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HS 01 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Health

A

state of complete physical, mental, and social well being. Being sound in body, mind, and spirit

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2
Q

Wellness

A

deliberate lifestyle characterized by personal responsibility and enhancement of physical, mental, and spiritual health

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3
Q

WHO

A

World health organization

“state of complete physical, mental, and social well being

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4
Q

Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion

A

“resource for everyday life…”

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5
Q

Godfrey Hochbaum

A

behavior scientist ‘I am who I am”

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6
Q

Six components of health

A

PEPPSI
Physical: one’s ability to take care of health problems
Environmental: state of environment in which people live, work, and play
Psychological: our feelings and thoughts
Spiritual: learn how to experience joy, love, peace, and fulfillment
Social: ability to interact efficiently with others, develop interpersonal relationships, and fulfill social roles
Intellectual: ability to think and learn from life experiences, question and evaluate information

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7
Q

Internal vs. External locus of control

A

Internal locus of control: person can influence events and outcomes
External locus of control: blaming outside forces

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8
Q

Life expectancy in the U.S in the 1900 and 2005

A

1900: Less than 50 years
2005: White - M 75, F 80
African American - M 69, F 77
Hispanic - M 76, F 83

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9
Q

What are The leading causes of death for the African Americans, Caucasians, Hispanics and Native Americans

A

Hispanic/Latino: heart disease, accidental injuries, cancer
African Americans: HIV/Aids, breast and cervical cancer, prostate cancer
Native Americans: alcohol related accidents, homicides, suicides
Asian Americans: cervical cancer, hepatitis, tuberculosis
Caucasian: Heart disease, cancer, accidental injury

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10
Q

The Stages of Change

A

Precontemplation: showing no interest in quitting healthy habit
Contemplation: consciousness raising, acknowledging unhealthy habit
Preparation: expressing desire to stop
Action: taking actions towards quitting unhealthy habit
Maintenance: develop practices to avoid relapsing

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11
Q

The of the 3rd major causes of deaths that accounts for ¾ of preventable deaths among Americans between the age of 15 -24 years old?

A

Accidental injuries

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12
Q

The different types of anxiety disorders

A

Phobias: Intense and Irrational fear of a situation or object
Panic Attacks: Episodes of sudden, inexplicable terror
Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Uncontrollable chronic worrying, anxiousness, and nervousness.
OCD: Persistent Disturbing thoughts and behaviors

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13
Q

the facts about ADHD

A

Definition: Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder approximately 7.4 to 16% of children by age 19
Causes: Genetic and biological factors including brain activity and neuro chemical function, prenatal use of alcohol, tobacco, and cocaine, postnatal problems of meningitis, encephalitis, chronic lead exposure or severe head trauma.
Genetic: If one family member is DX and ADHA then there is a 25 to 35% that at least one other family member will have it.
Symptoms in Adults: Hyperactivity, impulsivity and distractibility, ie tapping fingers, jiggle their feet.

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14
Q

Abraham Maslow

A

Hierarchy of Human Needs: Individuals behave in response to their values rather than unconscious drives.

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15
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

Framework of Personality: Repression, Projection, rationalization, denial, displacement, avoidance, regression

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16
Q

Erik Erikson

A

Psychological Theory of Development: Individuals progress through eight psychological stages during their lifetime.

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17
Q

Maslow Pyramid

A
  1. Self Actualization: Fulfilment of one’s potential.
  2. Self-Esteem: Respect for self and by others
  3. Love and Affection: Ability to give and receive affection
  4. Safety and Security: Ability to protect oneself from harm
  5. Physiological Needs: Food, Water, Shelter, Sleep, Sex
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18
Q

psychiatric treatments

A

Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Cognitive-behavioral, Interpersonal Therapy, Psychiatric Drug

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19
Q

different types of psychiatric meds and their treatments

A 
Anti Anxiety: Anxiety, OCD
Anti Depressants:  Depression, Eating Disorders, OCD
Mood Stabilizers: Depression, Bipolar
Antipsychotics: Schizophrenia
Non Amphetamine Stimulants: ADD
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20
Q

Major depression and symptoms

A

A persistent feeling of sadness and lack of interest in outside stimuli. Symptoms include lack of focus, Exhaustion and lethargy, irritability, restlessness, and weight issues

21
Q

Eustress and Distress

A

Eustress: positive stress
Distress: events negative to control with unwanted outcomes, negative stress

