Exam 1

Question 1

emic perspective

Answer 1

insider

Question 2

etic perspective

Answer 2

outsider

Question 3

bracketing

Answer 3

suspending personal perspectives

Question 4

Eliade

Answer 4

perenialist; all religions share quality
humans are innately religious
without religion people would have existential problem of meaninglessness and disorientation

Question 5

sacred space

Answer 5

not profane space

Question 6

axis mundi

Answer 6

“center of the world” for religions

Question 7

cosmogony

Answer 7

shows us how to concentrate space

distinguish sacred and profane space

Question 8

rosemary ruether

Answer 8

dualism- you are body ad soul
souls are gendered
religion/creation stories create blueprints for society

Question 9

tanakh

Answer 9

3 parts of jewish scripture

      1. torah - "instruction"
      2. nevi'im - "the prophets"
      3. kethu'ium -"the writings"

Question 10

torah

Answer 10

instructions written by Moses

tells he story of God and his people

Question 11

midrash

Answer 11

commentary from rabbis in the margin of the torah

Question 12

abraham

Answer 12

father of nations

Question 13

Moses

Answer 13

delivery from slavery in Egypt

Question 14

hebrews

Answer 14

nomadic people who eventually got a kingdom in Israel

Question 15

diaspora

Answer 15

after the Jews got kicked out of Israel they all dispersed around the world

Question 16

orthodox

Answer 16

very traditional
services in Hebrew
won’t marry a Jew and non Jew

Question 17

conservative

Answer 17

tradition and change

Question 18

reform

Answer 18

began in US and more open to change and aligned with social justice movements

Question 19

reconstructionalist

Answer 19

as liberal as it gets

Question 20

shabbat

Answer 20

weekly tradition

sunset Friday to end of nightfall on saturday

Question 21

bris

Answer 21

circumcision happens 8 days after birth

Question 22

brit

Answer 22

happens first time the torah is read after the birth of the girl
its the naming ceremony

Question 23

Elaine Pagel

Answer 23

says texts that didn’t make it into canan bible show women leadership in early church
include understanding of God as feminine

Question 24

dyadic view

Answer 24

understanding god as both masculine and feminine

Question 25

bible

Answer 25

Old Testament = tanakh

Question 26

jesus

Answer 26

taught the word of god
born of a virgin
master of the torah at age 12

Question 27

original sin

Answer 27

garden of eden

humans naturally sinful

Question 28

baptism

Answer 28

purification

acceptation into christian church

Question 29

Qur’an

Answer 29

final word of god

Question 30

muhammad

Answer 30

prophet who got word of god from angel Gabriel

Question 31

hadith

Answer 31

record of the prophet’s sunna (life and practices)

Question 32

sharia

Answer 32

the right path

Question 33

mecca

Answer 33

where Muhammad led his followers

Question 34

5 pillars

Answer 34

1. shahadah- testifying to belief in god and his prophet
2. salah- daily prayers
3. savum- fasting during ramadan
4. zakah- give to the poor
5. hajj- pilgrimage

Question 35

kaaba

Answer 35

axis mundi for Islam

Question 36

iconoclasm

Answer 36

not having images or depictions of people for religious reasons

Question 37

3 types of ritual

Answer 37

1. calendar
2. special occasion
3. life cycle

Question 38

4 functions of a ritual

Answer 38

1. orientation to sacred space and time
2. connects to divine
3. connects to larger community
4. includes body as instrument for religion

Question 39

heresy

Answer 39

straying away from orthodoxy

in beginning everyone believed the same thing, and different groups branched off

Question 40

heterodoxy

Answer 40

in the beginning everyone believed different things and eventually all agreed to believe the same thing

Question 41

samsara

Answer 41

cycle of life, death, rebirth, reincarnation

Question 42

moksha

Answer 42

liberation from samsara

Question 43

atman

Answer 43

soul/self

Question 44

caste/varna

Answer 44

brahmin- priests
Kshatriyas- warriors and rulers
Vaisya- merchants and farmers
shudra- laborers
untouchables

Question 45

ashrama

Answer 45

stage in life

Question 46

dharma

Answer 46

duty

positive karma

Question 47

Arnold van gennep

Answer 47

stages of rights of passage

1. preliminary
2. liminaire
3. post-liminaire
   - separation
   - transition(liminality)
   - re aggregation

Question 48

victor turner

Answer 48

added communitas

Question 49

evangelical

Answer 49

resistant to cultural change

literal translation of bible

Question 50

2nd great awakening

Answer 50

during westward expansion

uneducated preachers In outdoor tents

Question 51

communitas

Answer 51

group in the same liminal state

generic bond