Exam 1 Flashcards
Exam 1 on Monday at 8am in Boyne
How to use incentive spirometer Auscultation Know about beta blockers *** Inotropic (squeeze/contractility) *** Chronotropic (timing) Frank Starling law Preload Afterload Dr Henkin's Blood Power Points EKG concepts (not strips) Lab stuff like fremitis, heart sounds, auscultation, etc. Dr. Henkin's modules will all be testable (10+ ?s)
ON MATERIAL UP TO Feb 8th. Does not include material from Tues Feb 13th
Go through Integrated Lab handouts and make sure you have everything from the labs we did on anything Cardio or respiratory related.
Atelectasis = Consolidation = Infiltrates = Lingual crackles = LLL = Aspirated = Egophony = Whispered Pectoriloguy = Bronchophony = Crackles / Rales = Wheezes / Rhonchi = Stridor = Adventitous =
True or False: If you auscultate and pt says “99” … for a healthy lung you will hear in your stethoscope a clear “99”
T or F: Consolidated lung tissue transmits higher frequency sounds more clearly
If pt says “E” you should hear what if lung is healthy and normal
Fremitus is what =
When doing fremitus, will left side of body with heart heart be slightly damped? And what if it is significantly damped?
Which side of lungs would more commonly experience aspiration and why?
ok
Atelectasis = collapsed lung
Consolidation = fluid consolidating in lung
Infiltrates = liquid gathering in lung
Lingual crackles = Lingula of lung is part right by heart in LLL
LLL = Left Lower Lobe
Aspirated = food, saliva, etc. is breathed into airways (wrong tube)
Egophony = increased resonance, or pulmonary consolidation
Whispered Pectoriloguy = During auscultation, this is an increased audible hearing of a whispered sound (not normal). Means consolidation of lungs is transmitting higher frequency sounds clearer.
Bronchophony = Normal is unintelligble words. Abnormal is clear words (because lung is filled with fluid)
Crackles / Rales = unnormal popping sound when auscultating (discontinuous sounds)
Wheezes / Rhonchi = wheezes are high pitched, Rhonchi are low pitched continuous sounds
Stridor = People can hear loud/harsh sound of pt breathing without stethescope
Adventitous = Abnormal breath sounds
FALSE: Normal lungs that are healthy, you’ll hear it muffled.
TRUE
“E” should be a muffled E. If it becomes an “A” it is abnormal (egophony)
Fremitus = Using hands to feel vibrations of lungs (balanced on each side) if you don’t have a stethoscope available.
Yes, and a lot of damped means extra fluid build up in lungs.
RIGHT side, the main bronchus is more vertical, wider and shorter then left side.
1) T or F: If you use a BP cuff that is too large, you’ll get a BP reading too high
2) The optimal way to measure pulmonary function is through _______
3) One PFT (pulmonary functional test) is the syllables test. Explain it, and what is norm value
4) Incentive Spirometer measures:
1) FALSE: A large cuff gives you an inaccurate LOW BP reading.
2) Spirometry
3) pt will hold a sound as long as they can. 15+ seconds is good. Less than that suggests weak lungs.
4) Vital capacity
4 phases of a cough
MOST important step of those 4
1) Inhale
2) hold
3) Pressure/tense up
4) Exhale - cough out
1st step is most important
1) Should you take BP over a PICC line, Dialysis line, blood clot area
2) If a woman had a mastectomy, what would you do (in relation to taking blood pressure)
3) T or F: BP is normally higher in 1st trimester of pregnancy, and lower in 3rd
4) With taking BP by doppler ultrasound, do you get both Systolic and Diastolic BP reading?
1) NO
2) Avoid side they got a mastectomy
3) FALSE, it is lower in 1st, higher in 3rd
4) NO, just systolic
S1 heart sound is when:
S2 heart sound is when:
S3 heart sound is when:
S4 heart sound is when:
S3 heart sound sounds like:
S4 heart sound sounds like:
CHF sound is:
S1: AV valves close
S2: Semilunar valves close
S3: Early diastole (CHF)
S4: Late diastole
S3: ken-tuck-ky
S4: Ten-nes-see
S3
With an incentive spirometer - do you blow into it, or inhale?
With spirometry, do you inhale or exhale?
You INHALE. You try to keep the moving ball in an optimum level and bring nozel up while inhaling.
Exhale
Explain difference between:
Inotropic
Chronotrophic
Dromotrophic
Inotrophic: Affects the force of cardiac contraction
Chronotrophic: Affects the heart rate
Dromotrophic: Affects conduction velocity through the conducting tissues of the heart
What is the Frank Starling Law:
That the stroke volume (SV) of the heart increases in response to an increase in the volume of blood filling the heart (EDV)
