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MGMT 310 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Why do we study organizational behavior?

A

it can be improved by management

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2
Q

What is task performance behavior?

A

formally required by organization; it is in the job description

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3
Q

What is citizenship behavior?

A

not in job description; goes above and beyond job responsibilities; ex: helping coworkers when you finish your normal tasks

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4
Q

What is a difference between interpersonal and organizational citizenship behavior?

A

Interpersona targets coworkers; organizational targets the organization

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5
Q

What is helping?

A

maintain the status quo

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6
Q

What is voice?

A

changing the status quo

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7
Q

Which one is important in predicting performance evaluation? (voice or helping)

A

they are both equally important

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8
Q

Does task performance behavior guarantee high performance evaluation?

A

no because performance evaluation is determined by multiple factors

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9
Q

What is personality?

A

individual traits that are stable and endures over time; thoughts and emotions

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10
Q

What percentage of job performance can be explained by intelligence? What is intelligence?

A

30%; problem solving abilities

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11
Q

What percentage of job performance can be explained by personality?

A

20%

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12
Q

Why is understanding personality important?

A

certain personality traits work better with certain jobs; personality has more practical implications than intelligence

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13
Q

What is extraversion?

A

you want to get some levels of social attention

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14
Q

What is openness to experience?

A

can come up with innovative ideas because of openness

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15
Q

Among the Big Five, which one is most predictive of performance evaluation?

A

conscientiousness

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16
Q

Among the Big Five, which one is most predictive of positive affect (i.e., happiness)?

A

extraversion

17
Q

Which one is under the control of an individual? Personality, intelligence, or behavior?

A

behavior

18
Q

What is attribution?

A

searching for reasons why employees behave; assigning causes

19
Q

What is a difference between internal and external attribution?

A

Internal: places blame on person
External: places blame on surroundings/environment

20
Q

What determines attribution?

A

distinctiveness, consensus, consistency

21
Q

What is distinctiveness in the attribution theory?

A

behavior is peculiar; only complains about grilling burgers

22
Q

What does high distinctiveness imply according to the attribution theory?

A

external factors cause behavior

23
Q

What attribution can we make when all distinctiveness, consensus, and consistency are high?

A

external attribution

24
Q

What is fundamental attribution error?

A

people tend to make internal attributions

25
Q

What is self-serving bias?

A

failures are external and successes are internal

26
Q

When do people tend to attribute the failure of others to external causes, overcoming the tendency of making an internal attribution?

A

when they care about or love the person

27
Q

What is the key elements of motivation?

A
  1. direction
  2. intensity
  3. persistence
28
Q

How does a manager know which needs will be most motivating to employees?

A

lower needs should be met first

29
Q

What is self-determination theory?

A

the theory of motivation because people want control; autonomy is key; can generate own source of autonomy by finding meaning

30
Q

What is instrumentality?

A

link between performance and rewards

31
Q

What is expectancy?

A

link between behavior and performance

32
Q

What happens if one of the key elements of expectancy theory is equal to zero?

A

motivation = 0

33
Q

What happens if one of the key elements of expectancy theory is equal to zero?

A

motivation = 0

34
Q

What is equity theory?

A

when you think your ratio is good enough compared to others, then you’re motivated

35
Q

Who is going to be the referent for comparison in equity theory?

A

someone hired at the same time for the same position; they have similar input levels

36
Q

Who tries to balance the ratio when inequality is observed?

A
  • usually the person who has the unfavorable ratio, they’ll try to increase the outputs or decrease the inputs
  • sometimes the person with favorable ratio, they’ll decrease the outputs or increase the inputs
37
Q

Among the three types of justice, including distributive, procedural, and interactional justice, which one is most predictive of employee motivation in a field setting?

A

procedural because it is hard to make people believe there are high levels of distributive justice

38
Q

What is task significance?

A

the extent to which you believe you are making an impact on society

MGMT 310 (1 decks)

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