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ABSC 310 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

A written analysis that describes the people and situation of a community. It usually includes information about geography, demographics, history, and community problems and strengths.

A

Community description

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2
Q

A source of supply or support in the community.

A

Community resource

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3
Q

Those people or things that can be used to improve the quality of life in the community. Assets include a person who has experience with a problem, an organization or association of people, a physical structure or place, potentially everyone living in the community.

A

Community assets

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4
Q

Quantitative information helps address questions about which of the following?

A

How many people are affected by an issue

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5
Q

Which of these four are types of information often included in a community description

A

Geography
Demographics
History
Issues of concern

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6
Q

The gap between what a situation is and what it should be for people who share a common place, experience, or interest.

A

Community need

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7
Q

A small-group discussion guided by a trained leader that is used to learn more about opinions on a designated topic and to guide future action.

A

Focus group

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8
Q

An open dialogue (usually led by a skilled facilitator) where community members discuss important issues, identify community problems, and engage in group problem-solving. Ideas generated can provide a basis for subsequent planning.

A

Public form

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9
Q

A gathering of a group to share ideas and experiences about a particular topic or range of topics.

A

Listening session

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10
Q

Indicators that provide information on the level of a problem or goal attainment for those in the defined community. Studying community-level indicators helps you provide solid evidence of the effectiveness of your initiative at the level of the population (all those in the community).

A

Community-level indicator

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11
Q

(6) correct methods the group will use to listen to the community and gather information about the problem and its consequences.

A 
Interview 
Survey
Public forum 
Observation 
Focus group 
Listening session
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12
Q

The acronym SWOT stands for which of the following?

A

Strength-The positive force and attribute that exists within an organization

Weakness-A negative or less positive force or attribute that exists within an organization

Opportunities -A change or opening outside the organization that allows resources to be used or extended.

Threats-A negative or restraining force outside the organization that would make it more difficult for resources to be used or extended

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13
Q

Qualitative information helps address questions about which of the following?

A

What does it mean?

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14
Q

When deciding whether or not a group may want to address a problem or goal, which factors should be taken into account?

A

Importance
Feasibility
Potential fit
Unintended consequences

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15
Q

______community problems is a way of thinking carefully about a problem or issue before acting on a solution. It first involves looking for possible reasons behind a problem, and checking whether those reasons are true. Then (and only then) does it involve identifying possible solutions, and implementing the best ones.

A

Analyzing

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16
Q

Which of the below are environmental factors

A

Policies and broader systems
Consequences of efforts
Support and services
Access, barriers and opportunities

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17
Q

Which of the following are personal factors

A

Knowledge and skill
Experience and History
Biology/ genetics

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18
Q

The people whom the organization or initiative is trying to reach or benefit are called what?

A

Targets of change

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19
Q

Those who are in a position to bring about change; this likely may include the targets of change
(i.e., those who may be at particular risk for an issue; the prioritized group at which an effort is aimed).

A

Agents of change

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20
Q

Positive (protective) forces (e.g., peer support) that contribute to improved outcomes. Research suggests that the greater the number of assets, the more likely outcomes will be positive.

A

Assets

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21
Q

Aspects of the individual that affect behavior and outcomes. They include an individual’s knowledge and skill, experience and history, and biological or genetic makeup.

A

Personal factor

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22
Q

When should one analyze a problem or goal?

A

When you want to find causes of a problem

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23
Q

One method for analyzing “root” causes of a problem involves which of the following?

A

Stating the problem, asking “But, why?” and repeating the question “But why?” to each answer.

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24
Q

Aspect of a person’s genetics, experience, or environment that makes it less likely that they will experience a given problem or condition.

A

Protective factors

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25
Q

Which of these are aspects or attributes of behaviors or conditions in a community that make it a “community problem?”

A

Frequency and duration
Social importance and perception
Scope of range and severity

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26
Q

A framework is

A

A structure used to give shape to something

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27
Q

Shows a picture of potential ways to address a problem or goal as well as provides details for particular approaches and how interventions are related to each other in comprehensive initiatives.

A

Intervention mapping

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28
Q

The raw materials or resources used by the organization to conduct activities.

A

Inputs

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29
Q

Describes the common purpose; what the group is going to do and why (e.g., “Promoting health equality
through advocacy and community education”).

