Exam 1 Flashcards
How many pathogens can infect humans?
1415.
Which is polycystic echinococcus?
E. Vogeli.
Which is unicystic echinococcus?
E. Oligarthrus.
Causative agent of human lung fluke disease?
Paragonimus westermanii.
Where in the world we find echinococcus oligarthus?
Argentina, Peru, East Africa, Central Asia, China, America.
Which one of these are fish- borne?
Diphyllobotrium latum, broad fish tapeworm, coracidium.
Which one of these mites cannot infect humans?
- Sarcoptes Scabies cannot live of a human host for more than 24hrs.
- They can cause an infestation but ø an infection.
% when something is hyperendemic?
With a prevalence of >10%.
Hypoedemic?
With a prevalence of <1%.
Mesoendemic?
With a prevalence of 1- 10%.
Pathogen that give bile duct cancer?
Clonorchis sinensis + Opisthorchis viverrini.
Chinese liver fluke pathogen?
Clonorchis sinensis, Opistorchis felineus, O. Viverini.
Arthropozoonosis:
Zoonosis where the main reservoir of infection is non- human vertebrate animals.
Zooanthroponoses:
Disease that mainly affects people, which may be transmitted to animals, which then act as temporary reservoirs of infection.
Vector:
An organism, often an invertebrate arthropod, that transmits a pathogen from reservoir to host.
Reservoirs:
A long term host of a pathogen.
Formite:
An inanimate object that can transmit an infectious agent.
Orthozoonosis:
May be perpetuated in nature by a single vertebrate sp.
Cyclozoonoses:
Requires more than 1 vertebrate sp but ø invertebrate host.
Metazoonoses:
Require both vertebrate + intervertebrates to complete transmission.
Saprozoonosis:
The infectious agents of which are either capable of replicating in inanimate sites or require an inanimate environment for the development of an infectious stage of their cycle.
What can you treat with Albendazol?
T saginata( beef tapeworm), Trichinella spiralis ( Pork worm), Trichuris trichiura ( Whipworm), Enterobius vermicualris ( Pinworm), Strongyloides stercoralis ( Threadworm), Ascaris lumbricoides ( roundworm), Ancylostoma duodenale ( hookworm) + Necator americanus ( hookworm).
How to diagnose Toxocara?
- Mild infections: Intermittant diarrhoea, changing appetite, pot- belly, anaemia, loss of weight, dull coat.
- Severe infection ( puppies, kittens): Coughing, changing appetite, dull coat, extended + sensitive belly ( pot- bely), diarrhoea, vomitus ( worms in it), nervous signs, epileptoid attacks; spontaneous discharge of worms in faeces.
- Also presence of brown eggs in faeces using flotations + small intestines are packed with worms.
Which gives enlargemnt + tenderness of liver?
Fasciola liver fluke.
Infective form of trichinella?
Direct life cycle, Infective stage is L1.
Which of the Trypanosoma is food- borne?
T. cruzi, Chagas’ disease.
Which of these Leishmania spp gives visceral + cutaneous lesions?
L. infantum + L. donovani.
Which of these Sarcocystis spp gives clinical signs in humans, but humans are ø fiinal host?
S. Nesbitti.
Which of these Babesia spp. is most common/ cause most disease in Europe?
B. Canis ( maybe).
Not a typical clinical sign of Trichinellosis in humans?
- Inapparent.
- Symptoms include catarrhal enteritis, diarrhoea, acute myositis, myalgia.
