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forensic psychology > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

aggression

A

goal to inflict harm on someone who will avoid it

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2
Q

affective aggression

A

impulsive and driven by anger

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3
Q

instrumental aggression

A

premeditated means to reach a goal other than to harm

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4
Q

biological theories

A

-body, heredity, intelligence

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5
Q

cesare lombroso

A

certain individuals are born criminal

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6
Q

hormones that contribute to aggrssion

A

testosterone and cortisol

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7
Q

XYY males

A

-hyperactive, temper tantrums, learning disabilities

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8
Q

hormone that mediates aggression

A

seratonin

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9
Q

damage to the ___________ impairs decision making and increases aggression

A

prefrontal cortex

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10
Q

ethology

A

study of animal behavior

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11
Q

two schools of thought for animal behavior patterns

A

behaviors are built in and complex ones are passed through genes

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12
Q

hydraulic model (lorenz)

A

the expression of any fixed action pattern depends upon the accumulation of energy

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13
Q

konrad lorenz view on aggression

A

saw aggression as a way to preserve the species and regularly improve it

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14
Q

FIRST Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis

A

aggression is instigated by frustration due to environmental factors interfering with goals

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15
Q

REVISED Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis

A

frustration creates a readiness for aggression that depends on eliciting events
aggression = primed to be aggressive + cues

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16
Q

general strain theory

A

aggression is a result of strain

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17
Q

cognitive scripts

A

learned ways of responding that are stored in your memory and are used as guides for behavior and problem solving

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18
Q

social learning theory

A

aggressive behaviors are acquired through observation of others and acted upon depending on reward/punishment

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19
Q

narcissistic personality disorder

A

entitled, exaggerated abilities, no empathy

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20
Q

personality construct associated with aggression

A

boredom

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21
Q

disinhibition hypothesis

A

alcohol weakens the brain mechanisms that restrain impulsive behavior

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22
Q

what steroids increase aggression

A

anabolic steroids

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23
Q

homicide

A

killing of another human being

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24
Q

murder

A

unlawful killing of another human being with malice (general intention of doing a wrongful act)

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25
Q

deadly weapon doctrine

A

someone who uses a deadly weapon against another has the intention to kill

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26
Q

felony murder

A

when death occurs while someone is doing a felony

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27
Q

felony murder rule 3 requirements

A
  • inherently dangerous
  • held to mal in se
  • were felonies committed at common law
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28
Q

redline view

A

a felon is not guilty of murder for his accomplice when his accomplice is shot by the police because its a justifyable homicide

29
Q

First degree Murder

A

Premeditated and deliberate (subjective)

30
Q

To establish premeditation

A
  • The defendant’s prior possession of the murder weapon
  • Approach towards the victim
  • Prior threats
  • Deliberate infliction of wounds
31
Q

Second degree Murder

A
  • Killing with malice aforethought and no premeditation

- Disregard for human risk

32
Q

Voluntary Manslaughter

A
  • Intentional homicide under circumstances that mitigate the killing
  • No malice aforethought
  • Heat of passion
33
Q

Criminal negligence

A

Conduct that involves a high degree of risk of death

34
Q

Assault

A

Attempt or threat to inflict harm

-Intentional placing of another person in apprehension of being harmed

35
Q

Battery

A
  • Unlawful application of force to the person of another or to an extension of the other
  • Application of force must be unwanted
36
Q

Larceny

A

Trespassing where you take someone’s property away with the intent of depriving them from it permanently

37
Q

possession vs title

A

Possession
-Legal right to control and object physically for a reasonably long period of time

Title
-Legal ownership

38
Q

Embezzlement

A
  • Conversion of property in a way that interferes with the owner’s right to property
  • Using property for an extended period of time, selling it, damaging it, etc
39
Q

Robbery

A

Larceny by violence or intimidation

40
Q

Burglary

A

Breaking and entering a dwelling of another in the night-time with intent to commit a felony

41
Q

arson

A

First degree - schools, homes, churches

Second degree - unoccupied structures, vehicles

Third degree - personal property

42
Q

chapter 1 case

A

People v. Schmidt

Schmidt was accused of killing and dismembering women but plead insanity because he said “god made me do it”.

43
Q

Dan White

A

Shot two councilmen, plead insanity for eating too much junk food that caused his depression and made him act up

44
Q

Ted Kaczynski

A

loaded boxes with exposives

45
Q

George Banks

A

shot 13 family members

46
Q

John Allen Muhammad and Lee Boyd Ma

A

killed 10 people in Virginia

47
Q

Dennis Rader

A

10 counts of first degree murder, no empathy

48
Q

Seung-Hui Cho

A

worst school shooting in the US

49
Q

Apocalyptic religious groups

A

engage in terrorism through religion

principles = no negotiation and no peacemaking

50
Q

Leaders in current forensic psychology - James McKeen Cattell

A

conducted the earliest research studies in forensic psychology
-memory questions to students

51
Q

Leaders in current forensic psychology - William Stern

A

studied witness recall

52
Q

Albert von Schrenck

A
  • first recorded example of forensic psychology in the court room
  • argued that pretrial publicity resulted in witnesses not being able to distinguish between what they actually saw and what they had read in the news
  • retroactive memory falsification
53
Q

retroactive memory falsification

A

pretrial publicity resulted in witnesses not being able to distinguish between what they actually saw and what they had read in the news

54
Q

Karl Marbe

A

was the first psychologist to serve as an expert witness in a civil t

55
Q

Hugo Münsterberg

A
  • father of forensic psychology
  • advocated for forensic psychology in the court system
  • wrote a book about the psychological factors that can affect a trial’s outcome
  • recommended that witnesses be tested for reliability in experimental situations before their testimony is accepted
56
Q

William Marston

A
  • first American professor of “legal psychology”

- made blood pressure test

57
Q

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas

A

-the first time that psychological research was cited in a Supreme Court decision

58
Q

Kenneth Bancroft Clark

A

-designed the “doll test” to study psychological effects of segregation

59
Q

Jim Crow

A

codified separation of the races and limited the freedom and options of former slaves in the South following the

60
Q

Jim Crow

A

codified separation of the races and limited the freedom and options of former slaves in the South following the

61
Q

Bruno Bettelheim

A

-coined the term “refrigerator moms” who were too incompetent to bond with their children emotionally

62
Q

Margaret Hagen

A
  • thinks expert testimony is a wasted resource

- psychiatry is junk science

63
Q

forensic psychology

A

involves the application of scientific and professional aspects of psychology to the law

64
Q

An expert witness testified that a patient’s doctor had been grossly negligent in the treatment and discharge of his patient in the __________ case.

A

Naidu v. Laird

65
Q

When the intention to kill is carried out by extremely cruel means, the killing is classified as __________.

A

first degree murder

66
Q

Expert opinion as related to social science may appear in two methods. First, the research can be applied directly to a case. Second, __________.

A

A conclusion might be based upon the expert’s comparison of the complaining witness with other victims of the same crime.

67
Q

When attorneys hire psychologists as agents, their work falls under the __________ privilege.

A

attorney-client

68
Q

The phrase “Don’t run with fireworks,” applies best to which of the following cases?

A

Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad Company

forensic psychology (1 decks)

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