A

Mission

30
Q

The direct results or products of activities of the group.

A

Outputs

31
Q

is the representation of how things will work.

A

Model

32
Q

A description of relationships between outcomes.

A

Logic

33
Q

A picture of how the effort or initiative is supposed to work.

A

Logic model

34
Q

A logic model can be used to

A

Plan an intervention
Implement an intervention
Evaluate and intervention

35
Q

7 components of a logic model

A 
Purpose or mission 
Context or  conditions 
Inputs, resources
Constraints or barriers 
Activities or interventions 
Outputs 
Effects
36
Q

_____________ is the conditions under which the problem exists and that affect the intended outcomes (e.g., prior history of cooperation, poverty).

A

Context

37
Q

More broadly measured outcomes or results from short-term to longer-term

A

Effects

38
Q

A family of related models.

A

Nested models

39
Q

A limitation of the logic model?

A

Creating an effective logic model can be time consuming and difficult.

40
Q

Developing a logic model should be a/an _________________, meaning it evolves as things change.

A

Iterative process

41
Q

A logic model is effective in

A

Provoking questions about what works and under what conditions

42
Q

_____________logic and ____________ logic are two primary approaches that can be used when constructing a model.

A

Forward, reverse

43
Q

­­­­­­­­­A ­______________ is when the entire group agrees on upon a certain decision or course of action.

A

Consensus

44
Q

The situation or circumstances in which you are working.

A

Condition

45
Q

Refer to the tier of society targeted by the initiative (e.g., individuals, families, organizations and sectors, whole communities, or the broader system).

A

Levels

46
Q

Reference points by which progress can be measured.

A

Marker

47
Q

______________ provide information about how much of what will be accomplished by when.

A

Objectives

48
Q

Explain how the initiative will reach its objectives.

A

Strategies

49
Q

A Vision statement communicates

A

What success looks like

50
Q

A mission statement describes

A

What the group is going to do and why its going to do it

51
Q

A strategy that focuses only on those who may be at greater risk for the problem is considered which of the following?

A

Targeted

52
Q

A piece of a society (e.g., business, faith-based organizations, healthcare, schools, government, etc.) through which potential targets and agents of change can be reached.

A

Sector

53
Q

A person or group with an interest in an issue or proposed action.

A

Stakeholder

54
Q

Those who may be at particular risk for an issue and are the prioritized group at which an effort is aimed.

A

Targets

55
Q

Six criteria for reviewing objectives?

A 
Specific 
Measurable 
Achievable 
Relevant 
Timed 
Changing
56
Q

An action plan describes

A

How strategies will be implemented

57
Q

Behavioral strategies that can be included in an action plan?

A

Providing information and enhancing skills

Correct Modifying access, barriers, and opportunities

Correct Changing the consequences

Correct Enhancing services and support

Correct Modifying policies and broader systems that affect the issue

58
Q

VMOSA

A 
Vision 
Mission
Objectives 
Strategies 
Action Plan
59
Q

______________ of interventions are the distinct activities or steps taken to implement a component.

A

Elements

60
Q

Those factors and circumstances that contribute to why an event occurs or a person behaves in a certain way.

A

Contexts

61
Q

Providing information and Enhancing skills

Modifying access, barriers, and opportunities

Changing the consequences

Enhancing services and supports

Modifying policies and broader systems

A

Core Components of intervention

62
Q

The opportunity of an informed individual to decide whether or not to participate.

A

Consent

63
Q

Protection of privacy.

A

Confidentiality

64
Q

Ability to do the job at hand.

A

Competence

65
Q

Situations in which personal or organizational self-interest could influence (or have the
perception of influencing) judgments or actions taken.

A

Conflict of interest

66
Q

Attempts to reduce the chances of an undesirable problem or condition.

A

Prevention

67
Q

Aim to reduce or minimize the adverse effects of an already existing problem or condition.

A

Treatment programs

68
Q

Addressing a problem or goal that has research information to suggest that it “works.”

A

Evidence-based practice

69
Q

What is meant by the term ethics in a community context?

A

What is considered right and good for ourselves and others

70
Q

how each component of the intervention will be delivered

A

Mode of delivery

71
Q

Enabling people to increase control over their health and its determinants

A

Promotion

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