Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Aircraft Systems AVP 221 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

Ch. 1-5

1
Q

The fulcrum is at one end of the lever and the weight or resistance to be overcome is at the other end, with effort applied at some point between.

A

Third-Class Levers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Meaning to occupy space

A

Volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the advantages of a wet sump system, compared to a dry sump?

A

A wet sump is attached to the bottom of the case, it is integral and complete, requiring no external parts and fittings to complicate installation and maintenance

No second (scavenge) pump is required

Chance of oil pump failure us reduced

This system can be operated in much colder ambient temperatures w/o concern that the oil congeal in the external lines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

quantity which is useful when describing matter, especially when in the liquid or gaseous state

A

Density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Newton 3rd law

A

for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

has neither a definite volume nor a definite shape.

A

gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the relationship between aviation grade number and SAE numbers for lubricating oil?

A

Society of Automotive engineers divides all oils into groups according to viscosity at either 130F or 210F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Whagt forces are used to feather a propeller?

A

Centrifugal force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Resistance to motion is greatly reduced if an object is mounted on wheels or rollers

A

Rolling Friction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Prevents the escape of gas past the piston during engine operation

A

Compression Ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Has a definite volume, but they take the shape of the containing vessel.

A

liquids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

measure of the inertia of a body, and therefore is a measure of the quantity of matter associated with the body

A

Mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Liquid cooled and air cooled with even number of cylinders. two in-line banks generally 30-60 degrees apart

A

V-type Engine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Work/Time

A

Power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What distinguishes a liquid from a gas?

A

Liquid has a definite volume, but they take the shape of the containing vessel. Gases not only take the shape of the containing vessel, but they expand and fill the vessel, no matter what it’s volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The useful output of all aircraft powerplants is the

A

Force thrust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A feathered propeller will have a blade angle of approximately how many degrees?

A

90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

four-stroke cycle is?

A

Intake, compression, power, exhaust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The indicated horspower minus the brake horsepower

A

Friction Horsepower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the function of an augmenter tube?

A

Provide additional cooling airflow, especially for low speed, high power conditions (Climb)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How does opening cowl flaps affect engine cooling? Cabin cooling?

A

Open cowl flaps increase cooling over the engine and through the oil cooler

Hot and cold airflow into the cabin is reduced in most single engine installations due to reduced aur pressure inside and in front of the cowling when the cowl flaps are open

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

a force that results from the characteristic of particles of matter that causes attraction or pull on other particles of matter

A

Gravitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Prevent leakage of gas pressure from the combustion chamber and reduce to a minimum the seepage of oil into the combustion chamber

