Exam #1 Flashcards
agonist
primary movers
agonist (Marvel)
Avengers
assisting movers
contribute less power than agonist, but still helping
assisting movers (Marvel)
Black Panther, Spiderman
antagonist
opposite side; responsible for opposite job of agonist; relax to allow movement of agonist
antagonist (Marvel)
Thanos
stabilizer
keeps home-base solid; anchor; holds it down for everyone
stabilizer (Marvel)
Pepper Pots
neutralizer
contracts to prevent unwanted/unnecessary motion
neutralizer (Marvel)
Captain Marvel
synergist
muscles that provide/guide a particular motion; keeps things moving properly
synergist (Marvel)
Jarvis (navigator)
types of contractile forces
passive and active insufficiency
passive insufficiency
when agonist is prohibited while antagonist are fully lengthened; antagonists are lengthened to its LIMIT
too long
active insuffiiciency
action is weakened; shortened as far as it can go actively
agonist too short
only affects muscles that cross 2+ joints
tendon
connective tissue joining muscle to bone; capable of resisting high tension forces while transmitting forces from muscle to bone
tendon sheaths
protects and supports tendons in high-tension areas
concentric
muscle fibers shorten
eccentric
muscle fibers lengthen
irritability
muscle’s ability to respond to a nerve stimulus
contractibility
muscle’s ability to shorten after adequate stimulation
extensibility
muscle’s ability to stretch or lengthen when a force is applied
elasticity
muscle’s ability to recoil/return to normal resting length
excursion
distance between shortest and longest state
(too much/little) excursion
too much length/too short - limits contractile force
open-chain motion
distal attachment pulls toward stable proximal attachment
ex: lifting weights
closed-chain motion
proximal attachment pulls toward stabilized distal attachment
ex: push-ups
reversal of muscle action
occurs when distal segment is fixed and proximal attachment pulls toward distal attachment
occurs during closed chain motion
