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Psycholinguistics > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Rationalism

A

Nature

Innate properties of mind

mind imposes structure upon the world

primacy of thought

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2
Q

Empiricism

A

Nurture
born with knowing nothing

general accumulated knowledge by picking up pieces of sensory information

product of external sensations

exclusive source of knowledge is experience

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3
Q

Rationalists

A

Greeks Plato

Descartes, Spinoza

Fodor

Chomsky

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4
Q

Empiricists

A

Locke, Hume Berkeley

Behaviorists skinner Watson

Structuralists

Connectionists, associationists

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5
Q

Classical conditioning

A

Pavlov

reflex behavior

unconditioned stimulus unconditioned response conditioned stimulus conditioned response

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6
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Skinner

Voluntary behavior training

pigeons to guide bombs

associate stimulus with behavioral response reinforce behavior occurring in presence of stimulus

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7
Q

Skinner

A

1957

Verbal behavior-responses and reinforcement

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8
Q

Chomsky

A

Review of Skinners verbal behavior 1959

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9
Q

Tennenhaus 1988

A

Find the paper

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10
Q

Gardner’s Hexagon

A

A cognitive hexagon through use of dotted and sidelines to indicate relationship among consecutive disciplines

Linguistics neuroscience psychology artificial intelligence philosophy anthropology

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11
Q

Linguistic principles

A

Phonetics
phrenology
morphology
syntax

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12
Q

Lexical words

A

Word that constitutes the major part of the vocabulary

noun verb adjective adverb

open class

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13
Q

Free morphemes

A

Lexical words and function words

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14
Q

Function words

A

A word that has a grammatical function articles

conjunctions preposition auxiliary pronouns

close class

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15
Q

bound morphemes

A

Derivation on morphine and inflectional morphine

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16
Q

Derivational morpheme

A

A morphine added to a system from a new word.

It changes the syntactic category of a word.

It can be a prefix or suffix

17
Q

Inflectional morpheme

A

The grammatical morpheme that is a fixed to word according to rule

English has eight inflectional morphemes

possessive
plural third person singular progressive past is past participle superlative comparative

18
Q

Constituent structure

A

Categorize words into distinct parts of speech

Group words into structural constituents/hierarchal structure

19
Q

Phrase structure rules

A

Transformational rules

20
Q

Click studies

A

Experimentally test reality of phrase structure rules

21
Q

Derivational theory of complexity

A

Experimentally test reality of transformational rules

prove the cycle logical reality of structural constituents

22
Q

Stages of processing

A

Sensory input, sensory store (all info lost in 1 1/2 to 3 seconds), attention, working memory (maintained/rehearsed closed parentheses), encoding, long-term memory (some info lost overtime)

23
Q

Sensory memory

A

Modality specific: visual, auditory, smell, touch.

Represents information in literal, and analyzed form

Sperling: partial/full report procedure

24
Q

Working memory (STM)

A

Information currently being processed, size of storage severely limited (5-9 items), limitations on how much information can be retained

25
Q

Bradley hitched model

A

Model of working memory, phonological loop. Holds phonological representations for a brief period of time OR enables us to rehearse the materials prolonging stay in Phonological memory

26
Q

Explicit memory

A

Declarative memory, memory aware of, can talk about

27
Q

Implicit memory

A

Procedural memory, unconscious, unable to talk about it, yet it affects our behavior

28
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Motor

29
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

Somatosensory

30
Q

Temporel lobe

A

Auditory

31
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Visual

32
Q

Rolandic fissure

A

Central sulcus

33
Q

Sylvia’s fissure

A

Lateral sulcus

34
Q

Broca’s aphasia

A

Frontal lobe, near motor areas, expressive aphasia, a grammatical aphasia, nonfluent a seizure, production deficit.

Comprehension unimpaired

35
Q

Warnicke‘s aphasia

A

Temporel lobe, near auditory areas, receptive aphasia, fluent aphasia, comprehension deficit.

Semantic impairment

36
Q

Gershwin‘s model

A

Warnicke‘s area: language comprehension
Brokas area: articulation (assisting in grammatical organization)

Arciate fasciculus: fiber pathway connecting B & W (parental lobe) – disruption repetition deficit

37
Q

Single system ( rulmelhart et al)

A

Single system Theory claims that grammar rules in the lexicon are both sub served by a single associative memory.

Psycholinguistics (1 decks)

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