Exam #1

Question 1

agonist

Answer 1

primary movers

Question 2

agonist (Marvel)

Answer 2

Avengers

Question 3

assisting movers

Answer 3

contribute less power than agonist, but still helping

Question 4

assisting movers (Marvel)

Answer 4

Black Panther, Spiderman

Question 5

antagonist

Answer 5

opposite side; responsible for opposite job of agonist; relax to allow movement of agonist

Question 6

antagonist (Marvel)

Answer 6

Thanos

Question 7

stabilizer

Answer 7

keeps home-base solid; anchor; holds it down for everyone

Question 8

stabilizer (Marvel)

Answer 8

Pepper Pots

Question 9

neutralizer

Answer 9

contracts to prevent unwanted/unnecessary motion

Question 10

neutralizer (Marvel)

Answer 10

Captain Marvel

Question 11

synergist

Answer 11

muscles that provide/guide a particular motion; keeps things moving properly

Question 12

synergist (Marvel)

Answer 12

Jarvis (navigator)

Question 13

types of contractile forces

Answer 13

passive and active insufficiency

Question 14

passive insufficiency

Answer 14

when agonist is prohibited while antagonist are fully lengthened; antagonists are lengthened to its LIMIT

too long

Question 15

active insuffiiciency

Answer 15

action is weakened; shortened as far as it can go actively

agonist too short

only affects muscles that cross 2+ joints

Question 16

tendon

Answer 16

connective tissue joining muscle to bone; capable of resisting high tension forces while transmitting forces from muscle to bone

Question 17

tendon sheaths

Answer 17

protects and supports tendons in high-tension areas

Question 18

concentric

Answer 18

muscle fibers shorten

Question 19

eccentric

Answer 19

muscle fibers lengthen

Question 20

irritability

Answer 20

muscle’s ability to respond to a nerve stimulus

Question 21

contractibility

Answer 21

muscle’s ability to shorten after adequate stimulation

Question 22

extensibility

Answer 22

muscle’s ability to stretch or lengthen when a force is applied

Question 23

elasticity

Answer 23

muscle’s ability to recoil/return to normal resting length

Question 24

excursion

Answer 24

distance between shortest and longest state

Question 25

(too much/little) excursion

Answer 25

too much length/too short - limits contractile force

Question 26

open-chain motion

Answer 26

distal attachment pulls toward stable proximal attachment

ex: lifting weights

Question 27

closed-chain motion

Answer 27

proximal attachment pulls toward stabilized distal attachment

ex: push-ups

Question 28

reversal of muscle action

Answer 28

occurs when distal segment is fixed and proximal attachment pulls toward distal attachment

occurs during closed chain motion