22
Q

Anorexia, Binge eating and Bulimia

A

Anorexia: severe psychological disturbance, refuses to eat despite being underweight
Binge eating: eating excess amounts of food in response to distress
Bulimia: craving for food that is difficult to satsify

23
Q

Hans Seyle

A

A researcher who developed the Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome, created the understanding that stress is a reaction to any demanding task

24
Q

Three stress hormones

A

Adrenaline, Cortisol, Norepinephrine

25
Q

GAS

A

GAS- General Adaptation Syndrome

26
Q

Three Stages of GAS

A

Alarm Stage- Your body changes as response to stress, Resistance Phase- the body makes an attempt to protect itself from stress, Exhaustion Stage- the body becomes weakened from prolonged exposure to stress

27
Q

psychoneuroimmunology

A

The study of the relationships among the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems

28
Q

antioxidants and phytochemical

A

Antioxidants: compounds that protect cells from free radical damage
Phytochemical: Non-nutrient substances produced by plants that may provide health benefits

29
Q

danger zone in storing foods

A

danger zone is between 40F and 140F

30
Q

monounsaturated fats

A

Olives, peanuts, and canola oil

31
Q

What is Metabolic syndrome?

A

A condition that increases the risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes
Signs: Excess abdominal fat, Slightly elevated fasting blood glucose levels, elevated blood lipid levels, and hypertension
Cause: Poor Dietary Habits.

32
Q

Diabetes mellitus

A

Definition: A group of chronic disease characterized by the inability of the body to metabolize carbohydrates properly.

33
Q

How much fiber is recommended daily ?

A

25g per day is recommended for a healthy digestive system

34
Q

What are soluble fibers?

A

Soluble fiber attracts water and turns to gel during digestion. This slows digestion. Soluble fiber is found in oat bran, barley, nuts, seeds,

35
Q

Muscle endurance and Muscle Strength

A

Muscle Endurance: A muscle’s ability to contract repeatedly without becoming fatigued
Muscle Strength:The ability to apply maximum force against an object that is resisting this force

36
Q

Isometric and Isotonic

A

Isometric: force on fixed object (door, planking)
Isotonic: applying force against moveable but constant source of resistance (barbell, push ups, weights)

37
Q

How to calculate a person’s BMI

A

BMI= Weight x 703/(height)sq

38
Q

the definition of flexibility, Static Stretching, Ballistic stretching

A

Flexibility: The ability to move a muscle to any position in its normal range of motion
Static Stretching: Slow and extended stretching (holding)
Ballistic Stretching: force it beyond its normal range of motion (jerking or bouncing)

39
Q

Tendons, ligaments, joints

A

Tendons: Tough bands of tissue that connect many skeletal muscles to bones
Ligaments: Tough bands of connective tissue that hold bones together at joints
Joints: The places where 2 or more bones come together

40
Q

functions of Skeletal muscles

A

providing shape, support, and movement for your body

41
Q

What are LDL, HDL and triglycerides and what are the recommended ranges for them?

A

LDL: “bad” cholesterol that carries cholesterol to the cells (↓100)
HDL: “good” cholesterol that carries cholesterol from the cells and to the liver for removal from the body (↑50)
Triglycerides: Often called “fat”, the most prevalent form of lipids in foods (↓200)

42
Q

DASH diet it is recommended for individuals with what type of condition?

A

(dietary approaches to stop hypertension) Mostly lots of whole grains, fruits, vegetables and low-fat dairy products; recommended to treat high blood pressure

43
Q

effects of smoking and heart diseases

A 
Cardiovascular disease
Cholesterol build up
Nicotine over stimulates the heart
Reduces oxygen supply to heart
Blood clotting
Damage to arteries
44
Q

The Path of the blood to and from the heart

A

right atrium receives oxygen poor blood, right ventricle pumps blood in need of oxygen to the lungs. Left atrium receives oxygenated blood from lung, left ventricle pumps oxygen rich blood to body systems

45
Q

Signs of stroke

A

Sudden numbness/weakness on face, arm or leg (usually on one side)
Sudden confusion and difficulty in speech and understanding
Sudden trouble seeing out of one or both eyes

46
Q

Heart Attack

A 
Pain in chest
Sweating
Lightheadedness 
Chest pain to shoulders, neck, jaw, arms
Heartburn symptoms with nausea and vomiting
47
Q

the differences between a Thrombus and an embolus

A

Thrombus: stationary blood clot
Embolus: floating blood clot

48
Q

the differences between Systolic and diastolic pressure

A

Systolic BP: heart pumping

Diastolic: heart relaxing

HS 01 (1 decks)

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