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A&P 1 > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

cytology could be defined as a study of:

a. cells
b. tissues
c. organs
d. the gross structure of the body

A

a.cells

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2
Q

The purpose of negative feedback is:

a. to control the of body temperature only
b. to prevent sudden and severe changes within the body
c. to keep body posture normal
d. none of the above

A

b.to prevent sudden and severe changes within the body

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3
Q

a structure that is composed of two or more tissues would be:

a. complex tissue
b. an organ system
c. an organ
d. a complex cell

A

c.an organ

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4
Q

A good example of positive feedback mechanism would be:

a. a woman’s uterine contractions during labor leading to the delivery of her baby
b. blood clotting
c. all of the above
d. none of the above

A

c.all of the above

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5
Q

Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains:

a. lowest possible energy usage
b. relatively stable internal environment
c. static state with no deviation from preset points
d. dynamic state within an unlimited range

A

b.relatively stable internal environment

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6
Q

The human body is generally considered to have six levels of structural organization. Beginning with the simplest level as number one, what is the 5th level?

a. cellular
b. organismal
c. organ system level
d. tissue level

A

c.organ system level

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7
Q

Subdivisions of anatomy include:

a. gross, macroscopic, visual, and microscopic
b. gross, regional, dissection, and surface
c. regional, surface, visual, and microscopic
d. gross, regional, systemic, and surface

A

d.gross, regional, systemic, and surface

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8
Q

Epithelial tissue:

a. highly vascularized
b. has basement membrane
c. is usually acellular
d. contains high number of fat cells

A

b.has basement membrane

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9
Q

A serous membrane consists of ____ epithelium resting on thin layer of loose areolar tissue.

a. transitional
b. simple columnar
c. simple squamous
d. simple cuboidal

A

c.simple squamous

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10
Q

Cell types likely to be seen in the loose areolar connective tissue include all except:

a. chondrocytes
b. fibroblasts
c. macrophages
d. mast cells

A

a.chondrocytes

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11
Q

The homeostatic responses of the body are regulated by which two systems?

a. digestive/urinary
b. reproductive/endocrine
c. endocrine/nervous
d. cardiovascular/respiratory
e. skeletal muscular

A

c.endocrine/nervous

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12
Q

When is the urinary bladder is distended with urine, the epithelial cells in the uppermost layer are:

a. cuboidal
b. domelike
c. squamouslike
d. columnarlike

A

c.squamouslike

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13
Q

Multicellular exocrine glands can be classified:

a. structurally into alveolar and acinar types
b. structurally into ductless and ducted types
c. functionally into mercrine, holocrine, and apocrine types
d. funtionally into secreting or nonsecreting types

A

c.functionally into mercrine, holocrine, and apocrine types

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14
Q

_____ are commonly found wedged between simple columnar epithelial cells

a. goblet cells
b. mast cells
c. macrophages
d. neutrophils

A

a.goblet cells

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15
Q

In a particular type of connective tissue, a large round cell with a peripheral nucleus (displaced to one side) describes a(n):

a. nerve cell
b. fibroblast
c. adipocyte
d. cuboidal cell

A

c.adipocyte

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16
Q

A good example of hormonal negative feedback mechanism is the control of blood sugar by insulin. As blood sugar ____, receptors in the body sense this change and the pancreas ___ the release of insulin to the blood.

a. increase/inhibits
b. drops/stimulates
c. drops/inhibits
d. increases/stimulates

A

d.increases/stimulates

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17
Q

Choose the anatomical topic and definition that is not correctly defined.

a. gross anatomy; study of structures visible to the eye
b. microscopic anatomy; study of structures too small to be seen by the naked eye
c. cytology; study of structures in a particular region
d. pathological anatomy; study of the structural changes caused by disease

A

c.cytology; study of structures in a particular region

18
Q

_____ is present in all mucous membranes as the lamina propia.

a. reticular connective tissue
b. loose areolar connective tissue
c. dense regular connective tissue
c. dense irregular connective tissue

A

b.loose areolar connective tissue

19
Q

Which statement best describes connective tissue?

a. usually contains a large amount of matrix
b. always arranges in a single layer of cells
c. primarily concerned with secretion
d. usually lines a body cavity

A

a.usually contains a large amount of matrix

20
Q

Extracellular matrix is:

a. cells and fibers
b. fibers and ground substance
c. ground substance and cells
d. all of the above

A

b.fibers and ground substance

21
Q

A feedback system consists of three basic components: a control center, receptor, and a(n):

a. effector
b. integrator
c. monitor
d. regulator

A

a.effector

22
Q

FIber type that gives connective tissue high tensile strength is ____.

a. elastic fiber
b. collagen fiber
c. reticular fiber
d. muscle fiber

A

b.collagen fiber

23
Q

Fibroblasts:

a. are immature cartilage cells that divide and secrete new matrix
b. are immature fiber-forming cells that divide and secrete new matrix
c. are immature bone cells that divide and secrete new matrix
d. all of the above

A

b.are immature fiber-forming cells that divide and secrete new matrix

24
Q

Which of the following is true about the mode of secretion of exocrine glands?

a. merocrine glands are not altered by the secretory process
b. apocrine gland cells are destroyed, then replaced after secretion
c. holocrine gland cells are slightly damaged by the secretory process, but repair themselves
d. all of the above are true

A

a.merocrine glands are not altered by the secretory process

25
Q

Multilayered epithelium with flat cells at its surface (=outermost layer) and cuboidal basal cells (=inner layers) would be classified as ____.

a. simple cuboidal
b. simple squamous
c. statified cuboidal
d. straified squamous

A

d.straified squamous

26
Q

What are glycosaminoglycans?

a. proteins
b. polysacchrides
c. lipids
d. none of the above

A

b.polysacchrides

27
Q

On the basis of their duct structures, multicellular exocrine glands are either simple or compound. Thus, a simple branched alveolar gland would have a:

a. branched duct and branched secretory unit
b. branched duct and unbranched secretory unit
c. unbranched duct and unbranched secretory unit
d. unbranched duct and branched secretory unit

A

c.unbranched duct and unbranched secretory unit

28
Q

Blood is considered to be a type of connective tissue

T/F

A

T

29
Q

Positive feedback mechanisms tend to increase the effect of the original stimulus
T/F

A

T

30
Q

Principle of complementarity of structure and function means that what a structure can do depends on its specific form
T/F

A

T

31
Q

Regardless of the Variable being regulated, all homeostatic control mechanisms have at least 5 components
T/F

A

F

32
Q

As our body temp rises, a negative feedback mechanism would result in shivering of our muscles to regulate our body temp.
T/F

A

F

33
Q

Endothelium covers and lines internal cavities such as the pleural and peritoneal cavities
T/F

A

F

34
Q

Fred was wounded by damage to the tendon connecting his calf muscles to his heel. This and all tendons are composed of dense irregular connective tissue.
T/F

A

F

35
Q

Serous membranes line body cavities that are open to the outside environment
T/F

A

F

36
Q

Connective tissues that posses a large quantity of elastic fibers often provide the internal framework for organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes
T/F

A

T

37
Q

Basic difference between dense irregular and dense regular connective tissues is in the amount of elastic fibers and adipose cells present
T/F

A

F

38
Q

Most connective tissues have regenerative capacity, while most epithelial tissues do not
T/F

A

F

39
Q

Macrophages are large, flat, spindle-shaped cells that secrete the molecules that become the connective tissue fibers and ground substance of the matrix
T/F

A

F

40
Q

Most of the fat in the adult humans is brown fat

A

F

A&P 1 (2 decks)

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