exam 1 Flashcards
cytology could be defined as a study of:
a. cells
b. tissues
c. organs
d. the gross structure of the body
a.cells
The purpose of negative feedback is:
a. to control the of body temperature only
b. to prevent sudden and severe changes within the body
c. to keep body posture normal
d. none of the above
b.to prevent sudden and severe changes within the body
a structure that is composed of two or more tissues would be:
a. complex tissue
b. an organ system
c. an organ
d. a complex cell
c.an organ
A good example of positive feedback mechanism would be:
a. a woman’s uterine contractions during labor leading to the delivery of her baby
b. blood clotting
c. all of the above
d. none of the above
c.all of the above
Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains:
a. lowest possible energy usage
b. relatively stable internal environment
c. static state with no deviation from preset points
d. dynamic state within an unlimited range
b.relatively stable internal environment
The human body is generally considered to have six levels of structural organization. Beginning with the simplest level as number one, what is the 5th level?
a. cellular
b. organismal
c. organ system level
d. tissue level
c.organ system level
Subdivisions of anatomy include:
a. gross, macroscopic, visual, and microscopic
b. gross, regional, dissection, and surface
c. regional, surface, visual, and microscopic
d. gross, regional, systemic, and surface
d.gross, regional, systemic, and surface
Epithelial tissue:
a. highly vascularized
b. has basement membrane
c. is usually acellular
d. contains high number of fat cells
b.has basement membrane
A serous membrane consists of ____ epithelium resting on thin layer of loose areolar tissue.
a. transitional
b. simple columnar
c. simple squamous
d. simple cuboidal
c.simple squamous
Cell types likely to be seen in the loose areolar connective tissue include all except:
a. chondrocytes
b. fibroblasts
c. macrophages
d. mast cells
a.chondrocytes
The homeostatic responses of the body are regulated by which two systems?
a. digestive/urinary
b. reproductive/endocrine
c. endocrine/nervous
d. cardiovascular/respiratory
e. skeletal muscular
c.endocrine/nervous
When is the urinary bladder is distended with urine, the epithelial cells in the uppermost layer are:
a. cuboidal
b. domelike
c. squamouslike
d. columnarlike
c.squamouslike
Multicellular exocrine glands can be classified:
a. structurally into alveolar and acinar types
b. structurally into ductless and ducted types
c. functionally into mercrine, holocrine, and apocrine types
d. funtionally into secreting or nonsecreting types
c.functionally into mercrine, holocrine, and apocrine types
_____ are commonly found wedged between simple columnar epithelial cells
a. goblet cells
b. mast cells
c. macrophages
d. neutrophils
a.goblet cells
In a particular type of connective tissue, a large round cell with a peripheral nucleus (displaced to one side) describes a(n):
a. nerve cell
b. fibroblast
c. adipocyte
d. cuboidal cell
c.adipocyte
A good example of hormonal negative feedback mechanism is the control of blood sugar by insulin. As blood sugar ____, receptors in the body sense this change and the pancreas ___ the release of insulin to the blood.
a. increase/inhibits
b. drops/stimulates
c. drops/inhibits
d. increases/stimulates
d.increases/stimulates
Choose the anatomical topic and definition that is not correctly defined.
a. gross anatomy; study of structures visible to the eye
b. microscopic anatomy; study of structures too small to be seen by the naked eye
c. cytology; study of structures in a particular region
d. pathological anatomy; study of the structural changes caused by disease
c.cytology; study of structures in a particular region
_____ is present in all mucous membranes as the lamina propia.
a. reticular connective tissue
b. loose areolar connective tissue
c. dense regular connective tissue
c. dense irregular connective tissue
b.loose areolar connective tissue
Which statement best describes connective tissue?
a. usually contains a large amount of matrix
b. always arranges in a single layer of cells
c. primarily concerned with secretion
d. usually lines a body cavity
a.usually contains a large amount of matrix
Extracellular matrix is:
a. cells and fibers
b. fibers and ground substance
c. ground substance and cells
d. all of the above
b.fibers and ground substance
A feedback system consists of three basic components: a control center, receptor, and a(n):
a. effector
b. integrator
c. monitor
d. regulator
a.effector
FIber type that gives connective tissue high tensile strength is ____.
a. elastic fiber
b. collagen fiber
c. reticular fiber
d. muscle fiber
b.collagen fiber
Fibroblasts:
a. are immature cartilage cells that divide and secrete new matrix
b. are immature fiber-forming cells that divide and secrete new matrix
c. are immature bone cells that divide and secrete new matrix
d. all of the above
b.are immature fiber-forming cells that divide and secrete new matrix
Which of the following is true about the mode of secretion of exocrine glands?
a. merocrine glands are not altered by the secretory process
b. apocrine gland cells are destroyed, then replaced after secretion
c. holocrine gland cells are slightly damaged by the secretory process, but repair themselves
d. all of the above are true
a.merocrine glands are not altered by the secretory process
Multilayered epithelium with flat cells at its surface (=outermost layer) and cuboidal basal cells (=inner layers) would be classified as ____.
a. simple cuboidal
b. simple squamous
c. statified cuboidal
d. straified squamous
d.straified squamous
What are glycosaminoglycans?
a. proteins
b. polysacchrides
c. lipids
d. none of the above
b.polysacchrides
On the basis of their duct structures, multicellular exocrine glands are either simple or compound. Thus, a simple branched alveolar gland would have a:
a. branched duct and branched secretory unit
b. branched duct and unbranched secretory unit
c. unbranched duct and unbranched secretory unit
d. unbranched duct and branched secretory unit
c.unbranched duct and unbranched secretory unit
Blood is considered to be a type of connective tissue
T/F
T
Positive feedback mechanisms tend to increase the effect of the original stimulus
T/F
T
Principle of complementarity of structure and function means that what a structure can do depends on its specific form
T/F
T
Regardless of the Variable being regulated, all homeostatic control mechanisms have at least 5 components
T/F
F
As our body temp rises, a negative feedback mechanism would result in shivering of our muscles to regulate our body temp.
T/F
F
Endothelium covers and lines internal cavities such as the pleural and peritoneal cavities
T/F
F
Fred was wounded by damage to the tendon connecting his calf muscles to his heel. This and all tendons are composed of dense irregular connective tissue.
T/F
F
Serous membranes line body cavities that are open to the outside environment
T/F
F
Connective tissues that posses a large quantity of elastic fibers often provide the internal framework for organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes
T/F
T
Basic difference between dense irregular and dense regular connective tissues is in the amount of elastic fibers and adipose cells present
T/F
F
Most connective tissues have regenerative capacity, while most epithelial tissues do not
T/F
F
Macrophages are large, flat, spindle-shaped cells that secrete the molecules that become the connective tissue fibers and ground substance of the matrix
T/F
F
Most of the fat in the adult humans is brown fat
F
