Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is remote sensing?

A

=> Obtain information
=> About Earth’s resources
=> From a distance
=> Using electromagnetic energy

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2
Q

When was the first aerial image taken?

A

1858, Boston (using a balloon)

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3
Q

Launch of Landsat 1?

A

July 23, 1972

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4
Q

Describe Earth’s landscape.

A

=> Geographically variable

=> Time dynamic

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5
Q

What is em energy?

A

Energy that moves with the constant velocity of light in a harmonic wave pattern

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6
Q

Describe electromagnetic spectrum.

A

=> No sharp divisions

=> Classification of em energy according to wavelength (based on what they can do for us)

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7
Q

List colors (wavelengths) of electromagnetic spectrum.

A

ROY.G.BIV (Longer Shorter)

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8
Q

Additive colors?

A

Blue, Green, Red

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9
Q

Subtractive colors?

A

Yellow, Magenta, Cyan

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10
Q

What dyes are present to see black? Wavelengths?

A

Dyes: Y, M, C
Wavelengths: None

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11
Q

What is frequency, wavelength, amplitude?

A
Frequency = Speed
Wavelength = Used to describe energy
Amplitude = Height
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12
Q

What is atmospheric scattering?

A

=> Redirection of EM energy by suspended atmospheric particles

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13
Q

Raleigh Scatter

A

Elastic scattering of light or other EM radiation by particles much smaller than the wavelength of the radiation. **Increases as wavelength decreases

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14
Q

Most common atmospheric constituents?

A

Nitrogen - 78%
Oxygen - 21%
Argon - 3%

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15
Q

Define spectral signatures.

A

=> An objects unique distribution of reflected, emitted, and transmission of EM energy

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16
Q

What wavelengths and frequencies are considered most harmful to humans?

A

Short and fast

17
Q

If image is 1,000 by 1,000 and fit to frame?

A

Meta data tells width and height (7,000 x 7,000). Looking at 1/49

18
Q

Define analog remote sensing.

A

=> Obtain info
=> Earth
=> Distance
=> B, G, R, NIR (0.4 - 0.9 um)

19
Q

List process of analog remote sensing.

A
  1. Sun
  2. Scattering
  3. Reflectance
  4. Airplane
  5. Photo
  6. Map
20
Q

7 P’s of A.P.I.

A
Pattern
Shadow
Shape
Size
Site
Tone
Texture
21
Q

Why do federal agencies prefer color-infrared?

A

Visible and NIR give sharper, clearer and more info

22
Q

Film types?

A

=> Black and White (All visible light (B, G, R))
=> Black and White-infrared (G, R, NIR)
=> Color (0.4 - 0.7 um)
=> Color-infrared (G, R, NIR)

23
Q

CIR and red shift?

A

Healthy veg. is seen as bright red, old veg. has lengthy shadows, and less healthy veg. is more magenta

24
Q

List the process of digital remote sensing.

A
  1. Sun
  2. Scattering
  3. Reflectance off earth’s surface
  4. Satellite
  5. Digital image
  6. Map
25
Define digital remote sensing.
=> Obtain info => About Earth => From a distance => using visible, near, mid and far infrared
26
What is a digital image?
=> Grid of #s used to control the brightness of each pixel (DNs) in the grid.
27
Values of DNs?
Real: B, G, R; DEM = DI Category: Land cover/use = Map
28
What does SEA stand for?
Slope, Elevation, Aspect
29
How many bits are there in a byte?
1 Byte = 8 bits
30
30x30 m or 5x5 m, which is better?
5x5 m is 36 times better
31
Spatial, Spectral, Radiometric, and Temporal? (Image resolution)
Spatial: Size of pixel Spectral: Width of spectrum Radiometric: Level of detail Temporal: Time between images
32
Which display would be best suited for on screen digitizing to update road features for a GIS?
Color Infrared
33
Which individual band would be best for identifying structural differences within the highly vegetated area?
Red
34
What does Meta data provide in ERDAS?
Statistics
35
What band is best for identifying water?
Band 4
36
EM Spectrum " "?
" " = controls interaction of energy (visible)
37
How do dry areas and water appear on ERDAS?
Water = Black (absorbs energy) | Dry areas = White (reflects energy)
38
Visible, NIR, MIR, and FIR " "
``` Visible = "pigments" (0.4 - 0.7 um) NIR = "cell structure" (0.7 - 1.3 um) MIR = "moisture" (1.3 - 3.0 um) FIR = "thermal" (7.0 - 15.0 um) ```