Exam 1 Flashcards
__________: study of disease;
Includes c__________, s__________, i__________, d__________ & s__________
pathology;
conditions, sickness, illness, disorders, syndromes
__________: origin/cause of disease, “why”;
Includes g__________, e__________ e__________, & r__________ f__________
etiology;
genetics, environmental exposures, risk factors
__________: steps in development, “how” - mechanisms of disease; accompanied with b__________ changes &/or s__________ changes
pathogenesis (how etiologic factors produce cellular change)
biochemical, structural
What are the 4 main adaptations to cellular stress?
- hypertrophy
- hyperplasia
- atrophy
- metaplasia
Rhinophyma is a form of __________ which results in __________ gland h__________; it is i__________
rosacea, sebaceous, hypertrophy, idiopathic
Type of cellular adaptation resulting in the increase in size of individual cells
hypertrophy
Type of cellular adaptation resulting in the increase in number of cells
hyperplasia
Type of cellular adaptation resulting in the decrease in cell size
atrophy
Type of cellular adaptation resulting in the change of one cell type into another
metaplasia
Nuclear Changes of Necrosis:
__________: solid, shrunken mass
__________: fragmentation
__________: fading, dissolution
pyknosis,
karyorrhexis,
karyolysis
__________ necrosis: severe ischemia, death of solid organ tissue (infarction –> infarct)
coagulative
__________ necrosis: coagulative necrosis in an extremity (peripheral vascular disease, frost bite)
gangrenous
__________ necrosis: dead cells are completely digested (WBCs digest tissues)
liquefactive
__________ necrosis: yellow/white & friable –> TB (chronic __________); granuloma (walled-off collection of __________)
caseous, inflammation, macrophages
Fat (__________) necrosis: fat destruction, fat “saponification” - __________ lipases; acute pancreatitis (gallstones, alcoholism); trauma to __________ or __________
enzymatic, pancreas, breast