A

Piston Ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is Force X Distance
Work
26
How are the cylinder walls lubricated in a typical opposed engine?
Oil sprayed from the crankshaft and crankpin bearings
27
How does the cowling contribute to the engine cowling?
Designed to force air over the cylinder cooling fins
28
The foundation of an engine.
Crankcase
29
The rate of doing work or the terms of work accomplished per unit of time
Power
30
Value of pressure of the standard day atmosphere at sea level
29.92 In of mercury 76 cm of mercury 14. 7 psi 1013. 25 mb 34 ft of water
31
Basic components of a aircraft propeller
Blade Tip. The maximum reach of the blade from the center of the propeller hub. Leading Edge. That part of the blade nearest the boat, which first cuts through the water. Trailing Edge. That part of the blade farthest from the boat Cup Blade Face Blade Back Blade Root Inner Hub
32
List three types of aircraft engine oils
Straight mineral oils-often used in reciprocating engines after overhaul Ashless dispersant oil-usually replaces mineral oil after the piston rings have seated, as evidenced by decreased oil consumption Synthetic oil
33
a substance which changes its shape easily and takes the shape of its container
Fluid
34
With a fixed RPM, does the propeller blade angle of attack increase or decrease as airspeed increases?
Decreases
35
What is the 'flash point' of a liquid?
Determined by laboratory tests that show the temperature at which a liquid will begin to give off ignitable vapors (flash) and the temperature at which there are sufficient vapors to support a flame
36
Used for timing of the valves. For a reciprocating to operate properly, each valve must open at the proper time, stay open for the required length of time, and close at the proper time
Valve-Operating Mechanism
37
Basic parts of a reciprocating engine
Crankshaft Cylinders Pistons Connecting Rods Valves Valve-operating mechanism Crankcase
38
List and describe 4 forces which act on an operating propeller.
Centrifugal: Outwards from the hub Torque Bending: Twist, opposite rotations Thrust Bending: Blades Bend Forward Aerodynamic Twisting: Rotational Force about the center of pressure that tends to lower the blade angle
39
Define 'propeller blade angle.'
The angle between the chordline of the blade and the plane of rotation
40
Portion of the engine in which the power is developed
Cylinder
41
Rotates at one-half the crankshaft speed
Camshaft
42
The amount of engine life obtained while maintaining the desired reliability
Durability
43
the power delivered to the propeller for useful work.
Brake Horsepower
44
power developed in the combustion chambers without reference to friction losses within the engine
Indicated Horsepower
45
List two types of engine lubrication (oil) pumps. WHich one is on all aircraft reciprocating engines?
Dry sump Wet sump-\> all aircraft reciprocating engines
46
When a resistance is overcome by a force acting though a measurable distance
Work
47
What component(s) in the governor oppose the force of the speeder spring?
Flightweight and the pilot valve
48
What is the 'cloud point' of a liquid?
Helps indicate suitability The temperature at which its wax content, normally help in solution, begins to solidify, and separate into tiny crystals causing oil to appear cloudy or hazy
49
Characteristic of matter that resists change in motion(velocity and direction)
Inertia
50
What are the four states of matter?
Solids, Liquids, Gases, and Plasma
51
provides a place for combustion of the fuel/air mixture and to give the cylinder more heat conductivity for adequate cooling
Cylinder heads
52
Has a definite volume and a definite shape
Solid
53
The distance the piston moves from one end of the cylinder to the other
Stroke
54
List all the useful functions of lubricating oil within the engine
Reduces friction Cushion between metal parts Absorbs heat from the parts Reciprocating engines are especially dependent on the oil for cooling Seal between the piston and the cylinder wall Reduces abrasive wear Cleansing the engine
55
The fulcrum at one end: the effort is applied at the other end
Second-Class Levers
56
The link which transmits forces between the piston and the crankshaft
Connecting rods
57
Consists of a row, or rows of cylinders arranged radially about a central crankshaft
Radially Engine
58
What are the differences between inertia and momentum?
Inertia: a property of matter by which it continues in its existing state or rest or uniform motion in a straight line unless that state is changed by an external force Momentum: the quatntity of motion of a moving body, measured as a product of it's mass and velocity
59
On a shot-field takeoff, what can the pilot do to reduce FHP and thus increase BHP and THP?
the break horse power at full throttle to over come any slight FHP
60
List five functions of aircraft engine oil
Absorbs heat Cools the engine Seals Reduce abrasive wear Cleanses the engine
61
A comparison of the weight of the substance to the weight of an equal volume of distilled water at a specified temperature
Specific Gravity
62
Define 'propeller angle of attack.'
The angle between a line drawn along the face of the propeller blade and a line scribed by the plane of rotation
63
Two banks of cylinder opposite each other with a crankshaft in the center. Low weight to horsepower ratio. Its comparative free from vibration
Opposed or O-type Engine
64
Acts as a moving wall within the combustion chamber
Piston
65
Genreal requirements for all engines
efficiency, economy, and reliability
66
Three kinds of friction are?
Static, Dynamic, and Rolling
67
Define effective and geometric pitch of a propeller.
Effective: the distance it actually advances Geometric: distance a propeller should advance in one revolution
68
Made up of very hot ionized gas
Plasma
69
The ability to do work
Energy
70
The resistance to motion offered by an object sliding over a surface
Dynamic(Sliding) Friction
71
Newtons 1st Law
Objects at rest will remain at rest
72
name commonly used for the gravitational force of attraction between the earth and a body(mass) near the earth
Weight
73
Joins the piston to the connecting rod
Piston Pin
74
What kind of lever is your forearm
3rd Class
75
What is the most effective propeller angle of attack for take off?
15%
76
What kind of lever is a hydraulic wobble pump handle?
3rd Class
77
List and define all types of propellers
Fixed-Pitch Propeller- The blade is generally not changed after the propeller is built Ground-Adjustable Propeller-The pitch or blade angle can be changed when the propeller is not turning Controllable-Pitch Propeller-permits a change of blade or angle while the proppeler is rotating Constant-Speed Propeller-designed to automatically change its blade pitch to allow it to maintain a constant RPM, irrespective of the amount of engine torque being produced or the airspeed or altitude at which the aircraft is flying. Reverse-Pitch Propeller-acontrollable propeller in which the blade angle can be changed to a negative value during operation Feathering Propeller-controllable propeller having a mechanism to change the pitch to an angle so that forward aircraft motion produces a minimum windmilling effect on a "power-off" propeller Tractor Propeller-mounted on the up-stream end of a drive shaft in front of the supporting structure Pusher Propellers-mounted on the downstream end of a drive shaft behind the supporting structure
78
Define 'propeller slip.'
The difference between geometric and effective pitch
79
Examples to know
80
The fulcrum is located between the effort and the resistance
First-Class Levers
81
Regulates thickness of the oil film on the cylinder wall
Oil Control rings
82
The result of the engine and the propeller working together
Thrust Horsepower
83
Briefly outline the difference in operation for a light single engine and multi-engine aircraft propeller system.
Single: constant speed, non-feathering Multi: constant speed, feathering
84
Newtons 2nd law
When forces act upon a body, the momentum of the body can be changed
85
The section to which the connecting rod is attached
Crankpin
86
Four type of reciprocating engines
In-line, Opposed, V-type, and Radial
87
What 3 energy forms does the recipricating engine utilize or convert?
Chemical Heat Mechanical
88
Why is viscosity important when selecting a lubricant?
Resistance of oil to flow
89
Generally has even # of cylinders, small frontal area and better adapted to streamlining
In-Line Engines
90
The ability to convert fuel into heat energy then into mechanical energy by the flow of some fluid mass through the engine
Heat Engine
91
The resistance of an oil to flow
Viscosity
92
Under what conditions would a dry sump system be advantageous, over a wet sump?
During radial engings because oil cannot be carried inside the engine itself During inverted flight
93
What is the difference between satic and dynamic balancing?
Static: a propeller suspended by a drawstring Dynamic: Electrical machine w/ vibration analysis of the aircraft
94
What kind of lever is the A/C control yoke withr espect to aileron movement
2nd Class
95
any device with which work may be accomplished. transforms energy
Machine
96
The backbone of the reciprocating engine. Tranforms the recipricating motion of the piston and connecting rod into rotary motion for the rotation of the propeller
Crankshaft
97
Define thermal shock.
Occurs when engine parts that are operating at high temperatures are quickly cooled
98
What are the differences between a two position and a ground adjustable propeller?
Ground Adjustable: operates as a fixed pitch propeller; can only be changed whent he propeller is not turning Two-position controllable propeller: Permits a change of blade pitch, or angle, while the propeller is rotating
99
The force necesary to start the body moving slowly
Static(Starting) Friction

Aircraft Systems AVP 221 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions