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CSUS 320 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Frontier Economics Paradigm (FE) paradigm

[5 Paradigms of Environmental Planning and Management]

A
  • anthropogenic view that resources are limitless and progress is defined by economic growth
  • exploitation of finite resources
  • industrial agriculture, fossil fuel energy, unregulated waste disposal, high population growth
  • no awareness of reliance on ecological systems
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2
Q

Environmental Protection (EP) paradigm

[5 Paradigms of Environmental Planning and Management]

A
  • characteristic of US policy in the 1970s
  • recognizes environmental impacts and seeks to lessen then but, not without significant sacrifice in economic growth
  • uses command and control laws to control server environmental impacts
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3
Q

Resource Management (RM) paradigm

[5 Paradigms of Environmental Planning and Management]

A
  • characteristic of US policy in the 1980s
  • recognizes long term sustainability as a constraint to economic growth
  • sees linkages between population, poverty, and the environment
  • based on the concept that the polluted pays for damages
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4
Q

EcoDevelopement (ED) paradigm

[5 Paradigms of Environmental Planning and Management]

A
  • in process, we re evolving towards this
  • characterized by an ecocentric view of the world
  • considers ecological values in economic terms
  • pollution prevention pays (proactive)
  • integration of social, economic, and ecological criteria for technology
  • magnitude of change requires new consciousness
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5
Q

Deep Ecology (DE) paradigm

[5 Paradigms of Environmental Planning and Management]

A
  • biocentric view of the world
  • reserves all nature at the expense of economic growth
  • avoid costs by forgoing development
  • low technology and simple material needs
  • focuses on conservation and biological diversity
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6
Q

science consideration

[6 Interdisciplinary Considerations]

A
  • based on scientific and engineering principles
  • how designed systems and technology can lessen the adverse effects of negative interactions and/or enhance environmental quality
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7
Q

economics consideration

[6 Interdisciplinary Considerations]

A
  • economic cost/benefit analysis

- assessing the value of ecosystem services

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8
Q

evaluation consideration

[6 Interdisciplinary Considerations]

A
  • using objective assessment to assign value to options, compare tradeoffs, resolve conflicts, and make choices
  • complicated by need to combine and compare information that is subjective and/or incompatible
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9
Q

politics consideration

[6 Interdisciplinary Considerations]

A
  • values can be represented via the political process

- dependent on good information, a strong constituency, and a Local Champion

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10
Q

law consideration

[6 Interdisciplinary Considerations]

A

common law - nuisance and public trust doctrine
ex. air and water pollution , trespass, noise levels, etc.

property law - private property rights, eminent domain, police powers, and takings

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11
Q

What are the 2 schools of thought concerning property tension during the 1700s?

[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]

A
  1. that the value of land should be viewed in how it can benefit the individual
  2. that value of land should be viewed in how it respond to society’s needs; that is what we can do for the public good and the individual
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12
Q

Who were the 2 schools of thought concerning property tension during the 1700s inspired by.

[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]

A

philosophers of the time period

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13
Q

Philosophers ideals influenced property rights in differentiating the difference between a land owner’s ______ of _____ and _____ of _____.

[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]

A

bundle of r-ights and bundle of R-ights

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14
Q

bundle of r-ights (small r)

[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]

A

rights to air, surface, and subsurface (ownership can be separated)

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15
Q

bundle of R-ights (big R)

[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]

A

a “bundle” of entitlements defining and owners rights; privileges and limitations in the use and enjoyment of the property

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16
Q

Why are interdisciplinary considerations important?

A

There is a lot under the umbrella of environmental planning. It is important to recognize the skills that you need in order to do the job well.

17
Q

_____ _____ _____, were established based on the two schools of thought that the US has operated between.

[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]

A

Common law principles

18
Q

nuisance law (relates to individual)

[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]

A

Judicial authority over land use disputes between neighbors to prevent the harm one may cause to another by the use of land

19
Q

police powers (relates to public good)

[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]

A

The authority of the government to regulate human behavior by adopting regulations to protect public health, safety, and welfare.

20
Q

MP and zoning ordinances come from _____.

[property tension 1700s and role in US land laws]

A

common law principles that have worked their way into regulations.

21
Q

bundle of r-ights (small r)

[bundle of rights vs. bundle of Rights]

A

rights to air, surface, and subsurface (ownership can be separated)

surface - soil, timber, agriculture, water (riparian)

subsurface - groundwater, minerals, oil and gas deposits

22
Q

bundle of R-ights (big R)

[bundle of rights vs. bundle of Rights]

A

a “bundle” of entitlements defining and owners rights; privileges and limitations in the use and enjoyment of the property

23
Q

What is the connection of bundle of rights to environmental planning and management?

[bundle of rights vs. bundle of Rights]

A

Environmental planning and management can be seen through the establishment of MPs and zoning ordinances. MPs and zoning ordinances stem from common law principles.

Common law principles exemplify US property tension history and outlines how property rights should be handled.

Therefore, bundle of rights is connected to planning and management because, planners must be aware of what extent their bundle or rights goes. They must also know that they can never truly have all the rights to a piece. This is considered in shaping the vision for an area.

24
Q

Please describe both a Master Plan and Zoning regulations, and the relationship that exists between the two.

A

A Master Plan is a statement of policy, written and adopted by the planning commission (unless the legislative body has opted to require its approval of the plan). The Master Plan is a 20 year vision describing the desired physical development of the community. The plan is based on: the character of the community and the needs and desires of it residents.

Zoning regulations are the regulations of the uses of land according to the creation of zones and districts. They are concerned with the use of land, not land ownership.

Master Plan and Zoning regulations are related because, zoning must be based on the objectives outlined in there Master Plan.

25
Q

urban sprawl

A
  • leap frog development
  • commercial strips along roadsides
  • large expanses of low-density or single use development

that isolates living, working, and shopping places from each other.

26
Q

urban sprawl impacts

A
  • poor accessibility between residences and other destinations
  • lack of functional open spa
27
Q

past urban sprawl drivers

A
  • FHA, increased from 10 to 20-30 year mortgages, home ownership increased
  • GI bill, low interest mortgage for veterans
  • Interstate Highway 1956
28
Q

current urban sprawl drivers

A
  • MI legislation does not make land use planning required
  • push/pull factor
  • Land Division/Subdivision control Act; land use pattern dominated by 10 + acre parcels
29
Q

exempt division

A
  • Can be divided AGAIN in 10 years (subject to limitations in Number of Divisions)
  • Can be subdivided (platted) at any time (Subdivision)
  • Can be divided through any means not subject to the Land Division Act
30
Q

Advantages/Disadvantages: Developer

A
    • No review, just do it

2. + Low cost, no infrastructure required

31
Q

Advantages/Disadvantages: Municipality

A
    • Large parcels remain in tact

2. − Discourages development, Incentivizes large parcel

32
Q

Red Cedar River

A

a tributary of the Grand River in central Michigan in the United States. The river is approximately 51.1 miles long and drains a watershed

33
Q

local river and stream ordinance

A

Must maintain natural vegetative strip on each parcel orlot between OHWM and a line 50 feet (or>) horizontal from and perpendicular to the OHWM

34
Q

Crego Park

A

200-acre wooded park featuring river access for fishing, kayaking & canoeing plus linkage to trails

35
Q

Environmental Area Protection

A

Following Activities are Prohibited w/o a Permit:

  • Vegetation removal
  • Dredging, filling, or in any way altering the soil - Alteration of drainage
  • Timber harvest in a colonial bird nesting area
  • Placement of a permanent structure
36
Q

How to improve community infrastructure’s impact on the natural environment?

A
  • improve land use planning
  • support research and development
  • utilize new approaches, material, and tech
  • erging technologies and shifting social and economic trends

CSUS 320 (2 decks)

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