Exam 1 Flashcards
A written analysis that describes the people and situation of a community. It usually includes information about geography, demographics, history, and community problems and strengths.
Community description
A source of supply or support in the community.
Community resource
Those people or things that can be used to improve the quality of life in the community. Assets include a person who has experience with a problem, an organization or association of people, a physical structure or place, potentially everyone living in the community.
Community assets
Quantitative information helps address questions about which of the following?
How many people are affected by an issue
Which of these four are types of information often included in a community description
Geography
Demographics
History
Issues of concern
The gap between what a situation is and what it should be for people who share a common place, experience, or interest.
Community need
A small-group discussion guided by a trained leader that is used to learn more about opinions on a designated topic and to guide future action.
Focus group
An open dialogue (usually led by a skilled facilitator) where community members discuss important issues, identify community problems, and engage in group problem-solving. Ideas generated can provide a basis for subsequent planning.
Public form
A gathering of a group to share ideas and experiences about a particular topic or range of topics.
Listening session
Indicators that provide information on the level of a problem or goal attainment for those in the defined community. Studying community-level indicators helps you provide solid evidence of the effectiveness of your initiative at the level of the population (all those in the community).
Community-level indicator
(6) correct methods the group will use to listen to the community and gather information about the problem and its consequences.
Interview Survey Public forum Observation Focus group Listening session
The acronym SWOT stands for which of the following?
Strength-The positive force and attribute that exists within an organization
Weakness-A negative or less positive force or attribute that exists within an organization
Opportunities -A change or opening outside the organization that allows resources to be used or extended.
Threats-A negative or restraining force outside the organization that would make it more difficult for resources to be used or extended
Qualitative information helps address questions about which of the following?
What does it mean?
When deciding whether or not a group may want to address a problem or goal, which factors should be taken into account?
Importance
Feasibility
Potential fit
Unintended consequences
______community problems is a way of thinking carefully about a problem or issue before acting on a solution. It first involves looking for possible reasons behind a problem, and checking whether those reasons are true. Then (and only then) does it involve identifying possible solutions, and implementing the best ones.
Analyzing
Which of the below are environmental factors
Policies and broader systems
Consequences of efforts
Support and services
Access, barriers and opportunities
Which of the following are personal factors
Knowledge and skill
Experience and History
Biology/ genetics
The people whom the organization or initiative is trying to reach or benefit are called what?
Targets of change
Those who are in a position to bring about change; this likely may include the targets of change
(i.e., those who may be at particular risk for an issue; the prioritized group at which an effort is aimed).
Agents of change
Positive (protective) forces (e.g., peer support) that contribute to improved outcomes. Research suggests that the greater the number of assets, the more likely outcomes will be positive.
Assets
Aspects of the individual that affect behavior and outcomes. They include an individual’s knowledge and skill, experience and history, and biological or genetic makeup.
Personal factor
When should one analyze a problem or goal?
When you want to find causes of a problem
One method for analyzing “root” causes of a problem involves which of the following?
Stating the problem, asking “But, why?” and repeating the question “But why?” to each answer.
Aspect of a person’s genetics, experience, or environment that makes it less likely that they will experience a given problem or condition.
Protective factors
Which of these are aspects or attributes of behaviors or conditions in a community that make it a “community problem?”
Frequency and duration
Social importance and perception
Scope of range and severity
A framework is
A structure used to give shape to something
Shows a picture of potential ways to address a problem or goal as well as provides details for particular approaches and how interventions are related to each other in comprehensive initiatives.
Intervention mapping
The raw materials or resources used by the organization to conduct activities.
Inputs
Describes the common purpose; what the group is going to do and why (e.g., “Promoting health equality
through advocacy and community education”).
Mission
The direct results or products of activities of the group.
Outputs
is the representation of how things will work.
Model
A description of relationships between outcomes.
Logic
A picture of how the effort or initiative is supposed to work.
Logic model
A logic model can be used to
Plan an intervention
Implement an intervention
Evaluate and intervention
7 components of a logic model
Purpose or mission Context or conditions Inputs, resources Constraints or barriers Activities or interventions Outputs Effects
_____________ is the conditions under which the problem exists and that affect the intended outcomes (e.g., prior history of cooperation, poverty).
Context
More broadly measured outcomes or results from short-term to longer-term
Effects
A family of related models.
Nested models
A limitation of the logic model?
Creating an effective logic model can be time consuming and difficult.
Developing a logic model should be a/an _________________, meaning it evolves as things change.
Iterative process
A logic model is effective in
Provoking questions about what works and under what conditions
_____________logic and ____________ logic are two primary approaches that can be used when constructing a model.
Forward, reverse
A ______________ is when the entire group agrees on upon a certain decision or course of action.
Consensus
The situation or circumstances in which you are working.
Condition
Refer to the tier of society targeted by the initiative (e.g., individuals, families, organizations and sectors, whole communities, or the broader system).
Levels
Reference points by which progress can be measured.
Marker
______________ provide information about how much of what will be accomplished by when.
Objectives
Explain how the initiative will reach its objectives.
Strategies
A Vision statement communicates
What success looks like
A mission statement describes
What the group is going to do and why its going to do it
A strategy that focuses only on those who may be at greater risk for the problem is considered which of the following?
Targeted
A piece of a society (e.g., business, faith-based organizations, healthcare, schools, government, etc.) through which potential targets and agents of change can be reached.
Sector
A person or group with an interest in an issue or proposed action.
Stakeholder
Those who may be at particular risk for an issue and are the prioritized group at which an effort is aimed.
Targets
Six criteria for reviewing objectives?
Specific Measurable Achievable Relevant Timed Changing
An action plan describes
How strategies will be implemented
Behavioral strategies that can be included in an action plan?
Providing information and enhancing skills
Correct Modifying access, barriers, and opportunities
Correct Changing the consequences
Correct Enhancing services and support
Correct Modifying policies and broader systems that affect the issue
VMOSA
Vision Mission Objectives Strategies Action Plan
______________ of interventions are the distinct activities or steps taken to implement a component.
Elements
Those factors and circumstances that contribute to why an event occurs or a person behaves in a certain way.
Contexts
Providing information and Enhancing skills
Modifying access, barriers, and opportunities
Changing the consequences
Enhancing services and supports
Modifying policies and broader systems
Core Components of intervention
The opportunity of an informed individual to decide whether or not to participate.
Consent
Protection of privacy.
Confidentiality
Ability to do the job at hand.
Competence
Situations in which personal or organizational self-interest could influence (or have the
perception of influencing) judgments or actions taken.
Conflict of interest
Attempts to reduce the chances of an undesirable problem or condition.
Prevention
Aim to reduce or minimize the adverse effects of an already existing problem or condition.
Treatment programs
Addressing a problem or goal that has research information to suggest that it “works.”
Evidence-based practice
What is meant by the term ethics in a community context?
What is considered right and good for ourselves and others
how each component of the intervention will be delivered
Mode of delivery
Enabling people to increase control over their health and its determinants
Promotion
