Answer 1

“womb to tomb” systematic changes

Question 2

Cohort

Answer 2

group of people born around the same time and place

Question 3

Continuous

Answer 3

smooth transition with age

Question 4

Discontinuous

Answer 4

Stages of development

Question 5

Nature

Answer 5

genetic inheritance

Question 6

Nurture

Answer 6

environment

Question 7

Urie Bronfenbrenner

Answer 7

context/ecological model

Question 8

Microsystem

Answer 8

family, home

Question 9

Exosystem

Answer 9

town, culture

Question 10

Mesosystem

Answer 10

interaction of microsystem with school, work, church, etc. (community)

Question 11

Macrosystem

Answer 11

country, politics, govt

Question 12

Chronosystem

Answer 12

changes in time in any system (micro, exo, meso, macro)

Question 13

Vygotsky

Answer 13

sociocultural perspective: child is a social learner, learns through interaction with others

Question 14

Cross Sectional Study

Answer 14

different subjects at different ages

Question 15

Longitudinal Study

Answer 15

same subjects at different ages; tracks growth

Question 16

IRB

Answer 16

Institutional Review Board that approves human research

Question 17

Debriefing

Answer 17

if you deceive participants you must tell them what you were really researching after the study

Question 18

Gametes

Answer 18

haploid germ cell that when combined with another from the opposite sex, forms a zygote

Question 19

Chromosomes

Answer 19

genetic information

Question 20

Human Genome

Answer 20

3 billion base pairs

Question 21

Zygote

Answer 21

0-2 weeks, conception

Question 22

Embryonic

Answer 22

2-8 weeks, organogenesis, teratogens

Question 23

Fetal

Answer 23

2-9 months, birth

Question 24

Critical Period

Answer 24

a specific period in development when a particular event has greater consequences

Question 25

Theory

Answer 25

broad explanation of a phenomena

Question 26

Psychodynamic Theory

Answer 26

behavior is motivated by inner forces (memory, conflicts) that are beyond the person's control

Question 27

Private Speech

Answer 27

speech by children that is spoken and directed at themselves

Question 28

Homozygous

Answer 28

inheriting 2 of the same allele (1 from each parent)

Question 29

Heterozygous

Answer 29

inheriting 2 different alleles (1 from each parent)

Question 30

Dizygotic Twins

Answer 30

2 separate ova fertilized by 2 separate sperm (fraternal twins)

Question 31

Monozygotic Twins

Answer 31

genetically identical twins

Question 32

Polygenic Inheritance

Answer 32

a combination of gene pairs is responsible for a single trair

Question 33

Temperament

Answer 33

patterns of arousal and emotionality that represent consistent characteristics in an idividual

Question 34

Apgar Scale

Answer 34

measurement system that looks for good health in newborns

Question 35

Habituation

Answer 35

Decrease in response to a stimulus after frequent exposure to the stimulus