Exam 1: Biofuels and Enzymes

Question 1

Enzymes

Answer 1

• biological catalysts
  -speed up rate of chemical reactions by reducing activation energy
• active site region is where chemical reactions take place(substrate binds
• chemical characteristics and position of functional groups critical for activity

Question 1

Biofuels

Answer 1

liquid or gaseus fuels that are manufactured from biomass, such as agricultural crops and biodegradable parts of waste; industries use cellulases(enzymes) to produce biofuels

-several other types

Question 2

Name all the factors that effect enzyme activity

Answer 2

temperature, concentration, and pH

Question 3

How does pH affect enzyme activity?

Answer 3

• alters charges of ionizable chains and termini
  -means it changes conformation and or/affinity for substrate binding, making the enzyme less effective
• it can slow down activity, or even denature enzymes`

Question 4

How does concentration affect enzyme activity?

Answer 4

• the higher the ENZYME concentration, the faster the reaction
• increasing the concentration of a SUBSTRATE will speed up the reaction, until the enzyme is saturated (increasing will not affect reaction rate at this point, will stay the same)

Question 4

How does temperature affect enzyme activity?

Answer 4

• higher temperatures can speed up the reaction of enzyme’s work, while lower temperatures can slow down the reaction of enzymes
• extreme heat can cause enzymes to denature/stop working, can vary with various organisms

Question 5

Study graphs, they are important for exam!

Answer 5

They will be on exam!