Exam 1 Blueprint Flashcards
Pyloric stenosis symptoms
- Hallmark signs: Projectile vomiting, moveable olive-shaped mass in epigastrium
- Sunken fontanel, poor skin turgor
Medication calculation
Know safe dose of Tylenol
Oral rehydration for diarrhea
10mL/kg/stool
- Use Pedialyte (1/2 str Gatorade)
- No clear liquids or caffeine
- No BRAT diet
- No juice
Measles symptoms
- High fever
- Conjunctivitis
- Koplik spots: white spots in mouth
- Coryza, cough, anorexia, rash maculopapular from face to trunk to extremities
NEVER ASPIRIN (REYES SYNDROME)
Dried milk vs candidiasis
You can’t remove yeast with tongue blade, but you can with dried milk
Pain scales
- Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) used for 0-28 DAYS
- FLACC used for 1 month to 7 years
- FACES used for >7 yrs
Types of Families
Nuclear, Extended, Blended, Single parent, Bi-Nuclear, Polygamous, Communal, LGBT+
Nuclear vs Extended vs Blended
Nuclear Family: Two parents, married with their biological children
Extended: One parent, one or more children, and one or more related/unrelated members living together
Blended: At least one stepparent, stepsibling, or half-sibling (Brady Bunch)
Communal vs Bi-Nuclear vs Polygamous
Single parent: This can be due to divorce, death, etc.
Bi-Nuclear: Joint-Custody
Polygamous: Multi wives or husbands
Single vs. LGBT+
Single parent: This can be due to divorce, death, etc.
LBGT+: May or may not be married, tied by children that are biological, adopted, etc.
Asthma symptoms
- Expiratory wheezing, dry cough, restlessness. (common manifestations)
- Infant: grunting, nasal flaring, retractions
- Others are prolonged expiration, tachypnea, cyanosis, marked. resp. depression, chronic use of. accessory muscles
Asthma treatment
- Assess and monitor
- Give humidified oxy prn
- IV access
- Position patient in high fowlers
Asthma meds
- Bronchodilators (albuterol inhaler) (most typical)
- Anti-inflammatories, IV Fluids, Oxygen
- For kids who play sports, take inhaler before exercising
Asthma diagnosis
- Diagnosed by chest x-ray and showing of symptoms
- Pulmonary function tests (severity of already diagnosed asthma)
Pain relief for 2 months old prior to needle stick
- Sugar/sucrose on bottle nipples (Sweeties)
Family-centered Care
e.g., Allowing siblings to visit, education, family is constant in child’s life when they are in the hospital
Five main principles
- Family is CENTER
- Family should be involved in collabs and communication about care
-Need to be respectful about cultural diversity
- Not all families cope the same way
- All families need a support system (other families)
ESRD diet
Low sodium diet, low potassium, fluid restriction, chicken breast!!!, lots of greens
ESRD symptoms
coming soon
ESRD treatment
coming soon
Immunizations and preventing disease
Look up which to give 4 mnth during well baby visit:
RV, DTaP, Hib, PVC 13, IPV
Infant dehydration symptoms/signs
- Weight loss **: if baby loses oz, it is A LOT
- For each 1% weight loss = 10 ml/kg of fluids lost
- Depressed fontanel
- Tenting of skin
- Poor skin turgor
Lyme disease
Tick bites
RSV risk factors
- RVs: Older siblings, daycare, smoking, cup sharing
- Make sure child is using soap when washing
RSV symptoms
Thick mucus, cough, fever
RSV diagnosis
Swab test, showing of symptoms
RSV treatment
Suction, give fluids, Oxy
Hemolytic uremic syndrome triad
Anemia, ARF, and thrombocytopenia (triad)
Hemolytic uremic syndrome labs
o Increased BUN & creatine, decreased PLT & HCT,
Hemolytic uremic syndrome symptoms
c oming soon
Hemolytic uremic syndrome treatments
coming
Epiglottis symptoms
tripoding, drooling, saliva, stridor, fever
Epiglottis treatment
NEVER leave child alone
coming soon
Cleft palate repair and language
We want to repair as soon as we can to prevent speech delay and enhance language acquisition
Infants and additional water
No need to add water with BFing
Maintenance fluid calculation
100ml per kg up to 10 kg
Car seat installation
REAR FACING & LOCK IN
Cystic fibrosis symptoms
coming
Cystic fibrosis treatment
Pancreatic enzyme, ADEK vit, chest physiotherapy, Vibratory vest
Cystic fibrosis diagnosis
Sweat test
Object permanence
You hide object but they know it’s still there
Animisim
Child gives inanimate object human characteristics
Herd immunity
Majority of community is vaccinated as it cocoons non-vacc person from getting sick
Infant vaccine site
- Vastus lateralis anterior lateral thigh for child who cannot walk
- FACES for >6 yr olds
Measure output on child not toilet trained
- Weight diaper for non-trained pt
- If part pee and part poo, document as mixed
Hirschsprung’s Disease symptoms
Has not pooped meconium stool in 24-48 hr
Hirschsprung’s Disease treatment
Surgical removal
Hirschsprung’s Disease diagnosis
coming soon
Sick infant in ED
When was the last time they ate? Pooped? Onset of symptoms? How many times was diaper changed?
Celiac Disease diet
GLUTEN-FREE diet: rice, corn, basically anything with NO wheat
No beer!!!! Have vodka instead ;)
Celiac disease symptoms
coming
Celiac disease treatment
coming
Most common cause of diarrhea in children
Rotavirus so make sure to get vacc-ed
Vomiting treatment
- No specific treatment unless they get dehydrated
- Let them spew it all out
Activities for 2-year-old
Stacking blocks, Pushing balls, riding tricycle, throw objects
Water excess labs
Decreased Na+, BUN, HCT, & specific gravity
Water excess symptoms
coming
School age bicycle safety
WEAR A HELMET, ELBOW/KNEE PADS, EYE PROTECTION
School age obesity
Sedentary lifestyle (electronics) and fast food
GER Treatment
Sit them up!!
Infant teething pain
- Cold chewing thing
- OTC Meds and rub on their gums
Pediatric nurse responsibilities
- Basic nursing shit
- Basic therapeutic relationship
- Assist in counseling and decisions
- Education!!
- Don’t provide financial assistance, it is not your job or place
Priority care in MD office
- If pt is grunting, see them first!
Examples: - Mom brings in baby and is 9 months old, grunting; child comes in with belly ache and throwing up, school sent home the kid bc they have measles, child with head lice; see grunting pt first
- Hospital: post op appendectomy, pain med q4; child with RSV o2 sat at 90% but was 94%; child vomiting after appendectomy, haven’t had BM and is having pain; see RSV pt first
