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forensic psychology > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

aggression

A

goal to inflict harm on someone who will avoid it

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2
Q

affective aggression

A

impulsive and driven by anger

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3
Q

instrumental aggression

A

premeditated means to reach a goal other than to harm

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4
Q

biological theories

A

-body, heredity, intelligence

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5
Q

cesare lombroso

A

certain individuals are born criminal

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6
Q

hormones that contribute to aggrssion

A

testosterone and cortisol

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7
Q

XYY males

A

-hyperactive, temper tantrums, learning disabilities

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8
Q

hormone that mediates aggression

A

seratonin

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9
Q

damage to the ___________ impairs decision making and increases aggression

A

prefrontal cortex

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10
Q

ethology

A

study of animal behavior

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11
Q

two schools of thought for animal behavior patterns

A

behaviors are built in and complex ones are passed through genes

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12
Q

hydraulic model (lorenz)

A

the expression of any fixed action pattern depends upon the accumulation of energy

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13
Q

konrad lorenz view on aggression

A

saw aggression as a way to preserve the species and regularly improve it

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14
Q

FIRST Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis

A

aggression is instigated by frustration due to environmental factors interfering with goals

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15
Q

REVISED Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis

A

frustration creates a readiness for aggression that depends on eliciting events
aggression = primed to be aggressive + cues

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16
Q

general strain theory

A

aggression is a result of strain

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17
Q

cognitive scripts

A

learned ways of responding that are stored in your memory and are used as guides for behavior and problem solving

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18
Q

social learning theory

A

aggressive behaviors are acquired through observation of others and acted upon depending on reward/punishment

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19
Q

narcissistic personality disorder

A

entitled, exaggerated abilities, no empathy

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20
Q

personality construct associated with aggression

A

boredom

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21
Q

disinhibition hypothesis

A

alcohol weakens the brain mechanisms that restrain impulsive behavior

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22
Q

what steroids increase aggression

A

anabolic steroids

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23
Q

homicide

A

killing of another human being

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24
Q

murder

A

unlawful killing of another human being with malice (general intention of doing a wrongful act)

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25
deadly weapon doctrine
someone who uses a deadly weapon against another has the intention to kill
26
felony murder
when death occurs while someone is doing a felony
27
felony murder rule 3 requirements
- inherently dangerous - held to mal in se - were felonies committed at common law
28
redline view
a felon is not guilty of murder for his accomplice when his accomplice is shot by the police because its a justifyable homicide
29
First degree Murder
Premeditated and deliberate (subjective)
30
To establish premeditation
- The defendant’s prior possession of the murder weapon - Approach towards the victim - Prior threats - Deliberate infliction of wounds
31
Second degree Murder
- Killing with malice aforethought and no premeditation | - Disregard for human risk
32
Voluntary Manslaughter
- Intentional homicide under circumstances that mitigate the killing - No malice aforethought - Heat of passion
33
Criminal negligence
Conduct that involves a high degree of risk of death
34
Assault
Attempt or threat to inflict harm | -Intentional placing of another person in apprehension of being harmed
35
Battery
- Unlawful application of force to the person of another or to an extension of the other - Application of force must be unwanted
36
Larceny
Trespassing where you take someone’s property away with the intent of depriving them from it permanently
37
possession vs title
Possession -Legal right to control and object physically for a reasonably long period of time Title -Legal ownership
38
Embezzlement
- Conversion of property in a way that interferes with the owner’s right to property - Using property for an extended period of time, selling it, damaging it, etc
39
Robbery
Larceny by violence or intimidation
40
Burglary
Breaking and entering a dwelling of another in the night-time with intent to commit a felony
41
arson
First degree - schools, homes, churches Second degree - unoccupied structures, vehicles Third degree - personal property
42
chapter 1 case
People v. Schmidt | Schmidt was accused of killing and dismembering women but plead insanity because he said "god made me do it".
43
Dan White
Shot two councilmen, plead insanity for eating too much junk food that caused his depression and made him act up
44
Ted Kaczynski
loaded boxes with exposives
45
George Banks
shot 13 family members
46
John Allen Muhammad and Lee Boyd Ma
killed 10 people in Virginia
47
Dennis Rader
10 counts of first degree murder, no empathy
48
Seung-Hui Cho
worst school shooting in the US
49
Apocalyptic religious groups
engage in terrorism through religion | principles = no negotiation and no peacemaking
50
Leaders in current forensic psychology - James McKeen Cattell
conducted the earliest research studies in forensic psychology -memory questions to students
51
Leaders in current forensic psychology - William Stern
studied witness recall
52
Albert von Schrenck
- first recorded example of forensic psychology in the court room - argued that pretrial publicity resulted in witnesses not being able to distinguish between what they actually saw and what they had read in the news - retroactive memory falsification
53
retroactive memory falsification
pretrial publicity resulted in witnesses not being able to distinguish between what they actually saw and what they had read in the news
54
Karl Marbe
was the first psychologist to serve as an expert witness in a civil t
55
Hugo Münsterberg
- father of forensic psychology - advocated for forensic psychology in the court system - wrote a book about the psychological factors that can affect a trial’s outcome - recommended that witnesses be tested for reliability in experimental situations before their testimony is accepted
56
William Marston
- first American professor of “legal psychology" | - made blood pressure test
57
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas
-the first time that psychological research was cited in a Supreme Court decision
58
Kenneth Bancroft Clark
-designed the "doll test" to study psychological effects of segregation
59
Jim Crow
codified separation of the races and limited the freedom and options of former slaves in the South following the
60
Jim Crow
codified separation of the races and limited the freedom and options of former slaves in the South following the
61
Bruno Bettelheim
-coined the term "refrigerator moms" who were too incompetent to bond with their children emotionally
62
Margaret Hagen
- thinks expert testimony is a wasted resource | - psychiatry is junk science
63
forensic psychology
involves the application of scientific and professional aspects of psychology to the law
64
An expert witness testified that a patient’s doctor had been grossly negligent in the treatment and discharge of his patient in the __________ case.
Naidu v. Laird
65
When the intention to kill is carried out by extremely cruel means, the killing is classified as __________.
first degree murder
66
Expert opinion as related to social science may appear in two methods. First, the research can be applied directly to a case. Second, __________.
A conclusion might be based upon the expert’s comparison of the complaining witness with other victims of the same crime.
67
When attorneys hire psychologists as agents, their work falls under the __________ privilege.
attorney-client
68
The phrase “Don’t run with fireworks,” applies best to which of the following cases?
Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad Company

forensic psychology (1 decks)

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