Exam 1 Cards: Lecture 1

Question 1

What is the tooth numbering system used most often by orthodontists?

Answer 1

Palmer (symbols and numbers)

Question 2

What would tooth #14 be in the International Numbering system?

Answer 2

26 (quadrant 2, tooth number 6)

Question 3

Which of the Craniofacial Growth Theories adequately describes craniofacial growth?

Answer 3

No one theory explains all aspects

Question 4

Which type of bone development is less susceptible ot environmental influence?

Answer 4

Endochondral

Question 5

What is the basic tenet of the direct genetic control theory?

Answer 5

Bone growth is controlled by genetics, the bone will grown to a genetically pre-determined size no matter what the environment is like

Question 6

What is the theory that postulates that sutures are the growth centers for bone?

Answer 6

Sicher’s Theory of Sutural Growth

Question 7

Which bone growth theory surmises that there is genetic control of cartilage frowth with consequent passive displacment of bone?

Answer 7

Epigenetic

Question 8

What is the name of the theory that states the growth of cartilage is genetically determined and bone responds to this

Answer 8

Scott’s Cartilagenous Growth Theory

Question 9

What is the basic gist of the environmental control model of CF growth?

Answer 9

Bone and Cartilage growth are controlled by signals from other tissues thereby growing in response to the environment

Question 10

What is the name of the theory that states that the growth of the face is in responds to environmental influences of functional demands and that growth of bones would be mediate via soft tissues and muscle forces?

Answer 10

Moss’ Functional Matrix Theory

Question 11

How does the cranial base grow?

Answer 11

Endochondral ossification

Question 12

How do the cranial bones form?

Answer 12

Intramembranous formation

Question 13

What are the three ways in which the cranium is signaled to grow?

Answer 13

Neural growth
Apposition at sutures
Periosteal Apposition and Endosteal Resorption

Question 14

What are the three bones of the baste of the skull

Answer 14

Occipital
Sphenoid
Ethmoid

Question 15

What are the three sutures in the base

Answer 15

Spheno-occipital
Inter-sphenoid
Speno-ethmoid

Question 16

What is the first suture to ossify

Answer 16

Inter-sphenoid

Question 17

Which suture ossifies at age 7

Answer 17

Spheno-ethmoid

Question 18

Which suture ossifies later in life, around 18 years

Answer 18

Spheno-occipital

Question 19

By which process does the maxilla grow?

Answer 19

Intramembranous ossification

Question 20

How does the maxilla grow from birth to the age of 7

Answer 20

Passive displacement of the nasomaxillary complex downward and forward due to growth of the cranial base

Question 21

After age 7, how does the maxilla grow?

Answer 21

Displacement down and forward by external stimuli with bone deposition at posterior and superior sutures

Remodeling with resorption anteriorly and apposition at roof of mouth

Question 22

What anatomical feature grows 25% faster than the maxilla

Answer 22

nose