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BMS 250-30, Anatomy > Exam 1 - Ch. 1, 2, 4, 5 > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Ch. 1, 2, 4, 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of structure and form

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2
Q

Physiology

A

The study of functions

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3
Q

1st level of organization

A

Chemical level

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4
Q

2nd level of organization

A

Cellular level

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5
Q

3rd level of organization

A

Tissue level

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6
Q

4 major types of tissue

A

epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous

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7
Q

4th level of organization

A

Organ level

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8
Q

5th level of organization

A

Organ system level

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9
Q

6th level of organization

A

Organismal Level

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10
Q

Standing upright, feel parallel and flat on floor, upper limbs at sides, palms forward, head level and eyes forward

A

Anatomical position

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11
Q

Toward the front

A

Anterior/Ventral

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12
Q

Toward the back

A

Posterior/Dorsal

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13
Q

Above

A

Superior

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14
Q

Below

A

Inferior

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15
Q

Toward midline/middle of body

A

Medial

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16
Q

Away from midline/middle of body

A

Lateral

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17
Q

Closer to the point of attachment

A

Proximal

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18
Q

Farther from the point of attachment

A

Distal

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19
Q

Closer to the body surface/skin

A

Superficial

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20
Q

Away from the body surface

A

Deep

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21
Q

Vertical division between left and right

A

Sagittal Plane

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22
Q

Vertical division between anterior and posterior

A

Coronal / Frontal Plane

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23
Q

Horizontal division between superior and inferior

A

Transverse Plane

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24
Q

Head, Neck, Trunk

A

Axial Region

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25
Q

Upper and Lower Limbs

A

Appendicular Region

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26
Q

Cavity: Ribs, Lungs, Heart

A

Thoracic

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27
Q

Cavity: Stomach, Digestive organs

A

Abdominal

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28
Q

Cavity: Reproductive Organs, Bladder

A

Pelvic

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29
Q

Cavity: Brain

A

Cranial

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30
Q

Cavity: Spine

A

Vertebral Canal

31
Q

Serous Membrane: around the heart

A

Pericardium

32
Q

Serous Membrane: around the lungs

33
Q

Serous Membrane: around abdominal organs

A

Peritoneum

34
Q

The ability to maintain a consistent, stable internal environment

A

Homeostasis

35
Q

Change in a variable in one direction causes effects that change the variable in the OPPOSITE DIRECTION

A

Negative Feedback

36
Q

Change in a variable in one direction causes effects that change the variable in the SAME DIRECTION

A

Positive Feedback

37
Q

Ability to dissolve many substances

A

Solubility

38
Q

Attraction of water molecules to a substance other than water

39
Q

Attraction between water molecules

40
Q

Substances that dissolve in water

A

Hydrophilic

41
Q

Substances that do not dissolve in water; Nonpolar Molecules

A

Hydrophobic

42
Q

Substances that partially dissolve in water; Phospholipids

A

Amphipathic

43
Q

Substances that dissolve in water but remain intact

A

Polar Molecules

44
Q

Substances that dissolve in water and dissociate

A

Salts, Acids, Bases

45
Q

Bio. Macromolecule:

Store Energy, Structural component of cell membranes

46
Q

Bio. Macromolecule:

Supply and Store Energy

A

Carbohydrates

47
Q

Bio. Macromolecule:

Store and transfer genetic material

A

Nucleic Acids

48
Q

Membrane Protein:

Communicate to other cells that they belong to the body

A

Identity Marker

49
Q

Membrane Protein:

Catalyze chemical reactions

50
Q

Membrane Protein:

Regulate the movement of substances across the membrane

A

Transport Protein

51
Q

Membrane Protein:

Secure the cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane

A

Anchoring Site

52
Q

Membrane Protein:

Bind cells to one another

A

Cell Adhesion Proteins

53
Q

Membrane Protein:

Bind ligands

54
Q

Processes by which substances are obtained and eliminated across the plasma membrane

A

Membrane Transport

55
Q

Membrane transport that DOES NOT require cellular energy

56
Q

Membrane transport that DOES require cellular energy

57
Q

The net movement of a substance from where it is more concentrated to where it is less concentrated

58
Q

Molecules pass between phospholipid molecules

A

Simple Diffusion

59
Q

Transport is assisted by a carrier protein or channel protein

A

Facilitated Diffusion

60
Q

Passive movement (diffusion) of water across a selectively permeable membrane

61
Q

A cell swells and then bursts

62
Q

A cell shrivels and shrinks

63
Q

Vesicular Transport:

Substance is secreted from cell

A

Exocytosis

64
Q

Vesicular Transport:

Substance is taken up into cell

A

Endocytosis

65
Q

A group of similar cells that perform a common function

66
Q

Tissue:

Densely packed cells, little to no ECM

A

Epithelial Tissue

67
Q

Physical protection, selective permeability, secretions, sensations

A

Epithelial Tissue Functions

68
Q

ET Classification:

1 cell layer

69
Q

ET Classification:

2+ cell layers

A

Stratified

70
Q

ET Classification:

1 cell layer, looks like more

A

Pseudostratified

71
Q

ET Classification:

flat, wide, irregular cell

72
Q

ET Classification:

cell as tall as it is wide

73
Q

ET Classification:

cell taller than it is wide

74
Q

ET Classification:

cell that changes shape

A

Transitional

BMS 250-30, Anatomy (1 decks)

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