Exam 1

Question 1

Early phagocytosis and killing of microbes=?

Answer 1

Neutrophils

Question 2

Efficient phagocytosis and killing of microbes, secretion of cytokines that stimulate inflammation=?

Answer 2

Macrophages

Question 3

Lysis of infected cells, activation of macrophages=?

Answer 3

NK cells

Question 4

Killing of microbes, opsonization of microbes, activation of leukocytes= what circulating effector proteins?

Answer 4

Complement

Question 5

Opsonization of microbes, activation of complement (lectin pathway), based on unique structure= what circulating effector proteins?

Answer 5

Mannose binding lectin

Question 6

Opsonization of microbes activation of complement= what circulating effector proteins?

Answer 6

C-reactive protein (pentraxin)

Question 7

Inflammation= what cytokine

Answer 7

TNF, IL-1, chemokines

Question 8

Resistance to viral infection= what cytokine

Answer 8

IFN- alpha and beta

Question 9

Macrophage activation= what cytokine

Answer 9

IFN-y

Question 10

IFN-y production by NK cells and T cells= what cytokine

Answer 10

IL-12

Question 11

Proliferation of NK cells = what cytokine

Answer 11

IL-15

Question 12

Control of inflammation= what cytokine

Answer 12

IL-10, TGF-B

Question 13

What happens to inflammation when chemokines are at their highest concentration?

Answer 13

Most inflammation

Question 14

What toll-like receptors (TLRs) are recognized on extracellular pathogens?

Answer 14

TLR-1, -2, -4, -5, -6

Question 15

What toll-like receptors (TLRs) are recognized on extracellular pathogens?

Answer 15

TLR-3, -7, -8, -9

Question 16

For the receptor TLR1 what is the:

1. Ligand:
2. Microorganisms recognized:
3. Cells carrying receptor:
4. Cellular location of receptor:

Answer 16

1. Lipopeptides
2. Bacteria
3. Monocytes, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells.
4. Plasma Membrane

Question 17

For the receptor TLR2 heterodimer what is the:

1. Ligand:
2. Microorganisms recognized:
3. Cells carrying receptor:
4. Cellular location of receptor:

Answer 17

1. GPI
2. Parasites, trypanosomes
3. Monocytes, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells.
4. Plasma Membrane

Question 18

For the receptor TLR2 what is the:

1. Ligand:
2. Microorganisms recognized:
3. Cells carrying receptor:
4. Cellular location of receptor:

Answer 18

1. Lipoteichoic acid
2. Gram positive bacteria
3. Monocytes, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells.
4. Plasma Membrane

Question 19

For the receptor TLR6 heterodimer what is the:

1. Ligand:
2. Microorganisms recognized:
3. Cells carrying receptor:
4. Cellular location of receptor:

Answer 19

1. Zymosan
2. Yeasts (fungi)
3. Monocytes, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells.
4. Plasma Membrane

Question 20

For the receptor TLR3 what is the:

1. Ligand:
2. Microorganisms recognized:
3. Cells carrying receptor:
4. Cellular location of receptor:

Answer 20

1. Double stranded viral RNA
2. Viruses, West nile virus
3. NK cells
4. Endosomes

Question 21

For the receptor TLR4: TLR4 homodimer what is the:

1. Ligand:
2. Microorganisms recognized:
3. Cells carrying receptor:
4. Cellular location of receptor:

Answer 21

1. Lipopolysaccharide
2. Gram Negative bacteria
3. Macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells, eosinophils
4. Plasma Membrane

Question 22

For the receptor TLR5 what is the:

1. Ligand:
2. Microorganisms recognized:
3. Cells carrying receptor:
4. Cellular location of receptor:

Answer 22

1. Flagellin
2. Motile bacteria having a flagellum
3. Intestinal epithelium
4. Plasma Membrane

Question 23

For the receptor TLR7 what is the:

1. Ligand:
2. Microorganisms recognized:
3. Cells carrying receptor:
4. Cellular location of receptor:

Answer 23

1. Single stranded viral RNAs
2. Viruses (HIV)
3. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells, NK cells, eosinophils, B cells
4. Endosomes

Question 24

For the receptor TLR8 what is the:

1. Ligand:
2. Microorganisms recognized:
3. Cells carrying receptor:
4. Cellular location of receptor:

Answer 24

1. Single stranded viral RNAs
2. Viruses influenza
3. NK cells
4. Endosomes

Question 25

For the receptor TLR9 what is the: 1. Ligand: 2. Microorganisms recognized: 3. Cells carrying receptor: 4. Cellular location of receptor:

Answer 25

1. Unmethylated CpG-rich DNA 2. Bacteria, viruses, herpes viruses 3. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells, B cells, eosinophils, basophils 4. Endosomes

Question 26

For the receptor TLR10 homodimer and heterodimers with TLR1 and 2 what is the: 1. Ligand: 2. Microorganisms recognized: 3. Cells carrying receptor: 4. Cellular location of receptor:

Answer 26

1 .Unknown 2. Unknown 3. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells, B cells, basophils, eosinophils 4. Unknown