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media history and culture > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

media definition

A

means of communication

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2
Q

culture definition

A

values, beliefs, and practices that require context

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3
Q

what kind of relationship does media and culture have

A

interdependent

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4
Q

history definition

A

narrative that organizes and makes sense of the past

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5
Q

historiography

A

practice of writing history

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6
Q

past definition

A

things that occurred previously

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7
Q

presentism

A

history is written and judged from the prospective of when it was created

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8
Q

what is presentism also known as

A

Historians fallacy

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9
Q

revolution defintion

A

sudden change in the norm

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10
Q

who created the stages of media history

A

Lippman

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11
Q

4 stages of media history

A

authoritarian
partisan
commercial
organized intelligence

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12
Q

authoritarian stage

A

censored

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13
Q

partisan stage

A

political parties

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14
Q

commercial stage

A

sensationalistic

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15
Q

organized intelligence stage

A

future development

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16
Q

Elizabeth Eisenstein

A

printing press caused social change; modern world

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17
Q

ideology definition

A

create a way of interpreting world and our place in it

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18
Q

“The medium is the message”

A

Marshall McLuhan

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19
Q

determinist definition

A

technology is bound to happen and change

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20
Q

social constructionist definition

A

technology impacted by surroundings

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21
Q

utopian defnition

A

like technology

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22
Q

luddite definition

A

against technology

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23
Q

what did Plato worry about

A

writing might lead to loss of memory

Phaedrus

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24
Q

writing shift

A

picture to phonetic

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25
Q

3 written language types

A

logographic (emoji)
syllabic
alphabetic

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26
Q

what was the Roman Codez

A

roman scrolls

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27
Q

what were books considered in the dark ages

A

sacred

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28
Q

why did monasteries create books

A

acts of reverence

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29
Q

reverence definition

A

deep respect for something

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30
Q

what was scriptoria

A

monks copy

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31
Q

printing 200-1040

A

ceramic in China

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32
Q

printing 1200s

A

paper in Europe

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33
Q

printing 1400-1500

A

woodcuts

Gutenberg metal

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34
Q

printing 1517

A

Martin Luther

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35
Q

Johanna Gutenberg

A

created metal moveable printing

Europe

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36
Q

Printing revolution

A

paper replaces animal

woodcuts

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37
Q

Francis Bacon

A

printing, gunpowder and compass have changed humans

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38
Q

John Walter II

A

Editor of the Times in London

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39
Q

what did John Walter II invent

A

steam press

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40
Q

David Sarnoff

A

NBC radio

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41
Q

What did Tim Berners Lee invent

A

internet

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42
Q

what was the impact of printing

A

standardization
created celebs
efficient

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43
Q

how many killed in Protestant Reformation

A

20-30 million

30% of Germany

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44
Q

effect of printing on science

A

maps

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45
Q

effective of printing on reformation

A

aided Luthers opinion

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46
Q

where did censorship come from

A

comes from Roman office of Censor

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47
Q

sedition definition

A

against government

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48
Q

John Locke

A

government serves people

life liberty and happiness

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49
Q

what did Francois Voltaire write

A

author of Candide

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50
Q

trial of John Peter Zenger

A

accused of seditious libel

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51
Q

seditious libel definition

A

causing people to rebel

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52
Q

David Hume

A

wanted freedom of press

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53
Q

Edmund Burke parliament consists of..

A

nobility
clergy
middle class
press

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54
Q

what was press considered by Edmund Burke

A

fourth estate; most important

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55
Q

what did Thomas Jefferson want

A

free press

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56
Q

Thomas Paine

A

author

campaign for freedom

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57
Q

who was the first country to abolish censorship

A

Sweden

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58
Q

what was the Alien and Sedition Act

A

prohibited malicious writing

59
Q

what was the punishment for the Alien and Sedition Act

A

fine

2 years in prison

60
Q

effect of the Alien and Sedition Act

A

hard for immigrants to become citizens and vote

61
Q

partisan press federalist newspaper

A

Gazette of the US

62
Q

partisan press democratic republican newspaper

A

national gazette

63
Q

Alexis de Tocqueville

A

democracy in america

64
Q

John Walter II

A

father made london times

65
Q

Benjamin Day newspaper

A

New York Sun

66
Q

new york sun

A

controversial

moon hoax

67
Q

James Gordon Bennett newspaper

A

new york herald

68
Q

new york herald

A

robberies, rapes, murders

sports

69
Q

Horance Greely newspaper

A

new york tribune

70
Q

Henry Raymond newspaper

A

new york times

71
Q

new york tribune

A

aided lincolns campaign

72
Q

new york times

A

most popular

neutral

73
Q

joseph m levy newspaper

A

london daily telegraph

74
Q

london daily telegraph

A

modeled after new york herald

75
Q

african american press examples

A

freedoms journal
the rights of all
north star

76
Q

freedoms journal

A

first owned and operated black newspaper

77
Q

who founded freedoms journal

A

peter williams

78
Q

the rights of all

A

replaces freedoms journal

79
Q

who published north star

A

frederick douglas

80
Q

present african american press

A

chicago defender

81
Q

american farmer and american turf register

A

early sports journalism

82
Q

1883 sports journalism

A

first sports in new york world

83
Q

1895 sports journalism

A

new york journal

84
Q

Joseph Pulitzer 2 papers

A

St Louis Dispatch

New York World

85
Q

Joseph Pulitzer

progressive era

A

against racism
yellow journalism
Roosevelt lawsuit

86
Q

William Randolph Hearst

progressive era

A

fake news
yellow journalism
Citizen Kane
promoted Spanish American War

87
Q

Nellie Bly

progressive era

A

around the world and undercover in asylum

88
Q

what was the newsies strike

A

against pulitzer and heart

better pay

89
Q

EW Scripps

A

united press wire service

more science

90
Q

alfred harmsworth

A

daily mail

clickbait

91
Q

Ida B Wells

A

Muckraker
anti lynching
social rights

92
Q

Samuel Hopkins Adams

A

Muckraker
exposed drugs and false advertising
FDA

93
Q

Lincoln Steffens

A

Muckraker trio

corruption of government in McClures

94
Q

Cecil Chesterton

A

Muckraker
exposed stock fraud
Marconi scandal

95
Q

Ida Tarbell

A

Muckraker trio
McClures
standard oils corruption

96
Q

David G Phillips

A

Muckraker
treason of senate
exposed bribery in government

97
Q

Upton Sinclair

A

Muckraker

the Jungle

98
Q

the jungle

A

meat packing industry

99
Q

ray standard baker

A

Muckraker
Woodrow Wilson
following the color line

100
Q

following the color line

A

racial issues

101
Q

WWI and press

A

censorship

102
Q

Bolo Pasha Affair

A

Germans buy French newspapers using US money

103
Q

When was the russian revolution

104
Q

propaganda revolution

A

information designed to promote a part of view

105
Q

Mahatma Gandhi

A

campaign Indias freedom

influenced civil rights movement

106
Q

Ernie Pyle

A

scripps howard newspaper

focused on ordinary soliders

107
Q

marguerite higgins wrote…

A

liberation of dachow

108
Q

marguerite higgins

A

lifted ban on women reporters in korean war

109
Q

black press double v

A

victory over racism abroad and at home

110
Q

hutchins commission

A

5 points we should demand from the press

111
Q

heed their rising voices

A

talks about racial violence

112
Q

vietnam war coverage type

A

tv coverage

113
Q

literary journalism

A

facts and narratives

114
Q

Rachel Carson

A

warned of pesticide use on ecosystem

115
Q

media convergence definition

A

new media combining with old media

116
Q

symbolic definition

A

no relationship to object it describes

117
Q

iconic definition

A

resembles thing it describes

118
Q

indexical definition

A

shows evidence

119
Q

who took the first photo

A

Joseph Niece

120
Q

what was the first photo called

A

heliograph

121
Q

Louis Dagurre

A

dagurreotype photography

didnt patent

122
Q

Roger Fenton

A

photographed crimean war

123
Q

Mathew Brady

A

first famous US photographer
civil war
abraham lincoln

124
Q

who took the original oscar wilde photo

A

Napoleon Sarony

125
Q

“Brownie”

A

vertical integration

126
Q

vertical integration

A

whole process used by a single company

127
Q

Jacob Riis

A

how the other half lives

flash photography

128
Q

Lewis Hine

A

social reform

child labor laws

129
Q

Walker Evans

A

farm services agency

130
Q

who wrote let us now praise famous men

A

walker evans

131
Q

Dorothea Lange

A

farm services agency

relief for the starving

132
Q

gordon parks

A

farm services agency

racial justice

133
Q

ansel adams

A

farm services agency

conservation of nature

134
Q

kodak bankruptcy

A

camera to phone

135
Q

crusading journalism definition

A

campaigns for political, social, or religious change

136
Q

civil rights definition

A

right to political and social freedom and equality

137
Q

muckraker definition

A

expose corruption and scandals in politics

138
Q

common penny press publication

139
Q

how did printing impact the reformation

A

challenged catholic church

140
Q

william randolph hearst newspaper

A

new york journal

141
Q

associated press

A

aggregates news

monopoly

142
Q

Will Irwin

A

blamed AP for downfall of press

143
Q

Henry Luce

A

Time publisher

Hutchins commission

media history and culture (1 decks)

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