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Approaches to Clinical Psychology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Pinel

A

Frenchman; head of asylums

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2
Q

Turke

A

UK; moral treatment of patients

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3
Q

Todd

A

USA; moral treatment in patients

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4
Q

Dix

A

better housing and treatment for patients

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5
Q

Binet

A

norms, deviation, and measurement

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6
Q

Spearman

A

“g”; general factor of intelligence

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7
Q

Rorschach

A

Psychodiagnostik; ink blot tests or “creativity tests”

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8
Q

Kraeplin

A

classified disorders, which paved the way for the DSM

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9
Q

Galton

A

anthropomorphic lab (measure of human characteristics); motor skills, reaction time, sensory acuteness

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10
Q

Cattell

A

coined “mental tests”, reaction time and intelligence

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11
Q

Resnick definition of clinical psychology

A

research, teaching, and services relevant to the application principles, method and procedures for understanding, predicting and alleviating intellectual, emotional, biological, intellectual social and behavioral maladjustment, disability, discomfort for a wide range of clients

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12
Q

psychiatrist

A

diagnose and treat psychological disorders; can prescribe meds

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13
Q

counseling psychologist

A

treatment of mild emotional and behavioral disorders

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14
Q

school psychologists

A

evaluate and assist kids with learning problems or special needs

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15
Q

rehabilitation psychologists

A

help with mental retardation, development disabilities that result from stroke or accidents

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16
Q

health psychologists

A

the effect of health on mental processes and mental processes on health

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17
Q

psych nurse

A

?

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18
Q

clinical psychologist - where the work and what they do

A

work at hospital or private practive; interview, test, diagnose and treat

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19
Q

abnormal behavior

A

hard to define, no criterion, no conforming to norms, disability interferes with life

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20
Q

conform to norms

A

ability to use social standards, which define deviant behavior; statistically infrequent and violates norms

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21
Q

subjective distress

A

based on feelings; ppl assess own experience

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22
Q

disability/dysfunction

A

abnormality in everyday life functioning; subjective experience and objectively observed

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23
Q

mental disorder comes from …

A

a set of abnormal behaviors

24
Q

DSM definition of mental disorder

A

syndrome with a set of abnormal behaviors that cause distress or disability and dysfunction as well as an increase risk of problems

25
Q

advantages of diagnosis

A

distinction of abnormal behaviors, simplified communication, able to research, provide a treatment plan

26
Q

history of DSM IV and DSM IV TR

A

?

27
Q

5 axes of DSM

A
  1. clinical disorders 2. personality assessment 3. medical conditions 4. environmental/social conditions 5. global assessment scale
28
Q

steps of clinical assessment

A

REFERRAL, evaluations of strengths and weaknesses, conceptualization of disorder, and treatment plan

29
Q

interview process

A
  1. chief complaint 2. history of present illness 3. psychological history 4. developmental history 5. family history 6. social history 7. medical history 8. dangerous behaviors 9. mental status (behavioral eval)
30
Q

Reformers who increased respect for mentally ill

A

Pinel, Turke, Todd, Dix

31
Q

objective measures characteristics

A

standardized administration, fixed answers

32
Q

advantages and disadvantages of objective measures

A
  • efficient and economical, objective and reliable, use of standardized administration
  • items may not always equal psychological experience
33
Q

projective measures

A

using ambiguous stimuli for the patient to interpret

34
Q

advantages and disadvantages of projective measures

A
  • indirect method, freedom of response

- more variables from interpretation

35
Q

Empirical criterion keying approach

A

patients describe themselves in certain ways, which describe normal/abnormal experiences, groups respond generally the same way

36
Q

MMPI 1: definitions and problems

A
  • personality with clinical and non-clinical groups

- standardization was unrepresentative, language was obsolete/sexist, no assessment for suicide or drug use

37
Q

MMPI 2: definition, development and validity

A
  • more items on test written better

- validates questions asked 2 different ways to prevent malingering, help to interpret more than label

38
Q

MCMI III

A

Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory - from theory of personality and psychopathy, personality and clinical scales, helps with diagnosing axis 2 disorders

39
Q

Inkblot test

A

by Rorschach; symmetrical black & white and color cards; scored on location, determinate, and content

40
Q

TAT

A

personality from response to pics; shows locus of problems, needs, and quality of relationships

41
Q

executive functioning

A

planning, inhibition/impulse control, delaying response, mental set, attention/concentration

42
Q

WAIS

A

Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale; information, comprehension, vocabulary

43
Q

Measures of Abstract Reasoning

A

proverbs, similarities, subtest from Weschler, Wisconsin Card sorting test

44
Q

Memory Tests

A

WMS-III, Rey-O, CVLT

45
Q

Language

A

Boston, Vocab from Weschler, Peabody

46
Q

psychometric concepts

A
  • reliability and validity
  • consistency within the test
  • test what it’s supposed to test
47
Q

types of reliability

A
  • test/re-test
  • equivalent forms
  • split-half
  • internal consistency
  • interrater/interjudge reliability
48
Q

types of validity

A
  • content
  • predictive
  • concurrent
  • construct
49
Q

ratio IQ

A

used to express deviance; (mental age/ chronological age))x100

50
Q

deviation IQ

A
  • used to compare others at same chronological age

- assumes normal distribution of intelligence

51
Q

Spearman Theory of Intelligence

A
  • factor analytic approach

- “g” general factor and “s” specific factor

52
Q

Cattell theory of intelligence

A
  • fluid ability: genetically based on intellectual capacity

- crystalized ability: capacities from culture-based learning

53
Q

Gardner’s theory of intelligence

A
  • multiple intelligences:

- lingual, musical, logical, spatial, kinesthetic, people

54
Q

correlates of the IQ

A
  • school success

- occupational status and success

55
Q

what type of test shows heritability of intelligence

A

adoption studies

Approaches to Clinical Psychology (1 decks)

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