Exam 1 Flashcards
What is the difference between a monocot and a dicot?
Monocot:
- one cotyledon
- parallel veins
- xylem and phloem through the stem
Dicot:
- two cotyledons
- non-parallel veins
- xylem and phloem on the outer edge of stems
What is a Forage?
A crop grown to be used as livestock feed by grazing or harvesting the vegetative parts of the crop.
Name the types of forage crops.
Grasses
Legumes
Forbs
Shrubs and Trees
What are the stages of grass growth?
Vegetative
Elongation
Reproductive
What are the categories of grasses?
Cool vs Warm Season Growth
Plant Life Cycles
Bunching vs Sod-forming (spreading)
What is the key point of Symbiotic N Fixation in Legumes?
Plants the the Nitrogen they need in exchange for giving the bacteria the sugars it needs.
What is the role of legumes in a pasture mix?
- fix nitrogen from the atmosphere (improve fertility)
- improve forage quality
- help stabilize seasonal forage production
List 5 cool season legumes
Alfalfa White clover Red clover Crimson Hairy Vetch
List 5 Warm season and Tropical legumes
Cowpea Velvet bean Annual lespedeza Perennial peanut Kudzu
List 5 tropical tree legumes (perennial)
Albinos
Leuceana
Acacia
Sesbania
What is a forb?
- dicot
- broadleaf plant
- herbaceous flowering plant
- non-woody stem
- may be annual or perennial
Common forage forbs in Ohio
Chicory
Forage plantain
Brassicas like rape, turnip, radish, collard, kale, mustard
Are forbs generally a bloat risk of livestock?
Forbs in pasture mix have a lower bloat risk than many legumes. Adding grass to the ration reduces the risk.
What is ecology?
Interrelationships of grasses,legumes,weeds,soil,organisms and grazing animals with their environment.
What are the categories of ecology?
- Non-living components (climate,topography,soil)
- primary producers: plants that capture solar energy
- herbivores feed on plants
- carnivores feed on other organisms
- decomposes feed on dead organisms
