Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GIS > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

proper file management and project setup

A
  • Three folders on flash drive
  • Creating new geodatabase
  • Setting your work environment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Geographic information systems

A

special class of information systems that keep track of phenomena w/ at least one locational attribute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How to make and export map

A
  • Finding GIS layers on web
  • Using ArcMap tools in Data View
  • Add cartographic standards in Layout View
  • Export a pdf file
  • Submit combined pdf to Blackboard
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Simple spatial analysis

A
  • Following step by step instructions

- Then doing these skills from memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Purpose of Tahoe Lab

A

To introduce more tools and functions in ArcMap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tobler’s First Law of Geography

A

Everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Concept of representation

A

construction of digital model of some aspect of Earth’s surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Generalization

A

remove detail in order to reduce data volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Everything in a GIS is eventually reduced to

A

a series of 0s and 1s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Discrete objects

A
  • Polygons (buildings)
  • lines (roads)
  • points (bears)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Continuous fields

A

Changes in value across a surface where the world is the surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Two basic methods for representing geographic data in digital form:

A

Raster & Vector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Raster

A

space divided into array of rectangular (usually square) cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Vector

A

a series of points which may be connected to represent a line or polygon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Topology

A

set of rules that describe which define relationship between vectors (points, lines, and polygons)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

key to representing and understanding spatial variation

A

Proximity effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Spatial autocorrelation

A

The degree to which a set of features tend to be clustered together (positive spatial autocorrelation) or be evenly dispersed (negative spatial autocorrelation) over the earth’s surface

18
Q

How you survey a region or subsequently sample an area may be influenced by

A

geographic space

19
Q

Distance effects

A

As distance increases the relationship may be different and is dependent on the attribute of interest

20
Q

What should you do before to creating a map?

A

Make every attempt to understand the spatial relationships

21
Q

Cartography

A

concerned w/ art, science, and techniques of making maps or charts

22
Q

Drawbacks of cartography

A
  • Maps can be used to miscommunicate info either accidentally or on purpose
  • Maps are a single realization of a spatial process
  • Maps are often created using complex rules, symbology, and conventions and can be difficult to understand and interpret by the untrained viewer
23
Q

Seven controls on map design process:

A 
Seven controls on map design process:
• Purpose
• Reality
• Available data
• Map scale
• Audience
• Conditions of use
• Technical limits
24
Q

Purpose

A

determines what is mapped

25
Q

Reality

A

knowing phenomena being mapped provides constraints

26
Q

Key map elements:

A
  • Map body
  • Inset or overview map
  • Title
  • Legend
  • Scale
  • Direction indicator
  • Map metadata (source)
27
Q

essential to a GIS

A

Location

28
Q

Required to place different pieces of information together

A
  • Tie info together in space

- Used to measure distances and areas

29
Q

Primary requirements of georeference

A
  • It is unique
  • Its meaning be shared
  • Must be persistent through time
30
Q

Metric georeferences are essential to:

A

o Making of maps
o Display of mapped info
o Any kind of numerical analysis

31
Q

Cadaster

A

map of land ownership in an area

32
Q

Major axis perpendicular to Earth’s center of mass

A

equator

33
Q

Minor axis around which Earth rotates

A

Prime Meridian

34
Q

Longitude

A

measured in 180 degrees West or East of the prime meridian

35
Q

Latitude

A

measured in 90 degrees North or South of the equator

36
Q

The shape of the Earth is ___, the term ___ is also commonly used, but Earth shape is called ___

A

ellipsoid, spheroid, geoid

37
Q

Currently, most common ellipsoid used is

A

World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84)

38
Q

The North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83)

A

ellipsoid which is nearly identical to WGS84

39
Q

Why are projections and coordinates used to display the Earth as a flat object?

A

Many technologies working w/ geographic data are inherently flat (Paper, Rasters, Film)

40
Q

Projections

A

define how you place the Earth’s surface on a flat piece of paper

41
Q

GIS is powerful tool for

A

converting between projections and coordinate systems

42
Q

Ellipsoids/datums

A

are important in terms of how the Earth’s surface is represented

GIS (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions