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Rad Pos Extremities > Exam 1 (Basics/Chest and Abd > Flashcards

Exam 1 (Basics/Chest and Abd Flashcards

1
Q

overall blackening/darkness of the film

A

density

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2
Q

density is controlled by _____

A

mAs

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3
Q

the difference between adjacent densities on a radiograph or varying shades of gray on film

A

contrast

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4
Q

contrast is controlled by

A

kVp

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5
Q

other influencing factors of radiographic quality

A 
amount or type of tissue
collimation
filtration and grids
SID
processing
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6
Q

T or F

a film does not need to be repeated routinely for contrast

A

true

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7
Q

if you double mA, mAs will be _____

A

doubled

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8
Q

100mA x .2s =

A

20 mAs

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9
Q

200mA x .2s

A

40 mAs

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10
Q

how do you make the flim twice as dark?

A

double the mAs

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11
Q

how do you make the film half as dark?

A

cut the mAs in half

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12
Q

if you double the time the mAs is _____

A

doubled

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13
Q

if you half the time, the mAs is _____

A

halved

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14
Q

doubling or halving the the mAs will double or half ______, and is known as what?

A

flim density, 50% mAs reciprocal rule

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15
Q

adding or subtracting ___% kVp has the same effect on film density as doubling or halving the mAs, and is known as what?

A

15%, 15% kVp rule

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16
Q

if you can see the bone, leave the _____ alone

A

kVp

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17
Q

if SID is changed, is mAs or kVp adjusted?

A

mAs

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18
Q

if SID changes from 40” to 72” multiply the mAs by __

A

3

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19
Q

if SID is changed from 72 to 40, how would you change the mAs

A

divide by 3

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20
Q

chest radiography requires a high ____

A

kVp

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21
Q

chest films are at ___”

why?

A

72

reduce magnification of the heart

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22
Q

what filter is used for chest films?

A

none

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23
Q

what views are in a routine chest series?

A

PA

left lateral

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24
Q

film size for PA chest

A

14x17

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25
Q

where do you position the cassette for PA film?

A

1 1/2 inches above the VP

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26
Q

where is the ID blocker on PA chest?

A

UP

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27
Q

where is the marker for PA chest?

A

L on left side above shoulder

28
Q

what are the breathing instructions for PA chest?

A

deep inspiration and hold

29
Q

what filter is used for PA chest?

A

none

30
Q

optimal PA chest films have ___ thoracics identified well

A

4

31
Q

optimal PA chest has how many ribs visible?

A

10 posterior or 7 anterior

32
Q

PA chest needs to include the top of the ____ to the bottom of the _____

A

apices

costophrenic angle

33
Q

film size for left lateral chest

A

14x17

34
Q

patient positioning for left lateral chest

A

left side against bucky, arms extended over head

35
Q

breathing instructions for left lateral chest

A

deep inspiration and hold

36
Q

filter used for left lateral chest

A

none

37
Q

chest accessory views (2)

A

apical lordotic

left lateral decubitus

38
Q

how is an apical lordotic done?

A

chest is tipped and CR is perpendicular to film
or
chest is parallel to film and CR is tilted 15 degrees cephalic

39
Q

why is apical lordotic view done?

A

to project clavicles

40
Q

film size for KUB

A

14x17

41
Q

for KUB, CR is at ____

A

iliac crest

42
Q

breathing instructions for KUB

A

exhale and hold

43
Q

what does a KUB show?

A

kidneys, ureter, bladder

44
Q

aka KUB

A

recumbent, flat plate

45
Q

if aneurysm is suspected, do _____

A

lateral abdomen

46
Q

an upright AP abdomen is done to show what? (2)

A

free air in abdominal cavity

air-fluid levels

47
Q

upright AP abdomen, top of cassette is at the level of the _____

A

axilla

48
Q

upright AP abdomen CR is approximately where?

A

2” above iliac crest

49
Q

upright AP abdomen needs to include the top of the ____

A

diaphragm

50
Q

clinic rib series

A

AP unilateral AD or BD
AD or BD posterior oblique
PA chest

51
Q

why would a rib view be done recumbent?

A

to show better detail

52
Q

film placement for AP AD recumbent ribs?

A

top of film is 1 1/2 inches above VP

53
Q

film placement for AP BD recumbent ribs

A

bottom of film is at iliac crest

54
Q

patient positioning for posterior oblique ribs

A

rotate unaffected side 45 degrees away from the bucky

55
Q

flim placement for AD posterior oblique ribs

A

top of cassette is 1 1/2 inches above VP

56
Q

flim placement for BD posterior oblique ribs

A

bottom of cassette at ililac crest

57
Q

breathing instructions for AD posterior oblique ribs

A

inhale and hold

58
Q

breathing instructions for BD posterior oblique ribs

A

exhale and hold

59
Q

universal routine rib series

A

AP or PA (unilateral or bilateral)
posterior oblique
PA chest

60
Q

SID for AP or PA ribs

A

40”

61
Q

film size and orientation for bilateral ribs

A

14x17 transverse

62
Q

cassette placement for bilateral AD ribs

A

1 1/2 inches above shoulders

63
Q

cassette placement for bilteral BD ribs

A

bottom of cassette at crest

64
Q

4 most common reasons for pediatric radiography

A

chest
abdomen
bone survey
extremities

65
Q

it is usually normal to see air where?

A

under the left hemi-diaphragm (megan blas)

66
Q

gonadal shield may be used on ____ if it doesnt interfere with abdominal anatomy

A

males

Rad Pos Extremities (3 decks)

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