Exam 1 Flashcards
What does Titin connect the myosin filament to?
The z-disk
What is Titin connected to?
The z-disk and the I band
What type of stabilizer is Titin?
Longitudinal
What is a possible property of Titin?
Elastic ability
What is hyperplasia?
An increase in muscle fibers
What is hypertrophy?
An increase in myofibrils within a muscle fiber
What makes up the I-band?
Actin which is supported by nebulin and insertion to z-disks
What are the proteins that form intermediate filaments? What do these make up? Are these contractile?
desmin, vimentin and synemin
The Z-disk
No these are not contractile
What purpose do desmin, vimentin and synemin serve?
They attach the z-disk to the cytoskeleton and keep myofibrils “in register” within the muscle fiber.
Are the actin attachments staggered or straight on either side of the z-disk?
Yes
What is the order of the following from inside out: fasicle/muscle fiber/sarcomere/muscle/myofibril
sarcomere- myofibril- muscle fiber- fasicle(grouping of fibers)- muscle
How many nuclei per myofibril?
Many! They are multinucleated
Where are the nuclei located in muscle cells? What structure do they trend towards?
Dispersed along inner surface(periphery) of the plasmalemma. Trend towards motor end-plate region.
What organelle the endoplasmic reticulum associated with?
The nuclei
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
Transportation and modification of cellular proteins outside of the cell
What coordinates protein synthesis and is involved with the ER?
Ribosomes
Analogy) Protein synthesis: Amino Acids
Words: Letters
What do mitochondria create?
Adenosine Tri-Phosphate (ATP)
What substrates are associated with mitochondria?
Various enzymes, NADH, FADH2, Electron Transport Chain
What type of metabolism is the mitochondria associated with?
Aerobic
Where are mitochondria typically located?
Between myofibrils in Z-line region and in relation to nuclei and motor end-plate
The mitochondria form a network, what is this called?
Mitochondrial reticulum
The inner membrane of mitochondria are folded, forming ___.
Cristae
Between mitochondrial Cristae, there is a matrix which houses ___
Krebs cycle enzymes and mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)